CN-122018168-A - Beam splitting phase shift optical path system

CN122018168ACN 122018168 ACN122018168 ACN 122018168ACN-122018168-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam splitting and phase shifting optical path system which comprises at least one waveguide structure, wherein the waveguide structure comprises a coupling-in part, two coupling-out parts and at least one beam splitting and phase shifting part, the two coupling-out parts are arranged along a first direction, and the beam splitting and phase shifting part is positioned between the two coupling-out parts along the first direction. By adopting the technical scheme, the waveguide structure comprises a coupling-in part and two coupling-out parts, and the two coupling-out parts are arranged on two sides of the beam-splitting phase-shifting part which are oppositely arranged, so that the beam expansion can be realized through the beam-splitting phase-shifting part, and meanwhile, the double-side coupling-out can be realized, and the double-side coupling-out scheme is simple. The light rays emitted by the two coupling-out branches are matched with the binocular, the binocular can acquire light rays, binocular image combination is not needed, the imaging effect is improved, meanwhile, the difficulty in assembling and adjusting the light path system is reduced, the structure of the light path system can be simplified, the light path system with small volume can be realized, and the cost of the light path system can be reduced.

Inventors

LI YANG
NIU LEI

Assignees

上海秋葵扩视仪器有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251217

Claims (14)

1. A beam-splitting phase-shifting optical path system comprising at least one waveguide structure; the waveguide structure comprises a coupling-in part, two coupling-out parts and at least one group of beam phase shifting parts; The two coupling-out subsections are arranged along a first direction, and the beam-splitting phase-shifting subsection is positioned between the two coupling-out subsections along the first direction; the beam splitting phase shift subsection comprises at least one stage of beam splitting phase shift module, wherein each stage of beam splitting phase shift module comprises at least one beam splitting unit and at least one reflecting unit, the beam splitting units and the reflecting units in the same beam splitting phase shift module are arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is intersected with the first direction; along the second direction, the coupling-in part is positioned at one side of the beam-splitting phase-shifting part; the waveguide structure comprises a first beam-splitting phase-shifting section and a second beam-splitting phase-shifting section; The first and second beam-splitting phase-shifting sections are aligned along the second direction.
2. The beam-splitting, phase-shifting optical path system of claim 1, wherein at least one stage of the beam-splitting, phase-shifting module comprises a first-stage beam-splitting, phase-shifting module comprising at least one first beam-splitting element and at least one first reflecting element; the beam splitting phase shift optical path system further comprises a first incident beam; the first beam splitting unit is located on the propagation path of the first incident beam, and a plane where the first beam splitting unit is located and a plane where the first reflecting unit is located are intersected.
3. The beam-splitting phase-shift optical path system of claim 2, wherein the beam-splitting phase-shift subsection comprises an odd number of stages of the beam-splitting phase-shift modules.
4. The beam-splitting phase-shifting optical path system of claim 3, wherein the odd-numbered stage of beam-splitting phase-shifting modules comprise the first stage of beam-splitting phase-shifting modules comprising a first stage of first-stage beam-splitting phase-shifting modules comprising a first-stage beam-splitting unit; The two coupling-out branches comprise a first coupling-out branch and a second coupling-out branch, wherein the first coupling-out branch is positioned on the propagation path of a first beam of the first beam splitting unit, and the second coupling-out branch is positioned on the propagation path of a second beam of the first beam splitting unit.
5. The beam-splitting phase-shifting optical path system of claim 3, wherein the odd-order beam-splitting phase-shifting modules comprise a first-order beam-splitting phase-shifting module, a second-order beam-splitting phase-shifting module and a third-order beam-splitting phase-shifting module; the two out-coupling parts comprise a first out-coupling part and a second out-coupling part; The second-stage beam splitting phase shift module is located in an optical path between a first beam splitting beam of the first-stage beam splitting unit and the first coupling-out part, and the third-stage beam splitting phase shift module is located in an optical path between a second beam splitting beam of the first-stage beam splitting unit and the second coupling-out part.
6. The split-beam phase-shift optical path system of claim 5, wherein the second split-beam phase-shift module comprises a second split-beam unit and a second reflection unit, and the third split-beam phase-shift module comprises a third split-beam unit and a third reflection unit; The first beam splitting unit is positioned on the propagation path of the first incident beam, a first beam splitting beam of the first beam splitting unit is incident to the second beam splitting unit, a part of the first beam splitting beam is transmitted by the second beam splitting unit and then exits, a part of the first beam splitting beam is reflected by the second beam splitting unit and then exits after being reflected by the second reflecting unit, a second beam splitting beam of the first beam splitting unit is incident to the first reflecting unit, a part of the second beam splitting beam is emitted after being reflected by the first reflecting unit and transmitted by the third beam splitting unit, and a part of the second beam splitting beam is emitted after being reflected by the first reflecting unit, reflected by the third beam splitting unit and then exits after being reflected by the third reflecting unit.
7. The beam-splitting phase-shift optical path system of claim 6, wherein the first beam-splitting unit comprises a transflective beam-splitting unit or a polarizing beam-splitting unit, the second beam-splitting unit comprises a transflective beam-splitting unit, and the third beam-splitting unit comprises a transflective beam-splitting unit.
8. The beam-splitting phase-shift optical path system of claim 2, wherein the beam-splitting phase-shift subsection comprises an even number of stages of the beam-splitting phase-shift modules.
9. The beam-splitting phase-shifting optical path system according to claim 8, wherein the even-numbered stage beam-splitting phase-shifting modules comprise a first-stage beam-splitting phase-shifting module and a fourth-stage beam-splitting phase-shifting module, wherein the first-stage beam-splitting phase-shifting module comprises a first beam-splitting unit, a second beam-splitting unit and a first reflecting unit, and wherein planes of the first beam-splitting unit, the second beam-splitting unit and the first reflecting unit intersect; The first second beam splitting unit is positioned on the propagation path of the first incident beam, and the second beam splitting unit and the first reflecting unit are sequentially positioned on the propagation path of the transmission beam of the first second beam splitting unit; The fourth beam splitting phase shift module comprises a fourth beam splitting unit and a fourth reflecting unit, and the fourth beam splitting unit and the fourth reflecting unit are sequentially positioned on the propagation path of the reflected light beam of the first beam splitting unit.
10. The beam-splitting and phase-shifting optical path system according to claim 9, wherein a plane in which the first second beam-splitting unit is located is parallel to a plane in which the second beam-splitting unit is located and a plane in which the fourth beam-splitting unit is located, and intersects a plane in which the first reflecting unit is located; the plane where the fourth beam splitting unit is located intersects with the plane where the fourth reflecting unit is located; the two out-coupling parts comprise a first out-coupling part and a second out-coupling part; The transmitted light beam of the first second beam splitting unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out subsection after being reflected by the second beam splitting unit, and is coupled out from the first coupling-out subsection after being transmitted by the second beam splitting unit and reflected by the first reflecting unit; the reflected light beam of the first second beam splitting unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out sub-section after being transmitted by the fourth beam splitting unit, and is coupled out from the first coupling-out sub-section after being reflected by the fourth beam splitting unit and the fourth reflecting unit.
11. The beam-splitting and phase-shifting optical path system according to claim 9, wherein a plane in which the first second beam-splitting unit is located intersects a plane in which the second beam-splitting unit is located, intersects a plane in which the first reflecting unit is located, and is disposed in parallel with a plane in which the fourth beam-splitting unit is located; the plane of the fourth beam splitting unit is parallel to the plane of the fourth reflecting unit; the two out-coupling parts comprise a first out-coupling part and a second out-coupling part; The transmitted light beam of the first second beam splitting unit is coupled out from the first coupling-out subsection after being reflected by the second beam splitting unit, and is coupled out from the first coupling-out subsection after being transmitted by the second beam splitting unit and reflected by the first reflecting unit; The reflected light beam of the first second beam splitting unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out sub-section after being transmitted by the fourth beam splitting unit, and is coupled out from the second coupling-out sub-section after being reflected by the fourth beam splitting unit and the fourth reflecting unit.
12. The beam-splitting phase-shifting optical path system of claim 11, wherein the first ethylene beam splitting unit is disposed coplanar with the fourth reflective unit.
13. The split-beam phase shift optical path system of claim 10, wherein the even-numbered stages of the split-beam phase shift modules further comprise a fifth-stage split-beam phase shift module and a sixth-stage split-beam phase shift module; The fifth-stage beam phase shift module is located in the optical path between the first-stage beam phase shift module and the first out-coupling section, and the sixth-stage beam phase shift module is located in the optical path between the fourth-stage beam phase shift module and the second out-coupling section; The fifth beam splitting phase shift module comprises a fifth first beam splitting unit, a fifth second beam splitting unit, a fifth first reflecting unit and a fifth second reflecting unit; The sixth-stage beam splitting phase shift module comprises a sixth first beam splitting unit, a sixth second beam splitting unit, a sixth first reflecting unit and a sixth second reflecting unit; The partial reflection light beam reflected by the first reflection unit is coupled out from the first coupling-out subsection after being transmitted by the fifth first beam splitting unit, and the partial reflection light beam reflected by the first reflection unit is coupled out from the first coupling-out subsection after being reflected by the fifth first beam splitting unit and the fifth first reflection unit; the partial reflected light beams reflected by the fourth reflecting unit are coupled out from the first coupling-out subsection after being transmitted by the fifth ethylene beam splitting unit, and the partial reflected light beams reflected by the fourth reflecting unit are coupled out from the first coupling-out subsection after being reflected by the fifth ethylene beam splitting unit and the fifth ethylene reflecting unit; The partial reflection light beam reflected by the second beam splitting unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out part after being transmitted by the sixth first beam splitting unit, and the partial reflection light beam reflected by the second beam splitting unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out part after being reflected by the sixth first beam splitting unit and the sixth first reflecting unit; The partially transmitted light beam transmitted by the fourth beam splitting unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out part after being transmitted by the sixth beam splitting unit, and the partially transmitted light beam transmitted by the fourth beam splitting unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out part after being reflected by the sixth beam splitting unit and the sixth reflection unit.
14. The split-beam phase shift optical path system of claim 11, wherein the even-numbered stages of the split-beam phase shift modules further comprise a seventh-stage split-beam phase shift module, an eighth-stage split-beam phase shift module, a ninth-stage split-beam phase shift module, and a tenth-stage split-beam phase shift module; The seventh-stage beam phase shift module and the eighth-stage beam phase shift module are both located in the optical path between the first-stage beam phase shift module and the first out-coupling section, and the ninth-stage beam phase shift module and the tenth-stage beam phase shift module are both located in the optical path between the fourth-stage beam phase shift module and the second out-coupling section; the seventh-stage beam-splitting phase-shifting module comprises a seventh beam-splitting unit and a seventh reflecting unit, the eighth-stage beam-shifting module comprises an eighth beam-splitting unit and an eighth reflecting unit, the ninth-stage beam-shifting module comprises a ninth beam-splitting unit and a ninth reflecting unit, and the tenth-stage beam-shifting module comprises a tenth beam unit and a tenth reflecting unit; The partial reflection light beam reflected by the second beam splitting unit is coupled out from the first coupling-out part after being transmitted by the eighth beam splitting unit, and the partial reflection light beam reflected by the second beam splitting unit is coupled out from the first coupling-out part after being reflected by the eighth beam splitting unit and the eighth reflecting unit; The partial reflection light beam reflected by the first reflection unit is coupled out from the first coupling-out subsection after being transmitted by the seventh beam splitting unit, and the partial reflection light beam reflected by the first reflection unit is coupled out from the first coupling-out subsection after being reflected by the seventh beam splitting unit and reflected by the seventh reflection unit; The light beam transmitted by the fourth beam splitting unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out subsection after being transmitted by the ninth beam splitting unit, and the light beam transmitted by the fourth beam splitting unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out subsection after being reflected by the ninth beam splitting unit and the ninth reflecting unit; The partial reflection light beam reflected by the fourth reflection unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out subsection after being transmitted by the tenth beam unit, and the partial reflection light beam reflected by the fourth reflection unit is coupled out from the second coupling-out subsection after being reflected by the tenth beam unit and the tenth reflection unit.

Description

Beam splitting phase shift optical path system The application relates to a split application (the application date of the original application is 2025, 12 and 17, and the name of the split phase shift optical path system) of a patent application with the application number 202511912807.7. Technical Field The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of optical systems, in particular to a beam-splitting phase-shifting optical path system. Background The augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR) technology fuses virtual information with a real scene through an optical Display system to realize man-machine interaction, and is mainly applied to Near-to-eye (Near-EYE DISPLAY, NED), head-up-Display (HUD) and other scenes. Current AR displays common schemes include freeform prisms, off-axis mirrors, and optical waveguide technology. The free-form surface prism is limited by the length of an optical path, ultrathin realization is difficult, the off-axis reflector has the problem of asymmetric aberration correction, and the optical waveguide technology becomes a mainstream scheme by virtue of a compact structure and the morphological advantages of near-glasses, and realizes directional expansion of light beams through three stages of coupling in, total internal reflection (Total Internal Reflection, TIR) transmission and coupling out. As shown in fig. 1, the specific flow is as follows: The light beams emitted by the micro-display (such as LCD/micro-OLED/micro-LED/LCoS/DLP/LBS) are coupled into the waveguide through the coupling-in element (such as a prism/reflector/diffraction grating, etc.), the light beams propagate in the waveguide through total reflection (TIR), enter the human eyes through the coupling-out element (such as a surface relief grating/volume holographic grating/spectroscope, etc.), and simultaneously the outside real world light also enters the human eyes through the optical transmission (Optical See Through, OST) mode, so that the virtual-real fusion is realized. The AR technology has remarkable application value in the fields of entertainment, social contact, navigation, medical treatment, military and the like. The existing waveguide mydriasis schemes are divided into one-dimensional mydriasis waveguides and two-dimensional mydriasis waveguides, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. Both have the bottlenecks of a one-dimensional mydriatic waveguide, a bulky (volume >1 cc) optomachine, a high weight (> 10 g), causing discomfort in wear and limited industrial design, etc. The two-dimensional pupil-expanding waveguide can reduce the volume, but has the defects that in the diffraction waveguide, the diffraction efficiency of a turning region is low (< 50%) and 0-level light loss (> 30%) exists, the optical-mechanical brightness is required to be more than or equal to 1000000 nit, and a high-cost Micro LED or a low-image-quality LCoS/LBS scheme is forced to be adopted. The existing beam expansion technology cannot meet the requirements of high optical efficiency (> 25%), small volume (optical machine is less than or equal to 0.5 cc) and low cost at the same time. In addition, the beam expansion technology in the prior art also needs to perform binocular imaging after beam expansion, otherwise, left and right eye images are easy to be not adapted, and imaging effect is affected. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an augmented reality display scheme with good display effect, small volume, light weight, low cost, and good binocular imaging effect to meet the AR display needs. Disclosure of Invention Based on the above, the invention provides a beam splitting phase shift optical path system, which solves the problems of high cost of an optical machine in the optical waveguide beam expansion in the prior art, and simultaneously realizes small volume, high optical efficiency and good binocular imaging effect. The application provides a beam-splitting phase-shifting optical path system, which comprises at least one waveguide structure; the waveguide structure comprises a coupling-in part, two coupling-out parts and at least one group of beam phase shifting parts; The two out-coupling sections are arranged along a first direction, and the beam-splitting phase-shifting section is positioned between the two out-coupling sections along the first direction. Optionally, the beam splitting phase shift subsection comprises at least one level of beam splitting phase shift module, wherein each level of beam splitting phase shift module comprises at least one beam splitting unit and at least one reflecting unit, the beam splitting units and the reflecting units in the same beam splitting phase shift module are arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is intersected with the first direction; along the second direction, the coupling-in section is located at one side of the beam-splitting phase-shifting section. Optionally, the at least one stage of beam splitting phase shift module i