CN-122020830-A - Indoor evacuation layout optimization method and system for guide layout

CN122020830ACN 122020830 ACN122020830 ACN 122020830ACN-122020830-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of computer simulation and optimization algorithms, and provides an indoor evacuation layout optimization method and system for guide layout. The method comprises the steps of firstly constructing an evacuation model comprising space boundaries, exit positions, width and pedestrian distribution, taking the positions, the sizes and the orientations of the guides as optimization variables under the condition of unchanged exit layout, setting space and safety constraints, generating a guide layout scheme based on a myxobacteria algorithm, and comprehensively evaluating evacuation time, crowd density and exit utilization rate through simulation. According to the method, the arrangement of the guide objects is optimized, the crowd flowing structure is improved, the crowding degree is reduced, the overall evacuation efficiency is improved, and a basis can be provided for indoor design and emergency evacuation optimization.

Inventors

HAN YANBIN
LI RUNHAO
NIU SIJIE
LI LIANG
HOU QINGTAO

Assignees

济南大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260416

Claims (7)

1. An indoor evacuation layout optimization method for guide-oriented layout is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) An indoor evacuation scene model is constructed, wherein an indoor evacuation space is abstracted into a two-dimensional plane area, fixed outlet layout parameters are imported, the outlet layout parameters comprise outlet positions and outlet widths, and an initial pedestrian distribution state is set, so that a unified evacuation simulation environment is established; 2) Under the condition of fixed outlet layout, taking the guide as a layout optimization variable, parametrizing the space position, the geometric dimension and the orientation of the guide, and establishing geometric constraints and safety distance constraints between the guide and the outlet, the building boundary and other guides so as to limit the feasible solution space of the guide layout; 3) Randomly initializing the guide layout parameters by adopting a mucobacteria algorithm to generate an initial population containing a plurality of groups of guide layout schemes, wherein each individual corresponds to a complete group of guide layout schemes; 4) The crowd evacuation simulation is executed, namely the guide layout scheme is introduced into an evacuation scene model, and simulation is carried out on the motion behavior of pedestrians in an emergency state based on a speed obstacle model, so that the motion speed and the position state of the pedestrians can be dynamically updated according to the interaction relationship between the pedestrians and surrounding pedestrians, the guide and the building boundary; 5) Calculating evacuation performance indexes, namely calculating the evacuation performance indexes corresponding to each guide layout scheme according to evacuation simulation results, wherein the evacuation performance indexes comprise total evacuation time, maximum local crowd density and outlet utilization rate, and constructing a multi-target fitness function based on the evacuation performance indexes; 6) Updating the guide layout parameters, namely iteratively updating the guide layout parameters according to individual fitness values by utilizing a shrinkage-expansion search mechanism of a mucosae algorithm, and adjusting the search direction by a weight adjustment strategy based on fitness so as to obtain new guide layout candidate solutions; 7) And (3) stopping optimizing and outputting a result, namely repeatedly executing evacuation simulation, layout parameter updating and individual selection processes until a preset termination condition is met, wherein the termination condition comprises that the maximum iteration number is reached or the change of the adaptability is smaller than a set threshold value, and finally outputting an optimal guide layout scheme and a corresponding evacuation performance index.
2. An indoor evacuation layout optimization method for guide-oriented layout according to claim 1, The indoor evacuation scene model constructed in the step 1) is a two-dimensional plane model, the two-dimensional plane model is limited by an indoor space boundary, a guide laying area is positioned inside the space boundary, and the position and the width of an outlet are kept unchanged in the whole optimization process.
3. An indoor evacuation layout optimization method for guide-oriented layout according to claim 1, The guide is represented by adopting a parameterized modeling mode, and the parameters of each guide at least comprise a guide center position coordinate, a geometric dimension parameter and an orientation angle parameter, and the parameters are randomly initialized within a preset value range to generate a guide layout initial population.
4. A method of optimizing an indoor evacuation layout for a lead-oriented layout according to claim 1, wherein the lead layout is required to meet the following constraints simultaneously: The center of the guide is positioned in a preset feasible area; Maintaining a preset minimum safety distance between the guide and the outlet; a preset safety distance is kept between the guide object and the boundary of the indoor space; no geometrical overlap or unreasonable contact between the plurality of guides occurs.
5. A method of optimizing a lead-oriented indoor evacuation layout according to claim 1, wherein during an optimization iteration, when a lead layout solution violates the constraint, it is screened by a feasibility decision strategy or its adaptation value is reduced by introducing a penalty function to reduce the generation of infeasible solutions during subsequent iterations.
6. The indoor evacuation layout optimization method for guide layout according to claim 1, wherein the fitness function takes total evacuation time as a core evaluation index, and is comprehensively evaluated by combining maximum local crowd density and pedestrian collision cost, and the comprehensive fitness function is constructed by multi-index normalization processing and a dynamic weight weighting mode and is used for optimizing and searching a guide layout scheme.
7. An indoor evacuation layout optimization system for implementing the guide-oriented layout of the method of claim 1, comprising: The data input module is used for acquiring indoor building space structure data, outlet position and outlet width information and initial pedestrian distribution data; the scene modeling module is used for constructing an indoor evacuation scene model according to the building space structure data and establishing a feasible passage area and a space boundary in the scene model; the guide modeling module is used for carrying out parameterization modeling on the guide and generating a guide layout parameter set, wherein the guide layout parameter at least comprises the space position, the geometric dimension and the orientation angle of the guide; The evacuation simulation module is used for introducing a guide layout scheme into the constructed indoor evacuation scene model, and simulating evacuation behaviors of pedestrians under emergency conditions based on the speed obstacle model so as to acquire pedestrian movement tracks and evacuation performance data; The layout optimization module is used for carrying out iterative updating on the guide layout parameters based on the mucosae algorithm, and constructing a fitness function according to the evacuation performance index so as to drive a layout optimization searching process; The constraint management module is used for detecting whether the guide layout scheme meets the preset space constraint condition or not, and processing the layout scheme which does not meet the constraint condition in a boundary restoration or punishment function mode; And the result output module is used for outputting the optimized guide layout scheme and the corresponding evacuation performance index.

Description

Indoor evacuation layout optimization method and system for guide layout Technical Field The invention relates to the field of computer simulation and optimization algorithms, in particular to a layout optimization method and system for improving indoor crowd evacuation efficiency through combination optimization of guide parametric modeling and optimization algorithm under the condition of fixed outlet layout. Background With the continuous advancement of the urban process, the number of large public buildings such as commercial complexes, exhibition halls, transportation hubs, stadiums and the like is continuously increased, and the buildings often have the phenomenon of high-density crowd gathering in peak time periods. Once an emergency such as fire and earthquake occurs, people need to evacuate quickly within a limited time, and if the evacuation organization is improper, secondary disasters such as congestion and trampling are easy to cause. Therefore, improving the efficiency and safety of personnel evacuation inside a building has become an important research problem in the field of building safety engineering. The existing researches are mainly focused on the aspect of optimizing the outlet layout, such as improving the evacuation efficiency by adjusting parameters such as the number, the position and the width of the outlets, however, in the actual building space, besides the outlet structure, the indoor space structure and the local facility layout can also obviously influence the flowing of people, and structures such as upright posts, partitions, diversion facilities and the like can possibly block the flowing of people, and can also play roles in guiding the flowing direction of people, dispersing density peaks and improving the utilization balance of the outlets when reasonably arranged. In recent years, researches show that the reasonable arrangement of barriers or guide structures in the area upstream of the exit can improve evacuation efficiency under certain conditions, but the effect of the guide has obvious scene dependence, the effect of the guide is closely related to factors such as space structure, crowd density, guide arrangement position and the like, and the stable effect is difficult to obtain only by determining the guide layout in an empirical or manual mode. Meanwhile, with the development of computer simulation technology, crowd evacuation simulation methods have been widely used for building safety evaluation, however, existing researches focus on simulation analysis of evacuation processes under given layout conditions, and lack of calculation methods for system optimization of indoor guide layout schemes. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method for generating and optimizing the indoor guide layout scheme by combining crowd evacuation simulation and intelligent optimization algorithm, so as to improve the evacuation efficiency of the building. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to improve the existing indoor evacuation layout optimization method, only pay attention to the outlet structure and ignore the influence of the indoor layout structure on crowd evacuation, and provides an indoor evacuation layout optimization method and system which are jointly optimized through guide parametric modeling and a myxobacteria algorithm under the condition of fixed outlet layout, so that the overall evacuation efficiency is improved, and the local congestion risk is reduced. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An indoor evacuation layout optimization method facing to guide layout comprises the following steps: 1) An indoor evacuation scene model is constructed, wherein an indoor evacuation space is abstracted into a two-dimensional plane area, fixed outlet layout parameters are imported, the outlet layout parameters comprise outlet positions and outlet widths, and an initial pedestrian distribution state is set, so that a unified evacuation simulation environment is established; 2) Under the condition of fixed outlet layout, taking the guide as a layout optimization variable, parametrizing the space position, the geometric dimension and the orientation of the guide, and establishing geometric constraints and safety distance constraints between the guide and the outlet, the building boundary and other guides so as to limit the feasible solution space of the guide layout; 3) Randomly initializing the guide layout parameters by adopting a mucobacteria algorithm to generate an initial population containing a plurality of groups of guide layout schemes, wherein each individual corresponds to a complete group of guide layout schemes; 4) The crowd evacuation simulation is executed, wherein the guide layout scheme is introduced into an evacuation scene model, simulation is carried out on the movement behavior of pedestrians in an emergency state based on a speed obstacle model, and the movement speed and the po