CN-122020074-A - Natural river ice period section flow calculation method for simplifying test

CN122020074ACN 122020074 ACN122020074 ACN 122020074ACN-122020074-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for calculating the section flow of a natural river course in ice period of a simplified test, which belongs to the technical field of hydrologic tests and comprises the steps of dividing the section into a plurality of strip units, calculating the effective water depth of each measuring point according to the water depth and the ice-soaking thickness of each measuring point corresponding to each strip unit, calculating the area of each strip unit according to the effective water depth of each measuring point, calculating the accumulated section area and the accumulated hydraulic radius from the left bank and the right bank of the section to the strip unit according to the area of each strip unit, calculating the relative single wide flow of the section on the left side and the right side of the strip unit according to the accumulated section area and the accumulated hydraulic radius from the left bank and the right bank to the strip unit, and further calculating the comprehensive relative single wide flow of the strip unit according to the proportional relation between the comprehensive relative single wide flow and the actual single wide flow of the strip unit. The method can observe the flow of the reverse-push full section in a small amount, thereby simplifying the flow test flow in the ice period.

Inventors

JIANG FEIQING
GU KAI
LIU MOYANG
JI HAIXIANG
XU QINXIAO
ZHU YIQING
WANG ZENGAN
CHEN YUFEI
NIU ZHIXING
YANG JUNJIE
ZHU CHAO
LIU WEI
FU JINGCHENG
XIA XIANG
ZOU WEI

Assignees

水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260414

Claims (10)

1. A method for calculating the flow rate of a natural river ice period section of a simplified test is characterized by comprising the following steps: Dividing the section into a plurality of strip units; Calculating the effective water depth at each measuring point according to the water depth and the water ice thickness at the measuring point corresponding to each strip unit; Calculating the area of each strip unit according to the effective water depth at each measuring point; According to the area of each strip unit, calculating the accumulated cross-sectional area and the accumulated hydraulic radius from the left bank and the right bank of the cross section to the strip units respectively; calculating the relative single-width flow of the sections on the left side and the right side of the strip unit according to the accumulated section area and the accumulated hydraulic radius from the left bank and the right bank of the section to the strip unit; calculating the comprehensive relative single-width flow of the strip unit according to the relative single-width flow of the sections at the left side and the right side of the strip unit; and calculating the total flow of the section according to the proportional relation between the comprehensive relative single-width flow and the actual single-width flow of the strip units.
2. The method for calculating the ice-stage section flow rate of the natural river course for simplifying the test according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the effective water depth at each measuring point is as follows: ; Wherein, the Represent the first The effective water depth at the corresponding measuring point of each strip unit, 、 Respectively represent the first The water depth and the water ice thickness of the measuring points corresponding to the strip units.
3. The method for calculating the ice-stage section flow rate of the natural river course for simplifying the test according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the area of each strip unit is as follows: ; Wherein, the Represent the first The area of the individual ribbon elements is such that, 、 Respectively represent the first 、 The effective water depth at the corresponding measuring point of each strip unit, 、 Respectively represent the first 、 The starting point distance of the corresponding measuring points of each strip unit.
4. The method for calculating the ice-stage section flow rate of the natural river course for simplifying the test according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the accumulated section area from the left bank of the section to the strip unit is: ; Wherein, the From the left bank of the section to the first The cumulative cross-sectional area of the individual ribbon elements, Represent the first The area of the individual stripe units; the calculation formula of the accumulated hydraulic radius from the left bank of the section to the strip unit is as follows: ; Wherein, the From the left bank of the section to the first The cumulative hydraulic radius of the individual strip units, Representation of A corresponding wet cycle length; the calculation formula of the accumulated section area from the right bank of the section to the strip unit is as follows: ; Wherein, the From the right bank of the section to the first The cumulative cross-sectional area of the individual ribbon elements, Representing the total number of stripe units; the calculation formula of the accumulated hydraulic radius from the right bank of the section to the strip unit is as follows: ; Wherein, the From the right bank of the section to the first The cumulative hydraulic radius of the individual strip units, Representation of Corresponding wet cycle length.
5. The method for calculating the ice-stage section flow rate of the natural river course for simplifying the test according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the section relative to the single-width flow rate at the left side of the strip unit is as follows: ; Wherein, the Represent the first The cross section of the left side of each stripe unit is relatively single wide flow, The width of the river is represented by the formula, The total area of the cross-section is indicated, Represents the total hydraulic radius of the section, The characteristic coefficient of the section is represented, 、 Respectively from the left bank of the section to the first The cumulative cross-sectional area and cumulative hydraulic radius of each strip unit, 、 Respectively from the left bank of the section to the first The cumulative cross-sectional area and cumulative hydraulic radius of each strip unit, 、 Respectively represent the first 、 Starting point distances of the measuring points corresponding to the strip units; The calculation formula of the relative single-width flow of the section on the right side of the strip unit is as follows: ; Wherein, the Represent the first The right side cross section of each ribbon element is relatively single wide flow, 、 Respectively from the right bank of the section to the first The cumulative cross-sectional area and cumulative hydraulic radius of each strip unit, 、 Respectively from the right bank of the section to the first Cumulative cross-sectional area, cumulative hydraulic radius of individual ribbon elements.
6. The method for calculating the ice-stage section flow rate of the natural river course for simplifying the test according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the comprehensive relative single-width flow rate of the strip units is as follows: ; Wherein, the Represent the first The combined relative single-wide flow of individual stripe units, 、 Respectively represent the first The left and right sides of each strip unit have a cross section that is relatively single wide flow.
7. The method for calculating the ice-stage section flow rate of the natural river course for simplifying the test according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the total section flow rate is as follows: ; Wherein, the The total flow rate of the section is represented, 、 Respectively represent the first The combined relative single-width flow and the actual single-width flow of each stripe unit, , 、 Respectively represent the first The average flow velocity of the vertical line of the measuring point corresponding to each strip unit and the effective water depth, Representing river width.
8. A natural river course ice stage section flow computing system of simplifying test, characterized by comprising: The strip dividing module is used for dividing the section into a plurality of strip units; The water depth calculating module is used for calculating the effective water depth at each measuring point according to the water depth and the water ice thickness at the measuring point corresponding to each strip unit; The area calculation module is used for calculating the area of each strip unit according to the effective water depth at each measuring point; the accumulated calculating module is used for calculating the accumulated sectional area and the accumulated hydraulic radius of the strip units from the left bank and the right bank of the section according to the area of each strip unit; The single flow calculation module is used for calculating the relative single-width flow of the cross section on the left side and the right side of the strip unit according to the accumulated cross section area and the accumulated hydraulic radius of the strip unit from the left bank and the right bank of the cross section; the comprehensive calculation module is used for calculating the comprehensive relative single-width flow of the strip unit according to the relative single-width flow of the sections at the left side and the right side of the strip unit; And the flow calculation module is used for calculating the total flow of the section according to the proportional relation between the comprehensive relative single-width flow and the actual single-width flow of the strip unit.
9. A computer device, comprising: A storage medium for storing a computer program; a processor for executing the computer program to implement the method for calculating the natural river ice section flow for simplifying the test according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for calculating the natural river ice section flow for a simplified test according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Natural river ice period section flow calculation method for simplifying test Technical Field The invention relates to a method for calculating the flow of a natural river ice period section in a simplified test, and belongs to the technical field of hydrologic tests. Background The rivers in the regions with high cold and cold temperate zones commonly form stable ice covers in winter, and the boundary conditions of the river channels are changed due to the occurrence of the ice layers, so that the water flow resistance is obviously increased, and the water level-flow relation deviates from the smooth water conditions. The formation, development and ablation process of the ice cover usually lasts for several months, and the phenomena of flow ice density change, ice plug formation, water level fluctuation and the like frequently occur during the period, so that the uncertainty of flow test in the ice period is obviously increased, and higher requirements are put on anti-ice disaster reduction, water delivery scheduling and water resource management in winter. At present, the flow rate-area method is mainly adopted in the river hydrologic station ice period flow test, a plurality of vertical lines are required to be distributed on the ice surface, the flow rate of each water depth is measured through manual drilling, and then integral calculation is carried out on the section. This method is labor intensive, time consuming and presents a high operational risk under low temperature, thick ice and unstable ice cap conditions. For sections with large numbers of wide and shallow river channels or vertical lines, the flow measurement workload is multiplied, and the continuous acquisition of the flow in the ice period is severely restricted. In addition, the operation environment on ice is bad, equipment is easy to damage, and cross-border rivers can also relate to foreign matter coordination, so that the testing difficulty is further increased. Observations have shown that ice covers significantly alter the water flow structure, making winter flow tests necessary to take into account ice layer effects. The flow under the ice cover is estimated by adopting a plurality of modes such as a flow proportion method, a hydrologic analogy method, a water level-flow curve correction method, a single-point indication flow velocity method, a uniform flow method and the like, and the accuracy of the flow is compared and analyzed, so that the results show that the methods have different deviations, and more reliable results still need to depend on measurement and integration of multi-point flow velocity distribution on a section. For sections with wide shallow river channels or more vertical lines, dozens of vertical lines are often required to be laid, the measurement workload is huge, and the operation risk is high. In order to reduce the on-site flow measurement workload, some researches try to establish the relationship between the ice-stage flow and the section geometric parameter through hydraulic deduction, but the methods generally depend on more input parameters or idealized assumptions, are difficult to directly apply in a natural river channel, and are difficult to truly realize the simplification of the ice-stage flow measurement flow. The existing ice period flow test method generally has the problems of large workload, high risk, low efficiency, dependence on multipoint speed measurement and the like, and the existing theoretical method is difficult to directly use for on-site rapid calculation. Therefore, a new ice-stage flow measurement method capable of fully utilizing the geometric information of the section, reducing the on-site speed measurement requirement and accurately inverting the section flow under the limited observation condition is needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method for calculating the flow rate of the ice-stage section of a natural river channel for simplifying the test, which realizes the reverse pushing of the flow rate of the full section by a small amount of observation by establishing the quantitative relation between the physical characteristic parameters of the section and the relative single-width flow rate, thereby simplifying the flow rate test flow of the ice-stage. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for calculating the flow rate of an ice-stage section of a natural river course for simplifying a test, comprising: Dividing the section into a plurality of strip units; Calculating the effective water depth at each measuring point according to the water depth and the water ice thickness at the measuring point corresponding to each strip unit; Calculating the area of each strip unit according to the effective water depth at each measuring point; According to the area of each strip unit, calculating the accumulated cross-sectional