CN-122020498-A - Intelligent analysis method and system for damage of heating surface of boiler

CN122020498ACN 122020498 ACN122020498 ACN 122020498ACN-122020498-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of boiler operation monitoring and fault diagnosis, in particular to an intelligent analysis method and system for damage of a heating surface of a boiler. The method comprises the steps of firstly dividing a target boiler heating surface into a plurality of analysis areas, establishing a symmetrical reference area, a homofunctional reference area and a homofunctional reference area, acquiring state data of each analysis area, establishing a short-time diagnosis window when a damaged suspicious point of the heating surface appears, determining net recovery quantity through sequential exchange short-time soot blowing actions, determining abnormal center migration quantity through opposite direction local combustion distribution adjustment, determining relative recovery quantity through lifting load actions, reserving and deleting preset damage types, determining the target damage types and outputting analysis results. The method can distinguish smoke side adhesion, combustion deflection, local flow abnormality, local cooling deficiency, metal degradation and abnormal measuring point.

Inventors

WU LIPING
GUO YUNFEI
PENG KANG
ZHOU SHENGHUA
KUANG CHENGYU
GAO JIANGPENG
CHEN JUNYAN
Semeti Adeli River
XU LI
WANG NANNAN

Assignees

新疆宇澄热力股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260416

Claims (10)

1. The intelligent analysis method for the damage of the heating surface of the boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, dividing a heating surface of a target boiler into a plurality of analysis areas, and establishing a symmetrical reference area, a same-effect reference area and a same-loop reference area for each analysis area; S2, acquiring state data of each analysis area, determining the analysis area with the damaged suspicious points of the heated surface as a target analysis area when the suspicious points of the heated surface appear in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of any analysis area, and establishing a short-time diagnosis window; S3, in the short-time diagnosis window, controlling the key operation parameters of the boiler to be in a preset fluctuation range, and enabling all diagnosis actions to be started to be executed from the same target base line range; s4, after the target baseline range is restored, executing twice local combustion distribution adjustment with opposite directions and equal amplitude on a combustor group coupled with the target analysis area, and determining abnormal center migration quantity; after the target baseline range is restored, small-amplitude load rising action and small-amplitude load reducing action with equal amplitude are executed, and the relative return difference of the target analysis area relative to the same-loop reference area is determined; S5, reserving and deleting the preset damage type based on the net recovery amount, the abnormal center migration amount and the relative recovery amount, determining the target damage type, and outputting a corresponding analysis result.
2. The intelligent analysis method for damage to heating surfaces of boilers according to claim 1, wherein the S1 specifically comprises: Dividing a heating surface of a target boiler into a plurality of analysis areas according to a medium flow path; for each analysis zone, determining an analysis zone symmetrical to the position of the analysis zone in the boiler structure as the symmetrical reference zone; determining an analysis area acted by the same soot blower as the same-action reference area; an analysis zone located in the same header and the same parallel branch is determined as the same-loop reference zone.
3. The intelligent analysis method for damage to heating surfaces of boilers according to claim 1, wherein the S2 specifically comprises: acquiring wall temperature data, smoke temperature data, steam temperature data, flow data and pressure data corresponding to each analysis area; Determining the wall temperature deviation amount based on the wall temperature data corresponding to each analysis area and the wall temperature data corresponding to the symmetrical reference area; determining a smoke temperature deviation amount based on the smoke temperature data corresponding to each analysis area and the smoke temperature data corresponding to the same-effect reference area; Determining a loop deviation amount based on the steam temperature data, the flow data and the pressure data corresponding to each analysis area and the steam temperature data, the flow data and the pressure data corresponding to the same-loop reference area; And when the wall temperature deviation amount, the smoke temperature deviation amount and the loop deviation amount all exceed corresponding preset thresholds in a plurality of continuous sampling periods, determining that the damage suspicious points of the heating surface occur in the corresponding analysis area, and establishing the short-time diagnosis window.
4. The intelligent analysis method for damage to a heated surface of a boiler according to claim 1, wherein the controlling the critical operating parameters of the boiler to be in a preset fluctuation range and enabling each diagnostic action to be performed from the same target baseline range specifically comprises: Respectively controlling the main load, the total air quantity, the total coal feeding quantity and the total water reducing quantity within corresponding preset fluctuation ranges; before the next diagnostic action is executed, the key operation parameters of the boiler are restored to the same target baseline range as the initial time of the previous diagnostic action; And selecting a minimum action amplitude which meets the amplification difference and does not exceed a safety upper limit from a preset action amplitude table according to the current abnormality degree of the target analysis area, the safety boundary of the boiler and the minimum resolvable requirement of the corresponding diagnosis action.
5. The intelligent analysis method for damage to heated surfaces of boilers as recited in claim 1, wherein the determining the net recovery amount of the target analysis zone comprises: firstly, performing a first short-time soot blowing action on a soot blower corresponding to the target analysis area, and after a response enters a preset stability judgment interval, performing a second short-time soot blowing action on the same-effect reference area to obtain a first recovery amount and a first accompanying variation amount; after the target baseline range is restored, a third short-time soot blowing action is firstly carried out on the same-effect reference area, and after a response enters a preset stable judgment interval, a fourth short-time soot blowing action is carried out on the target analysis area to obtain a second recovery amount and a second accompanying variation amount; determining the amount of net recovery anchored to the target analysis zone according to: Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, Indicating the amount of net recovery that is to be achieved, Representing a first amount of recovery of the target analysis zone after performing the first short-time sootblowing action, Representing a first concomitant variation of the target analysis zone caused by the interaction reference zone when the second short-time sootblowing action is performed, Representing a second recovery amount of the target analysis zone after performing the fourth short-time sootblowing action, Representing a second concomitant variation of the target analysis zone caused by the interaction reference zone when the third short-time sootblowing action is performed.
6. The intelligent analysis method for damage to heated surfaces of boilers according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the abnormal center migration amount specifically comprises: after the target baseline range is restored, increasing the coal feeding amount of the burner group at one side of the target analysis area and synchronously reducing the coal feeding amount of the burner group at the other side so as to execute the local combustion distribution adjustment in the first direction; after the target baseline range is restored again, reducing the coal feeding amount of the burner group at one side of the target analysis area and synchronously increasing the coal feeding amount of the burner group at the other side so as to execute the local combustion distribution adjustment in the second direction; Collecting the heat deviation distribution of the target analysis area, the symmetrical reference area and the adjacent analysis area under the adjustment of twice local combustion distribution; and respectively determining abnormal center positions corresponding to the two times of local combustion distribution adjustment, and determining the abnormal center migration amount based on the displacement amount between the two times of abnormal center positions.
7. The intelligent analysis method for damage to heated surfaces of boilers according to claim 1, wherein the determining the relative amount of return of the target analysis zone relative to the co-circuit reference zone comprises: After the target baseline range is restored, executing a small-amplitude load lifting action of a first preset amplitude value; after the target baseline range is restored again, executing small-amplitude load reduction action which is equal to the first preset amplitude value once; acquiring wall temperature data of the target analysis area and the same-loop reference area in an overlapping load interval corresponding to two actions and under the same load value; determining a lifting difference value of the target analysis area under the same load value; Determining the median value of the lifting difference value of the same-loop reference area under the same load value; and determining the relative return difference according to the median value of the lifting difference of the target analysis area under the same load value and the lifting difference of the same loop reference area under the same load value.
8. The intelligent analysis method for damage to a heating surface of a boiler according to claim 1, wherein the reserving the preset damage type specifically comprises: Pre-establishing a preset damage type set comprising smoke side attachments, combustion deflection types, local flow abnormality types, local cooling deficiency types, metal degradation types and measuring point abnormality types; when the net recovery exceeds a first threshold, retaining the smoke-side attachments; Retaining the combustion skew class when the abnormal center migration volume exceeds a second threshold; retaining the local flow anomaly class, the local undercooling class, and the metal degradation class when the relative return difference exceeds a third threshold; When a stable response rule is not formed under the short-time soot blowing action, the local combustion distribution adjustment, the small-amplitude load lifting action and the small-amplitude load reducing action, and the abnormality is only concentrated on a single measuring point, the abnormal class of the measuring point is reserved; The preset lesion types to be preserved constitute a candidate set.
9. The intelligent analysis method for damage to a heated surface of a boiler according to claim 8, wherein in S5, deleting the preset damage type in the candidate set and determining the target damage type, specifically includes: setting corresponding deleting conditions for each preset damage type respectively; when any preset damage type simultaneously meets the corresponding deletion condition under two groups of diagnosis actions, deleting the preset damage type from the candidate set; When one preset damage type is remained in the candidate set, determining the remained preset damage type as a target damage type; When more than two preset damage types remain in the candidate set, determining a main damage type and a secondary damage type according to preset priority, and outputting a corresponding analysis result.
10. A intelligent analysis system for boiler heating surface damage, characterized by comprising: The analysis zone construction unit is used for dividing a plurality of analysis zones for the heating surface of the target boiler and establishing a symmetrical reference zone, a homofunctional reference zone and a homoloop reference zone for each analysis zone; The state data acquisition unit is used for acquiring state data of each analysis area, determining the analysis area with the damaged suspicious point of the heating surface as a target analysis area when the damaged suspicious point of the heating surface appears in any analysis area in a plurality of continuous sampling periods, and establishing a short-time diagnosis window; The system comprises a target analysis zone, a short-time soot blowing action, a net recovery quantity determination unit, a target soot blowing action generation unit and a target soot blowing action generation unit, wherein the target analysis zone and a reference zone with the same function are sequentially interchanged for two times; The migration quantity and return difference determining unit is used for determining the abnormal center migration quantity by executing twice local combustion distribution adjustment with opposite directions and equal amplitudes on the burner group coupled with the target analysis area after the migration quantity and return difference determining unit is restored to the target baseline range; after the target baseline range is restored, small-amplitude load rising action and small-amplitude load reducing action with equal amplitude are executed, and the relative return difference of the target analysis area relative to the same-loop reference area is determined; And the damage type determining unit is used for reserving and deleting the preset damage type based on the net recovery amount, the abnormal center migration amount and the relative return amount, determining the target damage type and outputting a corresponding analysis result.

Description

Intelligent analysis method and system for damage of heating surface of boiler Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of boiler operation monitoring and fault diagnosis, in particular to an intelligent analysis method and system for damage of a heating surface of a boiler. Background The coal-fired boiler is used as core heat energy equipment in a steam supply system of a power station, a public engineering station and a petroleum refining and oilfield combination station, and long-term bears the tasks of steam generation, heat supply and heat conversion. With the intensive development of large-scale thermal power generating units, continuous refining devices and matched thermodynamic systems for oil and gas exploitation, boiler operation is judged by relying on manual inspection and single-point meters in early stage, and the operation mode based on multi-parameter acquisition, on-line monitoring and automatic control is gradually developed, and real-time identification and analysis of the safety state of a heating surface also become important requirements for guaranteeing long-period stable operation of the boiler. The existing boiler heating surface damage judgment is dependent on single measuring point overrun, static threshold alarming or trend analysis under a single working condition, and when the coupling working conditions such as coal quality fluctuation, soot blowing disturbance, load lifting and petroleum refining device steam demand change are faced, smoke side adhesion, combustion deflection, local flow abnormality, insufficient cooling and measuring point abnormality are easily mixed with each other, and comparison and judgment are difficult to be carried out on different analysis areas under a unified baseline, so that damage positioning inaccuracy, type identification inaccuracy and analysis result stability are caused, and therefore, an intelligent analysis method and system for boiler heating surface damage are needed to solve the problems. Disclosure of Invention (One) solving the technical problems Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent analysis method and system for damage of a heating surface of a boiler, and solves the problems. (II) technical scheme In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the intelligent analysis method for damage of the heating surface of the boiler comprises the following steps: S1, dividing a heating surface of a target boiler into a plurality of analysis areas, and establishing a symmetrical reference area, a same-effect reference area and a same-loop reference area for each analysis area; S2, acquiring state data of each analysis area, determining the analysis area with the damaged suspicious points of the heated surface as a target analysis area when the suspicious points of the heated surface appear in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of any analysis area, and establishing a short-time diagnosis window; S3, in the short-time diagnosis window, controlling the key operation parameters of the boiler to be in a preset fluctuation range, and enabling all diagnosis actions to be started to be executed from the same target base line range; s4, after the target baseline range is restored, executing twice local combustion distribution adjustment with opposite directions and equal amplitude on a combustor group coupled with the target analysis area, and determining abnormal center migration quantity; after the target baseline range is restored, small-amplitude load rising action and small-amplitude load reducing action with equal amplitude are executed, and the relative return difference of the target analysis area relative to the same-loop reference area is determined; S5, reserving and deleting the preset damage type based on the net recovery amount, the abnormal center migration amount and the relative recovery amount, determining the target damage type, and outputting a corresponding analysis result. Further, the S1 specifically includes: Dividing a heating surface of a target boiler into a plurality of analysis areas according to a medium flow path; for each analysis zone, determining an analysis zone symmetrical to the position of the analysis zone in the boiler structure as the symmetrical reference zone; determining an analysis area acted by the same soot blower as the same-action reference area; an analysis zone located in the same header and the same parallel branch is determined as the same-loop reference zone. Further, the step S2 specifically includes: acquiring wall temperature data, smoke temperature data, steam temperature data, flow data and pressure data corresponding to each analysis area; Determining the wall temperature deviation amount based on the wall temperature data corresponding to each analysis area and the wall temperature data corresponding to the symmetrical reference area; determining a smoke temperature deviation a