CN-122020988-A - Antenna near-field coupling partitioning method for antenna scattered radiation collaborative design

Abstract

An antenna near-field coupling partitioning method for planar antenna scattered radiation collaborative design relates to the technical field of antennas. Firstly, acquiring electromagnetic field distribution data of an antenna at a target working frequency, then, calculating field function partition criterion indexes of a space around the antenna according to the electromagnetic field distribution data to divide a function area of an antenna near field, and finally, dividing the function area of the antenna near field according to the field function partition criterion indexes and loading different electromagnetic function structures in different function areas. The invention adopts systematic and quantifiable design criteria for near-field coupling partition of the planar antenna and guides layout of electromagnetic functional structures with different functions, thereby realizing cooperative decoupling design of antenna radiation performance and scattering performance.

Inventors

• CHEN HAIYAN
• XUE ZHICHAO
• YAO XIN
• QIN YIFEI
• Chu Tongchuan

Assignees

• 电子科技大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260107

Claims (8)

1. 1. An antenna near field coupling partitioning method for antenna scattered radiation collaborative design is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1, acquiring electromagnetic field distribution data of an antenna at a target working frequency; step 2, calculating a field function partition criterion index of the space around the antenna according to the electromagnetic field distribution data so as to divide a function area of the near field of the antenna; And step 3, dividing the functional areas of the antenna near field according to the field functional partitioning criterion index, and loading different electromagnetic functional structures in different functional areas.
2. 2. The antenna near field coupling partitioning method for antenna scattered radiation co-design according to claim 1, wherein the calculating process of the step 2 field function partitioning criterion index is: (1) Calculating a complex Potentilla vector of the space around the antenna according to the electromagnetic field distribution data; (2) Decomposing the complex Potentilla vector into a real part and an imaginary part to obtain active power density and reactive power density, and calculating the ratio of the norm of the reactive power density to the norm of the active power density to obtain a criterion index power ratio R; (3) And calculating the gradient of the norm of the reactive power density and the gradient of the norm of the active power density, wherein the ratio of the reactive power density norm gradient to the active power density norm gradient is the dynamic leading index D of the criterion index field.
3. 3. The method for antenna near field coupling partition for antenna scattered radiation co-design according to claim 2, wherein the step 3 of partitioning the functional area is performed by Is a strong coupling region, satisfying Is a transition zone, satisfying Is a weak coupling region.
4. 4. The method for antenna near field coupling partition for antenna scattered radiation collaborative design according to claim 3, wherein loading of different electromagnetic functional structures in different functional areas comprises loading radiation-regulated electromagnetic functional structures in a strong coupling area, gradually loading or leaving white in a transition area, and loading scattering-regulated electromagnetic functional structures in a weak coupling area.
5. 5. The method for antenna near field coupling partitioning for antenna scattered radiation co-design of claim 4, wherein said scattering regulated electromagnetic functional structure is an electromagnetic wave absorbing material or an artificial electromagnetic structure.
6. 6. The antenna near field coupling zoning method for antenna scattered radiation co-design of claim 4, wherein the scattering regulated electromagnetic functional structure is a hollow gradual horn configuration.
7. 7. An antenna near field coupling partitioning method for antenna scattered radiation collaborative design is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, obtaining a complex Potentilla vector according to electromagnetic field distribution in a planar antenna space: (1) Wherein, the Representing the spatial electric field intensity vector, Representing the vector of the spatial magnetic field strength, Representing the conjugation of the spatial magnetic field intensity vector; Step 2, decomposing the complex Potentilla vector into a real part and an imaginary part: (2) Wherein, the Representing the real part of the complex poynting vector, Representing the imaginary part of the complex poynting vector, Representing the binary norm, real part, of the vector Representing the active power density of the power source, Representing reactive power density; Calculating to obtain a near field partition criterion index power ratio R: (3) step 3, calculating a gradient operator for the active power density and the reactive power density: ; (4) Wherein the method comprises the steps of Representing the reactive power gradient of the reactive power, Representing the active power decay rate; calculating to obtain a near field partition criterion index field dynamic leading index D: (5) step 4, dividing the antenna near field region into different functional areas: Satisfy the following requirements Is a strong coupling region, satisfying Is a transition zone, satisfying Is a weak coupling region Step 5, loading an electromagnetic functional structure according to the divided functional areas: loading a radiation regulation type electromagnetic function structure in the strong coupling area; in the transition region, gradual change type loading or white-keeping treatment is carried out according to design requirements, so that smooth transition of impedance is realized; And loading a scattering regulation type electromagnetic functional structure in the weak coupling region.
8. 8. The method for antenna near field coupling partitioning for antenna scattered radiation co-design of claim 7, wherein said scattering regulated electromagnetic functional structure is an electromagnetic wave absorbing material or an artificial electromagnetic structure.

Description

Antenna near-field coupling partitioning method for antenna scattered radiation collaborative design Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna near-field coupling partitioning method for the co-design of scattered radiation of a planar antenna (particularly a microstrip antenna). Background As a special type of scatterer, an antenna needs to normally receive/transmit electromagnetic waves while maintaining low RCS characteristics, which are often contradictory to each other, and thus low RCS design of the antenna is extremely difficult. Currently, antennas have become an important source of scattering for low detectable platforms, and low RCS antenna designs have become the main research direction. In low RCS antenna designs, it is often desirable to collect electromagnetic functional structures in the vicinity of the antenna, such as wave absorbing materials or artificial structures for reducing Radar Cross Section (RCS), artificial electromagnetic structures for enhancing antenna radiation performance, and the like. In order to ensure miniaturization of the antenna platform, the integrated electromagnetic functional structures are all in the near field region of the antenna, and the close-range layout inevitably causes strong coupling effect between the radiation near field of the antenna and the electromagnetic functional structures. Such strong coupling can interfere with the precise surface current distribution that the antenna relies on to achieve efficient radiation, with the end result typically being degraded impedance matching, distortion of the radiation pattern, and reduced gain of the antenna. Meanwhile, the coupling characteristic which is difficult to control brings great difficulty to the design of an integrated electromagnetic function structure of the antenna radiation scattering collaborative design. Therefore, how to fundamentally inhibit near field coupling between the antenna and the additional electromagnetic functional structure and realize the collaborative design of radiation performance and the electromagnetic functional structure (such as wave absorption and cancellation) is a technical problem to be solved in the technical field of the current low-RCS antenna. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problem of performance deterioration caused by near field strong coupling between antenna radiation and an integrated electromagnetic function structure (such as a wave absorbing material or an artificial electromagnetic structure) in the existing low RCS planar antenna (particularly a microstrip antenna), and provides an antenna near field coupling partitioning method for antenna scattered radiation collaborative design. The invention provides a systematic and quantifiable design criterion which is used for near-field coupling partition of a planar antenna and guides layout of electromagnetic function structures with different functions (radiation enhancement or wave absorption/scattering control), so that collaborative decoupling design of radiation performance and scattering performance of the antenna is realized. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: An antenna near field coupling partition method for antenna scattered radiation collaborative design is used for functionally dividing an antenna near field region according to physical characteristics (propagation and storage) and spatial change rate of near field energy of a planar antenna, and determining different functional partitions to load corresponding electromagnetic functional structures. An antenna near field coupling partitioning method for planar antenna scattered radiation co-design comprises the following steps: Step 1, obtaining a complex Potentilla vector according to electromagnetic field distribution in a space around a planar antenna: (1) Wherein, the Representing the spatial electric field intensity vector,Representing the vector of the spatial magnetic field strength,Representing the conjugate of the spatial magnetic field strength vector,Representing a complex poynting vector; Step 2, decomposing the complex Potentilla vector into a real part and an imaginary part: (2) Wherein, the Representing the real part of the complex poynting vector,Representing the imaginary part of the complex poynting vector,Representing the binary norm, real part, of the vectorRepresenting the active power density of the power source,Representing reactive power density; and then calculating to obtain a near field partition criterion index power ratio R according to the obtained reactive power density and active power density: (3) the magnitude of R characterizes the relative dominant relationship of the antenna stored energy (reactive power) and the propagation energy (active power); step 3, establishing a rectangular coordinate system by using the planar antenna, and respectively solving gradient operators for the active power densit