CN-122020527-A - Water and soil conservation monitoring data acquisition and management method

CN122020527ACN 122020527 ACN122020527 ACN 122020527ACN-122020527-A

Abstract

The invention provides a water and soil conservation monitoring data acquisition and management method, which comprises the steps of S1, acquiring multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data through a plurality of monitoring terminals deployed in a water and soil conservation monitoring area, S2, receiving the multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data by a data preprocessing server, preprocessing the data to generate standardized monitoring data, S3, receiving the standardized monitoring data by a water and soil conservation management server, calling a built-in water and soil loss analysis model to calculate to generate a water and soil conservation state index, and S4, storing the standardized monitoring data and the water and soil conservation state index into a space-time database by the water and soil conservation management server, and visually displaying and early warning. The invention can realize accurate monitoring and efficient management of the soil and water conservation state, improves the monitoring efficiency, the data accuracy and the early warning capability, and provides scientific basis for soil and water conservation decision-making.

Inventors

LI ZHEN
CHEN PINGPING
LI JIANXING
WANG BO
GAO FEI
LIU WENMIN
Yu Tanwei
WANG MIN

Assignees

中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260122

Claims (10)

1. The water and soil conservation monitoring data acquisition and management method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, collecting multisource water and soil conservation monitoring data through a plurality of monitoring terminals deployed in a water and soil conservation monitoring area; s2, the data preprocessing server receives the multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data, performs data preprocessing and generates standardized monitoring data; S3, the water and soil conservation management server receives the standardized monitoring data, and calls a built-in water and soil loss analysis model to calculate so as to generate a water and soil conservation state index; and S4, the water and soil conservation management server stores the standardized monitoring data and the water and soil conservation state indexes into a space-time database, and performs visual display and early warning.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises: S11, collecting soil erosion power data through a soil sensor, wherein the soil erosion power data comprises rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, wind speed and wind direction; s12, acquiring earth surface response data through an earth surface sensor, wherein the earth surface response data comprise earth surface runoff, soil moisture content and soil compactness; s13, acquiring vegetation coverage data by a vegetation sensor, wherein the vegetation coverage data comprises vegetation types and vegetation spectral reflectivities; S14, collecting topography data through a topography sensor, wherein the topography data comprise gradient, slope length and elevation; And S15, each monitoring terminal packages the collected soil erosion power data, the ground surface response data, the vegetation coverage data and the topography data into the multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data, and sends the multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data to the data preprocessing server through a wireless communication network.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step S2 comprises: s21, the data preprocessing server analyzes and decodes the received multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data; s22, performing data cleaning on the analyzed multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data, wherein the data cleaning comprises removing abnormal values exceeding a preset physical range, and filling the missing values by adopting a time sequence linear interpolation method; S23, carrying out data fusion on the cleaned multisource water and soil conservation monitoring data, and fusing the soil erosion power data, the ground surface response data, the vegetation coverage data and the topography data of the same geographic coordinate position and the same time stamp into a structured data record; and S24, carrying out normalization processing on the fused structured data records, so that monitoring data with different dimensions and orders are converted into a [0,1] interval, and generating the standardized monitoring data.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the step S3, the soil erosion analysis model includes a soil erosion calculation sub-model and a vegetation coverage calculation sub-model, and the step S3 specifically includes: S31, the water and soil conservation management server extracts rainfall intensity, gradient, vegetation spectral reflectivity and soil compactness in the standardized monitoring data; S32, calling the soil loss amount calculation operator model, and calculating the soil loss amount based on the rainfall intensity, the gradient and the soil compactness; S33, calling the vegetation coverage calculation sub-model, and calculating vegetation coverage based on the vegetation spectral reflectivity; And S34, generating the water and soil conservation state index based on the soil loss amount and the vegetation coverage.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S32, the soil erosion amount operator model is a correction model based on real-time erosion dynamics, and the calculating step includes: S321, calculating single-field rainfall kinetic energy E according to the rainfall intensity I and the rainfall duration T, wherein a calculation formula is as follows: wherein For the intensity of the rainfall in the period t, Is the period length; S322, according to the water content of the soil And the soil compactness SC calculates the soil corrosion resistance coefficient The calculation formula is as follows: wherein 、、 Is an empirical coefficient calibrated based on soil type; S323, according to the single rainfall kinetic energy E, the gradient S, the gradient length L and the soil corrosion resistance coefficient Calculating the real-time soil loss The calculation formula is as follows: wherein m and n are topography index factors; s324, the real-time soil loss amount is calculated As the soil loss amount.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S33, the vegetation coverage calculation sub-model has a calculation formula: Wherein, the Represents the vegetation coverage and NDVI represents the normalized vegetation index, NIR is near infrared band reflectivity, R is red band reflectivity, and the NIR and R are extracted from the vegetation spectral reflectivity; NDVI value of pure bare soil pixel; And represents the NDVI value of the pure vegetation pixels.
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein in the step S34, the soil and water conservation state index is generated based on the soil loss amount and the vegetation cover, specifically comprising the steps of: s71, the soil erosion amount obtained by calculation is obtained by the soil and water conservation management server And the vegetation coverage ; S72, the soil loss amount is calculated And the vegetation coverage Inputting the erosion state decision model into a pre-constructed erosion state decision model; s73, the erosion state decision model inputs the soil loss according to a plurality of preset erosion threshold conditions And the vegetation coverage Performing synchronous logic judgment; S74, outputting corresponding state grades according to the logic judgment result, wherein the state grades comprise excellent, light erosion, moderate erosion, heavy erosion and severe erosion; S75, the soil loss amount is calculated The vegetation coverage And the state grades are packaged together to generate the water and soil conservation state indexes.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein storing the data in the spatio-temporal database in step S4 specifically comprises: s81, constructing a space-time data table, wherein the structure of the space-time data table comprises a record ID, longitude coordinates, latitude coordinates, altitude, a data acquisition time stamp, and all data item fields in the standardized monitoring data and the soil and water conservation state indexes; S82, performing space-time data cleaning and association, namely recording a plurality of data from the same monitoring terminal on a continuous time sequence, sequencing according to the data acquisition time stamps, and performing association binding with the equipment ID of the monitoring terminal; S83, creating a space-time combined index, and based on the longitude coordinate, the latitude coordinate and the data acquisition timestamp field, creating a space-time composite index combining an R tree and a B tree to accelerate the query of a specific geographic area and a specific time range; And S84, performing data compression and partition storage, partitioning historical monitoring data according to time dimension, and storing the data in each partition by adopting a column type storage and lightweight compression algorithm to optimize storage space and query performance.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the step S4 of visually displaying specifically includes: s91, calling a geographic information system engine, and loading a digital elevation model base map of the soil and water conservation monitoring area; S92, dynamically rendering a monitoring point diagram layer based on the space-time database, mapping the longitude coordinate and the latitude coordinate of each monitoring point to the base diagram, and marking by using icons with different colors and shapes according to the state level; S93, generating a space-time variation thermodynamic diagram, taking the base diagram as a substrate, and based on the soil loss of all monitoring points in a preset grid Generating a soil loss intensity spatial distribution thermodynamic diagram through a gradient coloring algorithm; And S94, providing an interactive space-time analysis interface, responding to the region frame selection and time slider operation of a user on the visual interface, inquiring and refreshing the water and soil conservation state indexes in the selected space-time range from the space-time database in real time, and generating a change trend graph.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the performing early warning in step S4 specifically includes: s101, setting a multi-stage early warning rule, wherein the early warning rule comprises a first-stage rule which is that the state grade is heavy erosion or severe erosion, and a second-stage rule which is that the soil loss is generated The third level rule is that monitoring points exceeding a set proportion in the same subarea trigger a first level rule or a second level rule at the same time; S102, real-time monitoring and rule matching are carried out, and the water and soil conservation management server matches the water and soil conservation state indexes with the multilevel early warning rules after generating new water and soil conservation state indexes each time; s103, generating a differential early warning report, and if the matching is successful, automatically generating an early warning report containing the early warning level, the triggering position, the triggering time, key index data and the variation trend according to the triggering rule level; S104, executing the multi-channel pushing of the early warning information, synchronously pushing the early warning report to a preset manager terminal display interface through a message queue, and sending the early warning report to a mobile terminal and an email box of a relevant responsible person through a short message interface and an email interface in a formatted text form.

Description

Water and soil conservation monitoring data acquisition and management method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation monitoring, in particular to a water and soil conservation monitoring data acquisition and management method. Background Soil and water conservation is an important measure for maintaining ecological balance and guaranteeing sustainable development of agricultural production. With the rapid development of social economy and the aggravation of human activities, the water and soil loss problem is increasingly serious, and a plurality of negative effects are caused on the ecological environment and the human society. In order to effectively monitor and manage soil and water conservation conditions, conventional approaches rely primarily on manual field surveys and a small number of fixed monitoring sites. Although these methods can provide information about soil and water conservation to some extent, there are a number of limitations. For example, manual field investigation consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, the timeliness and comprehensiveness of data acquisition are poor, the distribution of fixed monitoring stations is sparse, and dynamic change conditions of water and soil conservation in a large-range area are difficult to comprehensively reflect. In addition, the traditional monitoring data processing mode is simpler, the deep integration and analysis of multi-source data are lacked, and the accurate assessment of the soil and water conservation state and the timely early warning of the soil and water conservation state are difficult. In the process of realizing the embodiment of the invention, the prior art has at least the following problems or defects that the comprehensiveness and instantaneity of monitoring data acquisition are insufficient, the accurate monitoring requirement on the dynamic change of water and soil conservation cannot be met, the data preprocessing and analyzing capability is limited, the multisource monitoring data cannot be effectively fused and the accurate water and soil conservation state indexes can not be generated, the efficiency of data query and analysis is low due to the lack of an efficient space-time data storage and management mechanism, and the visual display and early warning functions are imperfect, so that the water and soil conservation condition is difficult to visually present and the targeted early warning information is difficult to timely send. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a water and soil conservation monitoring data acquisition and management method, which comprises the following steps: s1, collecting multisource water and soil conservation monitoring data through a plurality of monitoring terminals deployed in a water and soil conservation monitoring area; s2, the data preprocessing server receives the multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data, performs data preprocessing and generates standardized monitoring data; S3, the water and soil conservation management server receives the standardized monitoring data, and calls a built-in water and soil loss analysis model to calculate so as to generate a water and soil conservation state index; and S4, the water and soil conservation management server stores the standardized monitoring data and the water and soil conservation state indexes into a space-time database, and performs visual display and early warning. Further, the step S1 specifically includes: S11, collecting soil erosion power data through a soil sensor, wherein the soil erosion power data comprises rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, wind speed and wind direction; s12, acquiring earth surface response data through an earth surface sensor, wherein the earth surface response data comprise earth surface runoff, soil moisture content and soil compactness; s13, acquiring vegetation coverage data by a vegetation sensor, wherein the vegetation coverage data comprises vegetation types and vegetation spectral reflectivities; S14, collecting topography data through a topography sensor, wherein the topography data comprise gradient, slope length and elevation; And S15, each monitoring terminal packages the collected soil erosion power data, the ground surface response data, the vegetation coverage data and the topography data into the multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data, and sends the multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data to the data preprocessing server through a wireless communication network. Further, the step S2 specifically includes: s21, the data preprocessing server analyzes and decodes the received multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data; s22, performing data cleaning on the analyzed multi-source water and soil conservation monitoring data, wherein the data cleaning comprises removing abnormal values exceeding a preset physical range, and filling the missing values by