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CN-122020969-A - Parameter optimization method for low-speed small-bending-angle rotary cultivator with rotary blades

CN122020969ACN 122020969 ACN122020969 ACN 122020969ACN-122020969-A

Abstract

The invention provides a low-speed small-bending-angle rotary cultivator parameter optimization method, which belongs to the field of agricultural mechanized equipment, and comprises the steps of analyzing, researching and optimizing the bending angle of a conventional rotary cultivator blade, the edge angle of the rotary cultivator blade and the revolving body rotating speed, carrying out 3-factor and 3-level orthogonal tests on the rotary cultivator by taking the bending angle alpha of the rotary cultivator blade, the edge angle beta of the rotary cultivator blade and the revolving body rotating speed n as test factors and taking the soil breaking rate M and the torque T as evaluation indexes, carrying out the range and variance analysis on test results, and obtaining a better structural parameter combination, wherein the better structural parameter combination is that the bending angle alpha of the rotary cultivator blade is=132 degrees, the edge angle beta of the rotary cultivator blade is=20 degrees, the revolving body rotating speed n is=150 r/min, and according to actual production requirements, the better structural parameter combination is that the bending angle alpha=132+/-5 degrees of the rotary cultivator is provided with the edge angle beta=20+/-2 degrees, and the revolving body rotating speed n is=150+/-10 r/min. The parameter optimization method is novel, the structural parameter combination is reasonable, the soil breaking rate is high, and the load of the machine tool is small.

Inventors

  • DU PENG
  • WANG HAOCHEN
  • CHEN QI
  • LI XIAODONG

Assignees

  • 山东工智科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251229

Claims (5)

  1. 1. A low-speed small-bending-angle rotary blade rotary cultivator parameter optimization method is characterized in that an existing bending angle of a rotary blade (21), an edge angle of the rotary blade (21) and a rotating speed of a rotating body (2) are analyzed, studied and optimized, 3 factors and 3 horizontal orthogonal tests are carried out on a machine tool by taking a bending angle alpha of the rotary blade (21), an edge angle beta of the rotary blade (21) and a rotating speed n of the rotating body (2) as test factors, a soil breaking rate M and a torque T as evaluation indexes, and after the test results are subjected to extremely poor and variance analysis, a better structural parameter combination is obtained, wherein the bending angle alpha of the rotary blade (21) is=132 degrees, the edge angle beta of the rotary blade (21) is=20 degrees, the rotating speed n of the rotating body (2) is=150 r/min, and the better structural parameter combination is adjusted to be that the bending angle alpha=132+/-5 degrees of the rotary blade (21) and the edge angle beta=20+/-2 DEG n=150+/-10 r/min of the rotating body (2) according to actual production requirements.
  2. 2. The low-speed small-bending-angle rotary cultivator parameter optimization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the rotary cultivator optimized according to the preferred structural parameter combination comprises a frame (1), a revolving body (2) and a transmission assembly (3).
  3. 3. The rotary cultivator with optimized combination of preferred structural parameters obtained by the low-speed small bending angle rotary cultivator parameter optimization method according to claim 2 is characterized in that the frame (1) comprises a cross beam (11), end plates (12), a depth limiting plate (13), a hanging frame (14), a shield (15), a guard plate (16) and an elastic component (17), wherein two ends of the 2 cross beam (11) are fixedly connected through the 1 end plates (12), the 2 cross beam (11) are mutually parallel, the surfaces of the 2 end plates (12) are mutually parallel, the surfaces of the end plates (12) are perpendicular to the cross beam (11), 1 depth limiting plate (13) in an arc shape is respectively arranged at the same side edge of the plane of the 2 end plates (12) relative to the 2 cross beam (11), the hanging frame (14) in a gantry shape is arranged in the middle of the 1 cross beam (11), the plane of the hanging frame (14) is parallel to the cross beam (11), the gantry of the hanging frame (14) extends outwards in the direction away from the depth limiting plate (13), one side of the 2 cross beam (11) away from the shield (13), the guard plate (16) is arranged on one side of the shield (13), the two sides of the shield (16) are not hinged to the outer edges (16) of the hanging frame (11) are arranged on the two sides of the guard plate (16) along the length limiting plate (11), the 2 elastic components (17) are arranged above the protective cover (15) and compress the protective plate (16) on the outer edge of the 2 depth limiting plates (13), the frame (1) is hung at the rear of the tractor through the hanging frame (14), the protective plate (16) is positioned at one side far away from the tractor, and the 2 depth limiting plates (13) face downwards.
  4. 4. The rotary cultivator with optimized combination of preferred structural parameters obtained by the low-speed small-bending-angle rotary cultivator parameter optimization method according to claim 2, wherein the rotary cultivator body (2) comprises rotary cultivation blades (21) and cutter shafts (22), the rotary cultivation blades (21) are formed by combining a section of plane installation section and a section of curved surface soil breaking section, the bending angle of the curved surface soil breaking section relative to the plane installation section is alpha and (pi/2) < alpha pi, the soil breaking blades are formed after edges of one side plate surface of the curved surface soil breaking section of the rotary cultivation blades (21) are chamfered, the cutting angle between the chamfer surface and the other side plate surface is beta and 0< beta </pi/2), the rotary cultivation blades (21) are symmetrically and uniformly arranged on the whole length of the cutter shafts (22) in pairs, the curved surface soil breaking sections of the rotary cultivation blades (21) are bent towards two ends of the cutter shafts (22) along the length direction of the cutter shafts (22), the soil breaking blades of the rotary cultivation blades (21) face the same circumference direction of the cutter shafts (22), and the rotary cultivation blades (2) are respectively arranged on two end plates (12) of the rotary cultivation blades (2) and are arranged on a frame (11) near to a cross beam (11) of the rotary cultivation frame (1).
  5. 5. The rotary cultivator optimized according to the preferred structural parameter combination obtained by the low-speed small-bending-angle rotary cultivator parameter optimization method according to claim 2 is characterized in that the transmission assembly (3) comprises a gearbox (31), an end transmission (32), a transverse shaft (33) and a transmission shaft (34), wherein the gearbox (31) is arranged above the middle part of a cross beam (11) of a frame (1) where a suspension bracket (14) is not arranged, the end transmission (32) is arranged on the outer side surface of a 1-piece end plate (12) of the frame (1), a power output hole of the end transmission (32) is sleeved at an extending end of a cutter shaft (22) of the revolving body (2) after one end penetrates through the end plate (12), and two ends of the transverse shaft (34) are respectively connected with the power output hole of the gearbox (31) and the power input hole of the end transmission (32), and one end of the transmission shaft (34) is connected with an input shaft of the gearbox (31), and the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with a power output shaft of a tractor.

Description

Parameter optimization method for low-speed small-bending-angle rotary cultivator with rotary blades Technical Field The invention provides a low-speed small-bending-angle rotary cultivator parameter optimization method, belongs to the field of agricultural mechanized equipment, and is mainly used for tillage operation before sowing various crops. Background China is a large country for planting crops, and the crop yield and quality are improved due to the large amount of various agricultural tools, but the tires or caterpillar tracks of the agricultural tools can compact soil, so that a firm plow bottom layer can be formed by plowing at the same depth for a long time, the root system of the crops is seriously influenced to downwards grow to absorb water and nutrients, and the crop yield is reduced. At present, various soil tillage agricultural tools are cultivated, but the most commonly used rotary tillage machine can form broken soil layers in rotary tillage operation, increase the soil porosity and not easily cause soil nutrient loss, so that the soil can be improved, and the crop yield is improved. The soil breaking rate is an important evaluation index of the rotary cultivator, and is generally required to be more than or equal to 60 percent. In actual production, the higher soil breaking rate means that a revolving body formed by combining rotary blades and cutter shafts needs to be provided with higher rotating speed and sharper rotary blades, and the rotary blades and rotating speed of the conventional rotary cultivator are tested, so that the average soil breaking rate is 61.25%, and the average torque is up to 785.13N m. This also means that the rotary cultivator is subjected to a greater load, which not only greatly increases the energy consumption of the rotary cultivator, but also is very liable to cause damage to the machine. If the soil breaking rate does not meet the requirement, the soil loosening effect is affected, and the expected yield of crops is not achieved. Therefore, a great deal of research and improvement is being conducted on rotary tillers, but the soil crushing effect and the load and energy consumption reduction are not compatible. How to balance the relation between the load and the soil breaking rate of the rotary cultivator becomes a key point and a difficult point of the rotary cultivator in the design process. In view of the current situation of agricultural mechanized equipment industry, a low-speed small-bending-angle rotary cultivator parameter optimization method with reasonable structural parameters, high soil crushing rate, small tool load, low energy consumption and high operation reliability is urgently needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a low-speed small-bending-angle rotary cultivator parameter optimization method which can overcome the problems of the existing agricultural mechanized equipment industry, and has the advantages of novel parameter optimization method, reasonable combination of structural parameters, high soil breaking rate, small machine load and high operation reliability. The technical scheme includes that the bending angle of an existing rotary blade, the edge angle of the rotary blade and the revolving body rotating speed are analyzed, studied and optimized, the bending angle alpha of the rotary blade, the edge angle beta of the rotary blade and the revolving body rotating speed n are used as test factors, the soil breaking rate M and the torque T are used as evaluation indexes to carry out 3-factor and 3-level orthogonal tests on machines, and after the test results are subjected to extremely poor and variance analysis, a better structural parameter combination is obtained, wherein the bending angle alpha=132 DEG of the rotary blade, the edge angle beta=20 DEG of the rotary blade and the revolving body rotating speed n=150 r/min, and the better structural parameter combination is adjusted to be that the bending angle alpha=132+/-5 DEG of the rotary blade, the edge angle beta=20+/-2 DEG of the revolving body rotating speed n=150+/-10 r/min according to actual production requirements. The rotary cultivator with the low-speed small bending angle rotary blade comprises a frame, a revolving body and a transmission assembly. The rotary cultivator with the optimized combination of the preferred structural parameters, which is obtained by the low-speed small-bending-angle rotary cultivator parameter optimization method, comprises a cross beam, end plates, a depth limiting plate, a hanging frame, a protective cover, protective plates and elastic components, wherein two ends of the 2 cross beams are fixedly connected through the 1 end plates, the 2 cross beams are parallel to each other, the 2 end plate surfaces are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the cross beam, the 1 arc-shaped depth limiting plate is respectively arranged at the same side edge of the plane of the 2 end plates relative to the 2 cross beams, the