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CN-122018343-A - Self-adaptive air volume adjusting method and system for dust removing tail end

CN122018343ACN 122018343 ACN122018343 ACN 122018343ACN-122018343-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive air volume adjusting method and a self-adaptive air volume adjusting system for a dust collection end, which comprise the steps of acquiring the real-time emission condition of dust of a dust source, carrying out real-time analysis, judgment and signal output on the dust collection air volume through a dust diffusion flow field algorithm and a dust hood collection flow field algorithm which are arranged in an end processor, carrying out self-adaptive adjustment on the air volume of a dust collection port through a self-adaptive dust collection system end device based on a control signal, monitoring the actual air volume in a flue in real time through the self-adaptive dust collection system end device, automatically adjusting the opening of a valve body according to the received control signal so that the air volume of the dust collection port reaches an optimal target air volume value, feeding back and evaluating the control effect, judging whether the dust collection port meets the dust control requirement according to the real-time emission condition of the dust obtained in real time, entering stable operation and continuously monitoring if the dust collection port meets the dust collection requirement, and repeatedly executing the second and third steps if the dust collection port is not met. Corresponding systems, electronic devices, and computer-readable storage media are also disclosed.

Inventors

  • LOU KEBIN
  • DIAO YONGFA

Assignees

  • 东华大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260414

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The self-adaptive air quantity adjusting method for the dust removing tail end is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, acquiring the real-time emission condition of smoke dust of a dust source, wherein the real-time emission condition of the smoke dust comprises smoke dust diffusion data and production data; S2, based on the smoke diffusion data and the production data, carrying out smoke trapping air quantity real-time analysis, judgment and control signal output through a smoke diffusion flow field algorithm and a dust hood trapping flow field algorithm which are built in an end processor; S3, carrying out self-adaptive adjustment on the air quantity of the dust collection port based on the control signal through a self-adaptive dust collection system end device, wherein the self-adaptive dust collection system end device monitors the actual air quantity in a flue in real time, and automatically adjusts the opening degree of a valve body according to the received control signal so that the air quantity of the dust collection port reaches an optimal target air quantity value; and S4, feeding back and evaluating the control effect, wherein the step comprises the steps of judging whether the dust control requirement is met according to the real-time emission condition of the smoke dust obtained in real time in the step S1, entering into stable operation and continuously monitoring if the dust control requirement is met, and repeatedly executing the steps S2 and S3 if the dust control requirement is not met, and adjusting the tail end device of the self-adaptive dust removal system to enable the control effect to reach a preset target.
  2. 2. The method for adaptive air volume conditioning of a dust removing terminal according to claim 1, wherein S1 comprises: S11, acquiring smoke diffusion data based on an image visual recognition mode, wherein the smoke diffusion data comprise a real-time diffusion range, a diffusion direction, diffusion strength and diffusion speed of smoke at different times; s12, acquiring production data based on a data acquisition mode, wherein the production data comprises production signals and dust source position information.
  3. 3. The method for adaptive air volume adjustment of a dust removing terminal according to claim 2, wherein S11 comprises: Installing a plurality of high-definition industrial cameras around the dust source (1) to cover a diffusion main area of the dust source (1), wherein the high-definition industrial cameras are connected with an end processor through a network; Starting a plurality of high-definition industrial cameras to obtain a plurality of video streams and images and preprocessing a plurality of video streams and image data, wherein the preprocessing comprises denoising, enhancing and calibrating the acquired video streams to eliminate illumination change and background interference, smoothing the image data by adopting Gaussian filtering and median filtering, and extracting a smoke dust movement area by a background subtraction method; The preprocessing video stream and the image data are subjected to data fusion, and a plurality of corresponding feature extraction algorithms are carried out on the fused data to obtain the real-time diffusion range, diffusion direction, diffusion strength and diffusion speed of the smoke dust at different times, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and recognizing a smoke boundary through an edge detection algorithm, calculating the pixel area covered by smoke, and converting the pixel area into an actual physical area by combining camera calibration parameters as the diffusion range: analyzing motion vectors of smoke pixels in continuous frames based on an optical flow method, generating a smoke moving direction field, expressing the direction of the smoke moving direction field by an angle, and counting a dominant direction as the diffusion direction; Estimating the concentration of smoke dust based on gray value analysis, and calculating the total volume of the smoke dust as the diffusion intensity by combining the pixel area, wherein the diffusion intensity is divided into three levels of low, medium and high based on gray value threshold division; and the data fusion of the preprocessed video stream and the preprocessed image data comprises the step of improving the measurement precision of the preprocessed video stream and the preprocessed image through Kalman filtering fusion; The S12 includes acquiring production data based on industrial automation and internet of things technologies, including: Acquiring real-time production signals from a PLC of production equipment, wherein the production signals comprise equipment start-stop state, running speed, yield and technological parameters, and the production data are transmitted to an end processor through Modbus or OPC UA protocol; For a dynamic dust source, tracking the movement of dust source equipment through an RFID or UWB positioning system, and marking dust source coordinates by combining a GIS map to obtain dust source position information of the dynamic dust source; The production data is time stamped with the image data to ensure real-time, and the end processor creates a data buffer, updated every 100 ms.
  4. 4. The method for adaptive air volume adjustment of a dust removing terminal according to claim 3, wherein S2 comprises: S21, determining diffusion parameters based on the smoke diffusion flow field algorithm, wherein the diffusion parameters comprise smoke emission conditions and motion tracks, and the smoke diffusion flow field algorithm simulates diffusion behaviors of smoke in air based on a computational fluid dynamics simplified model; S22, judging the optimal air quantity required by the dust hood when the dust hood achieves the set dust collection efficiency based on the dust hood collection flow field algorithm, wherein the dust hood collection flow field algorithm calculates the air quantity requirement of the dust hood based on a Bernoulli equation and an empirical formula; s23, outputting a control signal based on the smoke emission condition, the movement track and the optimal air quantity required by the dust hood when the dust hood reaches the set smoke collection efficiency, wherein the control signal is output to the tail end device of the self-adaptive dust collection system by the end processor and comprises the target air quantity value aiming at the optimal target air quantity value And a control instruction of the opening degree of the valve body.
  5. 5. The method for adaptive air volume adjustment of a dust removing terminal according to claim 4, wherein S21 comprises: Establishing a diffusion model corresponding to the smoke diffusion flow field algorithm based on a diffusion range, a diffusion direction, diffusion intensity, ambient temperature, ambient humidity and airflow velocity, wherein the diffusion model is a Gaussian smoke plume model, smoke is regarded as a continuous point source, and a concentration distribution formula of the smoke is shown as a formula (1) based on the diffusion model: (1); Wherein, the The smoke concentration is mg/m3, The smoke release rate is expressed as mg/s, The wind speed is given in m/s, And For the horizontal and vertical diffusion coefficients, Is the height of the dust source and is equal to the height of the dust source, Respectively the three-dimensional coordinates of the smoke dust; the concentration profile of the soot is used to characterize the soot emission conditions; Dispersing smoke dust into particles by a particle tracking method, and solving a motion equation based on the diffusion model to predict the motion trail of the smoke dust, wherein the motion equation is shown in a formula (2): (2); Wherein, the In order to achieve a particle velocity that is the same as the particle velocity, In order for the air flow rate to be high, In order for the particles to relax in time, Gravitational acceleration; The diffusion parameters are recalculated and updated in real time every 200ms and the diffusion model is modified in connection with the image data.
  6. 6. The method for adaptive air volume conditioning of a dust removing terminal according to claim 5, wherein S22 comprises: Establishing a trapping efficiency model corresponding to a dust hood trapping flow field algorithm based on the smoke concentration, the diffusion speed, the dust source distance and the dust hood geometric dimension, wherein the trapping efficiency model defines trapping efficiency For target value, the required air quantity In direct proportion to the amount of smoke capture, wherein the air quantity The calculation formula of (2) is shown as formula (3): (3); Wherein, the The unit is the air quantity, the unit is m3/h, The smoke concentration is mg/m3, The unit is m2 for covering the area of the mouth, The smoke approaching speed or the diffusion speed is expressed as m/s, Is an empirical coefficient, and is related to the distance between dust sources and is 1.2-1.5; performing flow field simulation by adopting CFD (computational fluid dynamics) to simulate flow lines near a dust hood and determine critical air quantity in the flow field simulation so as to ensure that smoke dust is effectively sucked, wherein the critical air quantity in the flow field simulation is based on Stokes number of smoke dust particles Determining the Stokes number The calculation formula of (2) is shown as formula (4): (4); Wherein, the In order to achieve a particle density of the particles, Is the diameter of the particles, and is the diameter of the particles, In the form of the viscosity of the air, Is the diameter of the cover mouth When <0.1, the trapping efficiency is high; Ensuring Stokes numbers <0.1, The air volume is optimized with the aim of minimum energy consumption The optimization function is shown as formula (5): (5); Wherein, the Finding out the target efficiency by iterative calculation And determining the minimum air volume of the air volume to be the optimal target air volume value 。
  7. 7. The method for adaptive air volume conditioning of a dust removing terminal according to claim 6, wherein S3 comprises: s31, the tail end device of the self-adaptive dust removal system monitors the actual air quantity in the flue in real time, and the static pressure difference of the flue gas before and after the valve plate is monitored in real time through the pressure acquisition mechanism And based on the static pressure difference of the flue gas before and after the valve plate Calculating the actual air quantity As shown in formula (6): (6); Wherein, the Is the flow coefficient of the valve, and the flow coefficient of the valve, The gas specific gravity of air is 1.0; S32, the valve body control mechanism receives the control signal of the end processor and drives the adjustable porous valve plate to move through the actuator, wherein the valve body opening of the adjustable porous valve plate In linear relation with the air quantity, the PID controller adjusts the opening of the valve body according to the formula (7) : (7); Wherein, the Is the air quantity error, and the air quantity error is the air quantity error, 、 、 Respectively a proportional coefficient, an integral coefficient and a differential coefficient.
  8. 8. The method for adaptive air volume adjustment of a dust removing terminal according to claim 7, wherein the step of obtaining the current operation status according to step S1 in step S4, determining whether the dust control requirement is satisfied, entering a stable operation if the dust control requirement is satisfied, and continuously monitoring the dust control requirement comprises: The high-definition industrial camera continuously captures the diffusion condition of smoke and dust and calculates the residual smoke and dust coverage rate, wherein the residual smoke and dust coverage rate=the percentage of residual area/total area; Installing a laser dust sensor downstream of the dust hood, the laser dust sensor being used to detect emission concentration (mg/m 3); Judging whether the dust control requirement is met or not based on a dust control index, wherein the dust control index is that the residual smoke coverage rate is less than or equal to 5% or the emission concentration is less than or equal to 10mg/m < 3 >; judging whether to enter stable operation or not based on a stability judging criterion, wherein the stability judging criterion is that data fluctuation is less than 5% in continuous 30s is regarded as stable; based on meeting the dust control requirement, the system enters a stable operation mode, and data are checked every 10 s; and if the dust control requirement is not met in the step S4, repeating the step S2 and the step S3, and adjusting the tail end device of the self-adaptive dust removal system so that the control effect reaches a preset target, wherein the step comprises the following steps of: If the dust control requirement is not met, the end processor re-executes the steps S2 and S3 to adjust the air quantity, wherein the period of re-executing the steps S2 and S3 is 5S until the control effect reaches a preset target; And recording the historical data, and storing each adjustment parameter for optimizing an algorithm and predicting maintenance.
  9. 9. An adaptive air volume conditioning system for dedusting ends, for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-8, comprising: The system comprises a dust source (1), a dust real-time emission condition data acquisition module, a dust generation module and a dust generation module, wherein the dust real-time emission condition data acquisition module is used for acquiring the dust real-time emission condition of the dust source (1) and comprises dust diffusion data and production data, and the dust real-time emission condition data acquisition module comprises an image visual identification module (2) and a production data acquisition module (3), and the production data acquisition module (3) is connected with the dust source (1); The end processor (4) is used for carrying out dust collection air quantity real-time analysis, judgment and control signal output through a built-in dust diffusion flow field algorithm and a dust hood collection flow field algorithm based on the dust diffusion data and the production data, wherein the end processor (4) is respectively connected with the image visual identification module (2) and the production data acquisition module (3); The self-adaptive dust removal system end device (5) is used for carrying out self-adaptive adjustment on the air quantity of the dust collection opening based on the control signal, and comprises the steps that the self-adaptive dust removal system end device (5) is arranged in a flue above the dust source (1), the actual air quantity in the flue is monitored in real time, and the opening degree of the valve body is automatically adjusted according to the received control signal, so that the air quantity of the dust collection opening reaches an optimal target air quantity value ; The feedback evaluation module is used for feeding back and evaluating the control effect and comprises the steps of judging whether the dust control requirement is met according to the real-time emission condition of the smoke dust obtained in real time, entering stable operation and continuously monitoring if the dust control requirement is met, and repeatedly executing the functions of the end processor (4) and the tail end device (5) of the self-adaptive dust removal system if the dust control requirement is not met, so that the control effect reaches a preset target.
  10. 10. The self-adaptive air quantity regulating system of the dust removing tail end according to claim 9, wherein the self-adaptive dust removing tail end device (5) consists of a valve body (51), a fixed porous valve plate (52), an adjustable porous valve plate (53), a valve body control mechanism (54) and a pressure acquisition mechanism (55), wherein a double-layer valve plate consisting of the fixed porous valve plate (52) and the adjustable porous valve plate (53) is arranged inside the valve body (51), the fixed porous valve plate (52) is arranged in front along the air inlet direction, the adjustable porous valve plate (53) is arranged behind, the size and the arrangement position of air holes on the fixed porous valve plate (52) and the adjustable porous valve plate (53) are identical, the centers of the air holes on the same positions of the fixed porous valve plate (52) and the adjustable porous valve plate (53) are coincident in the full-open state, when the adjustment is needed, the adjustable porous valve plate (53) is pulled up by the valve body control mechanism (54), thereby the fixed porous valve plate (52) is blocked by the air holes, the air flow of a double-layer air duct is reduced, the cross-sectional area of the fixed porous valve plate (52) is designed to be equal to the air duct area of the double-layer air duct, The valve meets the design of the valve related standard, and the front and the back of the double-layer valve plate are respectively provided with a group of pressure acquisition holes for acquiring the static pressure difference of the flue gas before and after the valve plate The pressure acquisition mechanism (55) is used for transmitting the acquired pressure signals to the end processor (4) in a wireless or wired transmission mode.

Description

Self-adaptive air volume adjusting method and system for dust removing tail end Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of industrial ventilation and dust removal, in particular to a self-adaptive air volume adjusting method and system for a dust removal tail end. Background There are a large number of points in the industrial production process, and the points can generate and emit pollutants, such as points of a blast furnace tap hole, a converter charging hole and the like, and the pollutant emission is paroxysmal and greatly fluctuates along with different production process. In the whole process of pollution discharge, the peak value is 5-10 times of the average value, the duration of the peak value is less than 10% of the whole process, in addition, the discharge rate is suddenly fluctuated due to factors such as production operation parameter change, material property change and the like in the discharge process. The characteristics enable the trapping requirement of the whole production process on the dust removing system to be fluctuated, the excessive overflow of particulate matters and the environment protection are not achieved due to the fact that the trapping air quantity at the tail end of the dust removing system is too small, excessive air draft is caused due to the fact that the air quantity is too large, and the energy consumption of the dust removing system is increased. Aiming at the problems, the current dust removing system adjusts the tail end air discharge quantity of the dust removing system by adopting the modes of adjusting the opening of an air valve or adjusting the running frequency/rotating speed of a fan and the like, and is matched with the dust source property. The related art is described as follows: The Chinese patent application CN202310135168.2 (a ventilation system digital debugging technology combined with a BIM) discloses a ventilation system digital debugging technology combined with a BME model, and data of the system are collected and processed by utilizing computer modeling, and the running of the data model can be used for carrying out preliminary deduction on the running state of the ventilation system, so that a reference basis is provided for the running state monitoring of the ventilation system, and the regulation efficiency of the system is improved by 25%; Chinese patent application CN202311071704.3 (a variable air volume regulating valve) discloses a variable air volume regulating valve, which regulates the air volume by using a hanging rod plugboard limit regulation mode, and improves the tightness of the valve after closing by setting an annular rubber ring and a sealing gasket, thereby reducing the air leakage rate; chinese patent application CN202311071698.1 (a novel variable air volume regulating valve) discloses a novel variable air volume regulating valve, and a push-pull self-locking mode is utilized to accurately limit a valve plate, so that the valve plate can not deviate even when the wind power is overlarge, and the variable air volume is accurately regulated and the tightness is improved; chinese patent application CN202320800745.0 (an intelligent fixed air volume regulating valve) discloses an intelligent fixed air volume regulating valve, through external electric drive mechanism, drives screw rod to adjust inside clamp plate and reciprocates, adjusts the amount of air, has solved adjustment mechanism and has set up the problem at pipeline inside maintenance difficulty. However, the above-mentioned prior art is limited to the regulation of the air volume, and cannot solve the excessive exhaust or energy waste caused by the fluctuation of the dust source, and these regulation modes are based on the known operation signals or the timing operation control logic set according to the smoke emission history condition, and the regulation modes are basically fixed, so that it is difficult to respond to the change of the dust source in time. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a self-adaptive air quantity adjusting method and a self-adaptive air quantity adjusting system for a dust removing tail end, which are used for adjusting and controlling an end device of a self-adaptive dust removing system in real time through an image recognition and flow field analysis technology, adapting the air quantity required by the dust emission condition of a dust source and realizing the optimal matching of the air quantity on the premise of controlling the dust, thereby solving the problems of how to identify pollution change and adapting and adjusting the tail end air quantity of the dust removing system in the prior art. The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for adjusting self-adaptive air volume at a dust removing end, comprising: s1, acquiring the real-time emission condition of smoke dust of a dust source, wherein the real-time emission condition of the smoke dust comprises smoke dust diffusion d