CN-122020362-A - Optical fiber monitoring early warning optimization method and device

CN122020362ACN 122020362 ACN122020362 ACN 122020362ACN-122020362-A

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical fiber monitoring and early warning optimization method and device, the method comprises the steps of constructing a pipeline soil database of an oil gas pipeline, determining the parameter optimization direction of each soil type, determining the optical fiber monitoring parameter of each monitoring unit according to the parameter optimization direction and a soil optical fiber signal mapping model, determining the target parameter optimization direction based on the soil type of the unit to be monitored, collecting the soil parameter to be detected and real-time signal characteristics of the unit to be monitored according to the target parameter optimization direction, carrying out optical fiber monitoring and early warning on the real-time signal characteristics according to the optical fiber monitoring parameters to obtain an early warning result, obtaining an early warning report according to the soil parameter to be detected and the soil optical fiber signal mapping model when the early warning result is that risks exist, and realizing more accurate risk early warning by constructing the pipeline soil database and optimizing the monitoring parameters based on the soil type.

Inventors

LI ZHAORAN
DONG ZHIYONG
GAO LU
WU JIAQI
ZHANG ZHIXIN

Assignees

武汉理工光科股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251231

Claims (10)

1. The optical fiber monitoring, early warning and optimizing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: constructing a pipeline soil database of soil parameters and optical fiber signal characteristics of all soil types in a plurality of monitoring units on an oil gas pipeline, and determining the parameter optimization direction of each soil type; determining the optical fiber monitoring parameters of each monitoring unit according to the parameter optimization direction and the soil optical fiber signal mapping model; Determining a target parameter optimization direction based on the soil type of a unit to be monitored, and collecting soil parameters to be detected and real-time signal characteristics of the unit to be monitored according to the target parameter optimization direction; performing optical fiber monitoring and early warning on the real-time signal characteristics according to the optical fiber monitoring parameters to obtain early warning results; And when the early warning result is that the risk exists, acquiring an early warning report according to the soil parameters to be detected and the soil fiber signal mapping model.
2. The method for optimizing optical fiber monitoring and early warning according to claim 1, wherein the constructing a pipeline soil database including soil parameters of all soil types and optical fiber signal characteristics on an oil and gas pipeline comprises: defining a plurality of monitoring units along the oil and gas pipeline, and collecting a plurality of parallel soil samples of the monitoring units; laboratory analysis is carried out on the plurality of parallel soil samples, and the soil type and the soil parameters of each monitoring unit are determined; and constructing a pipeline soil database based on the soil type and the soil parameters.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the defining a plurality of monitoring units along the oil and gas pipeline and collecting a plurality of parallel soil samples of the plurality of monitoring units comprises: Taking the central line of the oil gas pipeline as a reference, extending main influence areas in the pipeline burial depth range to two sides respectively to obtain a sampling belt; Dividing the sampling belt into monitoring units and soil types based on a pipeline design diagram and a line topography diagram to obtain a soil dividing result, wherein the soil dividing result comprises monitoring units divided according to a preset first interval in a conventional section, monitoring units divided according to a second interval smaller than the first interval in a special section and additionally arranged at a soil difference boundary; Marking the sampling belt according to the pipeline design drawing, the line topography drawing and the soil property dividing result to obtain a plurality of sampling points; collecting longitude and latitude coordinates of a plurality of sampling points on all monitoring units to construct a sampling table, wherein the sampling table comprises longitude and latitude coordinates of each sampling point and identification pile numbers; and collecting a plurality of parallel soil samples for each sampling point according to the longitude and latitude coordinates and the identification pile number.
4. The optical fiber monitoring, early warning and optimizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the input of the soil optical fiber signal mapping model is a soil parameter, the output of the soil optical fiber signal mapping model is an optical fiber signal characteristic, the soil parameter comprises a key soil parameter and an auxiliary variable parameter, the key soil parameter comprises an acoustic attenuation coefficient, strain transmission efficiency, natural water content, soil density and elastic modulus, the auxiliary variable parameter comprises a soil type, the optical fiber signal characteristic comprises an acoustic sensing core characteristic and a temperature sensing auxiliary characteristic, the acoustic sensing core characteristic comprises a vibration signal amplitude value, a vibration signal main frequency and a signal to noise ratio, and the temperature sensing auxiliary characteristic comprises a temperature change gradient and a temperature stabilizing time.
5. The method for optimizing optical fiber monitoring and early warning according to claim 2, wherein the training process of the soil optical fiber signal mapping model comprises the following steps: collecting a first optical fiber signal of each monitoring unit under a normal working condition and a second optical fiber signal of each monitoring unit under different risk working conditions; Abnormal data rejection is carried out on the first optical fiber signal and the second optical fiber signal, and a target optical fiber signal is obtained; Matching the target optical fiber signals in the same time period with soil parameters in the pipeline soil database to obtain a complete sample; Normalizing soil parameters in the complete sample to obtain a target complete sample; dividing the target complete sample to obtain a training set, a verification set and a test set; And training the soil optical fiber signal mapping model through the training set, the verification set and the test set to obtain a trained soil optical fiber signal mapping model.
6. The method for optimizing optical fiber monitoring and early warning according to claim 1, wherein the determining the optical fiber monitoring parameters of each monitoring unit according to the parameter optimization direction and the soil optical fiber signal mapping model comprises: inputting the soil parameters of each monitoring unit in the pipeline soil database into the soil optical fiber signal mapping model to obtain theoretical signal characteristic thresholds corresponding to each monitoring unit; And generating and initializing optical fiber monitoring parameters corresponding to the monitoring units based on the parameter optimization direction and the theoretical signal characteristic threshold, wherein the optical fiber monitoring parameters comprise sampling frequency and early warning signal threshold.
7. The method for optimizing optical fiber monitoring and early warning according to claim 1, wherein the performing optical fiber monitoring and early warning on the real-time signal feature according to the optical fiber monitoring parameter to obtain an early warning result comprises: setting triggering early warning conditions corresponding to each soil type; Judging whether the optical fiber monitoring parameters and the real-time signal characteristics meet the triggering early warning conditions corresponding to the soil types of the units to be monitored; If yes, determining that the unit to be monitored has risks; if not, determining that the unit to be monitored is not at risk.
8. The fiber optic monitoring and early warning optimization method of claim 1, further comprising: Comparing the real-time signal characteristics with the optical fiber monitoring parameters to obtain a deviation rate; and when the deviation rate is greater than a preset threshold value, adjusting the optical fiber monitoring parameters of the unit to be monitored according to the soil property parameters to be detected.
9. The fiber optic monitoring and early warning optimization method of claim 1, further comprising: Evaluating the optical fiber monitoring parameters of the plurality of monitoring units to obtain an evaluation result; when the optimal effect is poor in the evaluation result, determining the poor soil quality type in a monitoring unit corresponding to the poor optimal effect; Collecting soil parameters and optical fiber signal characteristics corresponding to the poor soil types again, and supplementing the soil parameters and the optical fiber signal characteristics to the pipeline soil database; And retraining and optimizing parameters of the soil optical fiber signal mapping model through the supplemented pipeline soil database to obtain updated optical fiber monitoring parameters of each monitoring unit.
10. An optical fiber monitoring and early warning optimizing device is characterized by comprising: The database construction module is used for constructing a pipeline soil database of soil parameters and optical fiber signal characteristics of all soil types in a plurality of monitoring units on the oil and gas pipeline, and determining the parameter optimization direction of each soil type; The parameter determining module is used for determining the optical fiber monitoring parameters of each monitoring unit according to the parameter optimizing direction and the soil optical fiber signal mapping model; The parameter optimization module is used for determining a target parameter optimization direction based on the soil type of the unit to be monitored and collecting soil parameters to be detected and real-time signal characteristics of the unit to be monitored according to the target parameter optimization direction; The result determining module is used for carrying out optical fiber monitoring and early warning on the real-time signal characteristics according to the optical fiber monitoring parameters to obtain an early warning result; And the report determining module is used for obtaining an early warning report according to the soil parameters to be detected and the soil fiber signal mapping model when the early warning result is that the risk exists.

Description

Optical fiber monitoring early warning optimization method and device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas pipeline safety monitoring, in particular to an optical fiber monitoring early warning optimization method and device. Background In the age of rapid growth of energy industry demands, accurate prevention and control and timeliness early warning of pipeline optical fibers become key points of pipeline safety control. The oil and gas transmission pipeline is used as a core infrastructure for energy transportation, and the safe operation of the oil and gas transmission pipeline depends on an efficient monitoring and early warning technology. In the prior art, the distributed optical fiber sensing technology has the advantages of real-time, long-distance and all-weather monitoring, and is widely applied to risk early warning scenes such as pipeline leakage and third party damage. However, the conventional optical fiber monitoring scheme generally ignores the influence of the soil property difference along the pipeline on the monitoring effect, so that the monitoring signal is distorted, and the early warning accuracy is insufficient. Therefore, an urgent need is to provide an optical fiber monitoring early warning optimization method and device, which solve the technical problems that the existing optical fiber monitoring scheme in the prior art generally ignores the influence of the soil property difference along the pipeline on the monitoring effect, so that the monitoring signal is distorted and the early warning accuracy is insufficient. Disclosure of Invention In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to provide an optical fiber monitoring, early warning and optimizing method and device, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the existing optical fiber monitoring scheme generally ignores the influence of the soil property difference along the pipeline on the monitoring effect, resulting in distortion of the monitoring signal and insufficient early warning accuracy. In order to solve the above problems, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical fiber monitoring and early warning optimization method, including: constructing a pipeline soil database of soil parameters and optical fiber signal characteristics of all soil types in a plurality of monitoring units on an oil gas pipeline, and determining the parameter optimization direction of each soil type; determining the optical fiber monitoring parameters of each monitoring unit according to the parameter optimization direction and the soil optical fiber signal mapping model; Determining a target parameter optimization direction based on the soil type of a unit to be monitored, and collecting soil parameters to be detected and real-time signal characteristics of the unit to be monitored according to the target parameter optimization direction; performing optical fiber monitoring and early warning on the real-time signal characteristics according to the optical fiber monitoring parameters to obtain early warning results; And when the early warning result is that the risk exists, acquiring an early warning report according to the soil parameters to be detected and the soil fiber signal mapping model. In one possible implementation, the constructing a pipe soil database including soil parameters and fiber optic signal characteristics for all soil types on an oil and gas pipe includes: defining a plurality of monitoring units along the oil and gas pipeline, and collecting a plurality of parallel soil samples of the monitoring units; laboratory analysis is carried out on the plurality of parallel soil samples, and the soil type and the soil parameters of each monitoring unit are determined; and constructing a pipeline soil database based on the soil type and the soil parameters. In one possible implementation, the demarcating a plurality of monitoring units along the oil and gas pipeline and collecting a plurality of parallel soil samples of the plurality of monitoring units includes: Taking the central line of the oil gas pipeline as a reference, extending main influence areas in the pipeline burial depth range to two sides respectively to obtain a sampling belt; Dividing the sampling belt into monitoring units and soil types based on a pipeline design diagram and a line topography diagram to obtain a soil dividing result, wherein the soil dividing result comprises monitoring units divided according to a preset first interval in a conventional section, monitoring units divided according to a second interval smaller than the first interval in a special section and additionally arranged at a soil difference boundary; Marking the sampling belt according to the pipeline design drawing, the line topography drawing and the soil property dividing result to obtain a plurality of sampling points; collecting longitude and latitude coordinates of a plurality of sampling points on all monito