CN-122021004-A - Design method, equipment and medium of multi-physical field coupling very low frequency antenna

CN122021004ACN 122021004 ACN122021004 ACN 122021004ACN-122021004-A

Abstract

The application discloses a design method, equipment and medium of a very low frequency antenna with multiple physical field couplings, which comprises the steps of defining multiple design working conditions according to multi-mode meteorological data of an antenna erection target area, calculating comprehensive specific load acting on a wire under the target working conditions, constructing a state equation based on catenary theory, solving space geometric form parameters of the wire under the target working conditions through a numerical iteration method by taking the comprehensive specific load as input, constructing a parameterized antenna three-dimensional model according to the space geometric form parameters, carrying out full-wave electromagnetic simulation to obtain electrical performance parameters under the antenna target working conditions, judging whether the electrical performance parameters meet preset design requirements, and if not, carrying out iterative optimization until the preset design requirements under all the target working conditions are met. The application solves the problem of performance prediction distortion caused by neglecting dynamic coupling in the prior art by constructing a closed loop analysis link of meteorological load-wire form-electromagnetic response.

Inventors

WU HUANING
AI WENCHENG
XIE HUI
FENG HUITING

Assignees

中国人民解放军海军工程大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260121

Claims (10)

1. A method for designing a multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna, comprising: Defining a plurality of design working conditions according to multi-mode meteorological data of an antenna erection target area, and calculating the comprehensive specific load acting on the lead under the target working conditions; constructing a state equation based on catenary theory, taking the comprehensive specific load as input, and solving the space geometric form parameters of the lead under the target working condition through a numerical iteration method; Constructing a parameterized antenna three-dimensional model according to the space geometric form parameters, and performing full-wave electromagnetic simulation to obtain electrical performance parameters under the antenna target working condition; And judging whether the electrical performance parameters meet preset design requirements, and if not, performing iterative optimization until the preset design requirements under all target working conditions are met.
2. The method for designing a multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein the defining a plurality of design conditions according to the multi-modal weather data of the antenna erection target area and calculating the comprehensive specific load acting on the conductor under the target condition further comprises: The defined design working conditions comprise a windless and ice-less working condition, an ice load working condition and a wind load working condition; when the working condition of no wind and no ice is adopted, the self-weight ratio is calculated according to the unit length mass, the cross section area and the gravitational acceleration of the lead; when the ice load working condition is adopted, calculating ice load specific load according to ice density, ice coating thickness, diameter of the lead and sectional area; when the wind load working condition is adopted, calculating the wind load specific load according to the air density, the wind speed, the wind load body shape coefficient, the icing thickness, the diameter of the wire and the sectional area; and calculating the comprehensive specific load acting on the lead according to the dead weight specific load, the ice load specific load and the wind load specific load based on the target working condition.
3. The method for designing a multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein the constructing a state equation based on catenary theory, taking the integrated ratio load as an input, solves a space geometry parameter of a wire under a target working condition by a numerical iteration method, and further comprises: establishing a coordinate system, and constructing a state equation according to the coordinates of the wire hanging points and the wire parameter information based on a catenary theory; Inputting the comprehensive specific load into the state equation, and solving the target state stress through a numerical iteration method; and solving the space geometric parameters of the lead under the target working condition according to the target state stress and the comprehensive specific load corresponding to the target working condition.
4. The method for designing a multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna according to claim 3, wherein said establishing a coordinate system and constructing a state equation based on wire suspension point coordinates and wire parameter information based on catenary theory, further comprises: Establishing a coordinate system by taking a preset point position as an origin, and establishing a catenary initial equation based on a catenary theory; Respectively calculating boundary conditions, inclination angles and tension of the suspension points according to the coordinates of the suspension points; substituting the boundary condition, the inclination angle and the tension of the suspension point into the catenary initial equation to obtain a state equation.
5. The method for designing a multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna according to claim 4, wherein the state equation is: ; , horizontal tension at the lowest point of the wire in state a and state b, respectively; , the comprehensive ratio load under two states is obtained; , E is the elastic modulus; is the linear expansion coefficient; Is the gear distance.
6. The method for designing a multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein said constructing a parameterized antenna three-dimensional model according to said spatial geometry parameters and performing full wave electromagnetic simulation to obtain electrical performance parameters under antenna target conditions further comprises: In an electromagnetic simulation environment, taking the space geometric form parameter as input, driving a geometric modeling engine to generate a three-dimensional space curve as a top load line of the antenna; Determining a feeding point on the top load line, and establishing a down-lead structure connected to a preset ground model downwards according to the feeding point; The generated top load line, the generated down-lead structure and the preset ground model are taken as simulation objects together, and excitation sources and solver parameters of corresponding working frequency bands are set; And running full-wave electromagnetic simulation calculation through the excitation source and the solver parameters to obtain the electrical performance parameters under the antenna target working condition.
7. The method for designing a multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein said determining whether the electrical performance parameter meets a preset design requirement, if not, performing iterative optimization until the preset design requirement under all target conditions is met, comprises: Comparing the electrical performance parameters under all target design working conditions obtained through simulation with corresponding preset design thresholds one by one, and identifying working conditions and performance short plates which do not meet preset design requirements; based on the performance short plate, reversely determining a plurality of initial mechanical design parameters which are most sensitive to the influence of the performance short plate as optimization variables; And adjusting the numerical value of the optimized variable, and carrying out full-wave electromagnetic simulation again by taking the adjusted parameter as a new input until the electrical performance parameters under all target working conditions meet the corresponding preset design requirements.
8. A multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna design apparatus, comprising: The specific load calculation module is configured to define various design working conditions according to multi-mode meteorological data of an antenna erection target area and calculate the comprehensive specific load acting on the lead under the target working conditions; the state solving module is configured to construct a state equation based on catenary theory, takes the comprehensive ratio load as input, and solves the space geometric form parameters of the lead under the target working condition through a numerical iteration method; The electromagnetic simulation module is configured to construct a parameterized antenna three-dimensional model according to the space geometric form parameters, perform full-wave electromagnetic simulation and acquire electrical performance parameters under antenna target working conditions; And the iterative optimization module is configured to judge whether the electrical performance parameters meet preset design requirements, and if not, iterative optimization is performed until the preset design requirements under all target working conditions are met.
9. A multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna design apparatus comprising at least one processing unit and at least one memory unit, wherein the memory unit stores a computer program which, when executed by the processing unit, causes the processing unit to perform the steps of the multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna design method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A storage medium storing a computer program executable by a multiphysics-coupled very low frequency antenna design device, the computer program causing the multiphysics-coupled very low frequency antenna design device to perform the steps of the multiphysics-coupled very low frequency antenna design method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 when the computer program is run on the multiphysics-coupled very low frequency antenna design device.

Description

Design method, equipment and medium of multi-physical field coupling very low frequency antenna Technical Field The present application relates to the field of antenna design technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a medium for designing a very low frequency antenna with multiple physical field coupling. Background Very low frequency (VLF, 3-30 kHz) antennas are key facilities for implementing remote, ultra-remote communications and navigation. Because the working wavelength is extremely long (10-100 km), the physical height of hundreds of meters to the upper kilometer is required to be reached in order to realize efficient radiation of the traditional vertical mast antenna, and the engineering is subjected to the serious constraints of high construction cost, high structural stability challenge, outstanding electromagnetic compatibility problem and the like. In order to break through this bottleneck, in recent years, a very low frequency antenna scheme using natural valley topography to erect a large-span horizontal or inclined wire as a top load has been attracting attention. The scheme can effectively reduce the height of the supporting structure, realize physical expansion by utilizing the terrain, and show good engineering feasibility and application potential. Currently, for the design of such valley very low frequency antennas, a decoupling analysis mode is commonly adopted by conventional practice. Firstly, in the design stage of a mechanical structure, engineers generally calculate the mechanical state of a wire under specific meteorological conditions (such as maximum wind and icing) according to the design specification of a circuit, so as to ensure that the mechanical strength and the safety sag of the wire meet the requirements, but the process is not directly related to the electromagnetic performance target of an antenna. Subsequently, during the electromagnetic design phase, the antenna engineer performs electromagnetic simulations based on an ideal geometric model (e.g., a parabola that reduces the top load wire to a horizontal straight line or a preset sag) that is assumed to be unchanged to optimize its electrical parameters such as input impedance, radiation efficiency, and effective height. The two phases are independent of each other, and the result of the mechanical design is only one of the static input conditions of the electromagnetic design. However, the above design method fails to take into account the dynamic coupling effect between the meteorological load and the electromagnetic performance of the antenna. Specifically, in a complex weather environment such as wind, ice, and temperature change, the space geometry (sag, nadir position, and overall shape) of the long-span wire of the valley antenna is significantly and continuously dynamically changed. The morphological change directly causes the effective height of the antenna, the distributed capacitance, the inductance and other key electromagnetic parameters to be changed, thereby seriously affecting the input impedance, the radiation characteristic and even the system matching state. In the prior art, the mechanical form is regarded as static or only few extreme working conditions are considered, the real-time electrical performance of the antenna under a series of continuously-changing meteorological conditions cannot be truly reflected, deviation exists between a design model and actual operation working conditions, performance deterioration, mismatch and even failure of the antenna under specific meteorological conditions can be caused, and the reliability and the optimal design level of the high-performance antenna system are severely restricted. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at least one defect or improvement requirement of the prior art, the invention provides a design method, equipment and medium of a multi-physical field coupling very low frequency antenna, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, under the condition of not considering a complex meteorological environment of a valley, the space geometry of a large-span wire can be changed obviously and continuously, so that key electromagnetic parameters such as the effective height, distributed capacitance, inductance and the like of the antenna are changed, and the input impedance, radiation characteristics and even the matching state of the system are seriously influenced. To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for designing a multiple physical field coupled very low frequency antenna, comprising: Defining a plurality of design working conditions according to multi-mode meteorological data of an antenna erection target area, and calculating the comprehensive specific load acting on the lead under the target working conditions; constructing a state equation based on catenary theory, taking comprehensive specific load as input, and solving the space