CN-122021417-A - Hydrological model calibration method, system, equipment and medium for underground water shallow drought irrigation area

CN122021417ACN 122021417 ACN122021417 ACN 122021417ACN-122021417-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of distributed hydrologic models, and discloses a hydrologic model calibrating method, a system, equipment and a medium for a shallow-buried drought irrigation area of underground water, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining data required by the hydrologic model of the irrigation area; dividing the drainage runoff into ground runoff and base stream by adopting a water chemistry end member mixing method, constructing an improved distributed agricultural hydrological model taking the base stream as a calibration target, replacing the traditional main river runoff output by using a total weighted base stream of a river basin outlet, dividing a sub-river basin and carrying out water salt migration simulation, respectively carrying out parameter sensitivity analysis on channel leakage and evapotranspiration and manually calibrating an annual scale target thereof, simultaneously carrying out parameter sensitivity analysis and month scale automatic calibration on the base stream by utilizing a hydrological calibration program, and carrying out iterative calibration until the calibration meets a preset standard. The invention can realize the efficient, objective and accurate calibration of the hydrologic process of the artificial interference strong irrigation area under different time scales and multiple targets.

Inventors

REN DONGYANG
SHAN XIAOQIN
HUANG GUANHUA
Jiang Kongtao
HUANG QUANZHONG
XU XU

Assignees

中国农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260116

Claims (10)

1. The hydrological model calibration method for the groundwater shallow-buried drought irrigation area is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S0, acquiring data required by a hydrological model of a to-be-simulated irrigation area, wherein the data required by the hydrological model comprises any one or any combination of drainage basin attribute and meteorological driving data, hydrological process and boundary data, manual regulation and control interference data and hydrological state and flux inspection data; S1, dividing ditch discharge runoffs of a to-be-simulated irrigation area into surface runoffs and base flows by adopting a water chemistry end member mixing method according to data required by a hydrologic model, and constructing an improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model, wherein the base Flow Q bf is used as a calibration target of the improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model, the output of the improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model is set as the sum of weighted base Flow alpha and Q bf of all sub-watershed above the outlet section of the to-be-simulated irrigation area to obtain the sum Q bf,outlet of total weighted base flows at the outlet of the watershed, and the sum Q bf,outlet of total weighted base flows at the outlet of the watershed is used for replacing the Flow out of main river channel runoffs at the outlet of the watershed; S2, dividing a sub-watershed of a to-be-simulated irrigation area into a plurality of hydrologic response units, and simulating unsaturated zone and shallow groundwater salt migration processes of each hydrologic response unit by utilizing an improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model to obtain simulation data; s3, carrying out channel leakage and evaporation parameter sensitivity analysis based on the principle of an improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model to obtain channel leakage sensitivity parameters and evaporation sensitivity parameters of a to-be-simulated irrigation area, and carrying out parameter sensitivity analysis of a base flow by utilizing a hydrologic calibration program according to simulation data to obtain the sensitivity parameters of the base flow; S4, manually calibrating annual scale channel leakage quantity, water diversion quantity and actual evaporation quantity of the irrigation area to be simulated based on the channel leakage sensitive parameters and the evaporation sensitive parameters obtained in the S3; s5, automatically calibrating the moon scale base flow by utilizing a hydrologic calibration program based on the sensitive parameters of the base flow obtained in the step S3; S6, judging whether the calibration times meet the preset times, if so, executing S7, and if not, repeatedly executing S3-S5 until the calibration times meet the preset times; S7, judging whether the manually-rated annual-scale channel leakage amount, the water diversion amount, the actual evaporation amount and the automatically-rated monthly-scale base flow meet preset calibration standards, if so, ending the rating, and if not, repeatedly executing S4-S6 until the manually-rated annual-scale channel leakage amount, the water diversion amount, the actual evaporation amount and the automatically-rated monthly-scale base flow meet the preset calibration standards.
2. The hydrological model calibration method for a shallow drought and irrigation area of groundwater according to claim 1, wherein S1 comprises: According to the data required by the hydrologic model, the month-by-month drainage amount and the salt drainage amount of the total drainage downstream measuring station of the irrigation area to be simulated and the season by season-degree underground water mineralization degree and the surface water diversion mineralization degree of the underground water quality monitoring well are utilized to divide the month-by-month drainage amount of the total drainage downstream measuring station into month-by-month ground runoff and base stream, and the base stream division for observing the drainage amount is as follows: Wherein D bf is the groundwater displacement, one hundred million m 3 ;TDS gw is the mineralization degree of groundwater, g/L, D sf is the surface runoff, one hundred million m 3 ;TDS wd is the mineralization degree of channel water withdrawal and farmland irrigation water withdrawal, g/L, D salt is the annual salt displacement, one thousand t, D is the annual displacement, one hundred million m 3 ;v gw is the groundwater displacement flow, and m 3 /s;v sf is the surface runoff flow, and m 3 /s.
3. The method for calibrating a hydrological model of a shallow drought-irrigation area facing underground water according to claim 2, wherein in the improved distributed agricultural hydrological model, the base flow Q bf is defined as the sum of lateral runoff and groundwater runoff of the irrigation area to be simulated, and the calculation formula is as follows: Wherein, subscripts represent days i-1 and i, Q gw,i is the groundwater flow flowing into the main river on day i, mm H 2 O;Q gw,i-1 is the groundwater flow flowing into the main river on day i-1, mm H 2 O;α gw is the base flow fading coefficient, and w rchrg,sh is the replenishment amount flowing into the shallow aquifer on day i; Aq sh is the amount of water stored in the shallow aquifer at the beginning of day i, mm H 2 O;aq shthr,q is the threshold level of the contribution of groundwater in the shallow aquifer to the main river, mm H 2 O;Q lat,I is the water discharged from the hillside outlet on day i, mm H 2 O;SW ly,excess is the amount of water that can be discharged per unit area of the hillside saturated zone, mm H 2 O;K sat is the saturated water conductivity, mm H -1 , and slp is the slope; d Is the drainage porosity of the soil, mm -1 ;L hill is the slope length, m, Q bf,i is the groundwater drainage quantity from the ith day to the river, and mm H 2 O.
4. A method of calibrating a hydrological model for a shallow groundwater drought-irrigated area according to claim 3, wherein in the improved distributed agricultural hydrological model, the method of calculating the sum Q bf,outlet of total weighted base flows at the outlet of the watershed comprises: obtaining a month-by-month base stream Q bf,i of each sub-basin of a to-be-simulated irrigation area by utilizing an improved distributed agricultural hydrological model, multiplying the month-by-month base stream Q bf,i of each sub-basin by the area weight alpha i of each sub-basin to obtain a weighted base stream alpha i ·Q bf,i of each sub-basin, and summing the weighted base streams of all sub-basins above the outlet section of the to-be-simulated irrigation area to obtain a simulation base stream Q bf,outlet to be rated of the outlet of the to-be-simulated irrigation area, wherein the formula for calculating the area weight alpha i of each sub-basin and the weighted base stream sum Q bf,outlet of all sub-basins above the outlet section of the basin is as follows: Wherein the subscript represents the i-th sub-basin, A sub,i is the area of the i-th sub-basin, km 2 ;A outlet,i is the sum of the areas of all sub-basins above the outlet section of the basin in the region to be simulated, km 2 , nSubbasin represents the number of all sub-basins above the outlet section of the basin in the region to be simulated, alpha i is the area weight of the i-th sub-basin, Q bf,i is the i-th sub-basin base flow, mm H 2 O;Q bf,outlet is the sum of the weighted base flows of all sub-basins above the outlet section of the basin, and mm H 2 O.
5. The method for calibrating a hydrological model for a shallow drought and irrigation area of groundwater according to claim 4, wherein S2 comprises: when the improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model is built, a preheating period, a rate period and a verification period are defined from the whole simulation period, specifically, the improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model is operated by using default initial parameters, all files in Txtinout files after the model operation is finished are copied to a project newly built by a hydrologic calibration program, a SUFI2 algorithm is selected for parameter sensitivity analysis and calibration, and an output. Rch output file in a Txtinout folder is input into the hydrologic calibration program to be used as an input file of a program execution sequence of the SUFI2 algorithm.
6. The method for calibrating a hydrological model for a shallow drought and irrigation area of groundwater according to claim 5, wherein S3 comprises: Extracting all model input and output files under Txtinout files of the improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model according to the simulation data, inputting the model input and output files into a hydrologic calibration program, and taking the model input and output files as input files for parameter calibration; Extracting river channel arch outlet Flow out of a sub-river basin where a river basin outlet section is located in an output/arch output file of the improved distributed agricultural hydrological model, replacing the river channel arch outlet Flow out of the sub-river basin where the river basin outlet section is located with the calculated sum Q bf,outlet of weighted base flows of all the sub-river basins above the river basin outlet section, and inputting Q bf,outlet into a hydrological calibration program to serve as a simulation base Flow value for parameter calibration; and carrying out parameter sensitivity analysis on the parameters which are set to influence the base flow simulation by adopting a SUFI2 algorithm and a global sensitivity analysis method in a hydrologic calibration program to obtain the sensitive parameters of the base flow of the irrigation area to be simulated.
7. The hydrological model calibration method for a shallow drought and irrigation area of groundwater according to claim 6, wherein S5 comprises: Based on the segmentation result of the ditch discharge runoff of the irrigation area to be simulated, extracting an observed value of the month-by-month base flow value at the outlet section of the river basin of the irrigation area to be simulated, and inputting the observed value into a hydrologic calibration program for parameter sensitivity analysis and month-by-month base flow automatic calibration; And (3) based on the parameter sensitivity analysis result of the step (S4), automatically calibrating the month-by-month basis current value by utilizing a hydrologic calibration program, and performing automatic calibration.
8. The hydrological model calibration system for the groundwater shallow drought irrigation area is characterized by comprising the following components: The data acquisition module is used for executing S0, wherein the data required by the hydrological model of the irrigation area to be simulated comprises any one or any combination of drainage basin attribute and meteorological driving data, hydrological process and boundary data, manual regulation and control interference data, hydrological state and flux inspection data; The construction module is used for executing S1, according to data required by a hydrologic model, a ditch discharge runoff of a to-be-simulated irrigation area is divided into surface runoffs and base flows by adopting a water chemistry end member mixing method, an improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model is constructed, wherein the base Flow Q bf is used as a calibration target of the improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model, the output of the improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model is set to sum the weighted base Flow alpha.Q bf of all sub-watershed above the outlet section of the to-be-simulated irrigation area to obtain the sum Q bf,outlet of the total weighted base Flow at the outlet of the watershed, and the sum Q bf,outlet of the total weighted base Flow at the outlet of the watershed is used for replacing the Flow out of the main river channel at the outlet of the watershed; The simulation module is used for executing S2, dividing the sub-watershed of the irrigation area to be simulated into a plurality of hydrologic response units, and simulating the unsaturated zone and shallow groundwater salt migration process of each hydrologic response unit by utilizing the improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model to obtain simulation data; The analysis module is used for executing S3, carrying out parameter sensitivity analysis of channel leakage, water diversion quantity and evaporation on the basis of the principle of the improved distributed agricultural hydrologic model to obtain a channel leakage sensitive parameter and an evaporation sensitive parameter of a to-be-simulated irrigation area, and carrying out parameter sensitivity analysis of a base flow by utilizing a hydrologic calibration program according to simulation data to obtain a base flow sensitive parameter; the manual calibration module is used for executing S4, and manually calibrating the annual scale channel leakage amount, the water diversion amount and the actual evaporation amount of the irrigation area to be simulated based on the channel leakage sensitive parameter and the evaporation sensitive parameter obtained in S3; the automatic calibration module is used for executing S5, based on the sensitive parameters of the base stream obtained in S3, automatically calibrating the moon scale base stream by utilizing a hydrologic calibration program; The first judging module is used for executing S6, judging whether the calibration times meet the preset times, executing S7 if the calibration times meet the preset times, and repeatedly executing S3-S5 if the calibration times do not meet the preset times; and the second judging module is used for executing S7, namely judging whether the manually-rated annual-scale channel leakage amount, the water diversion amount, the actual evaporation amount and the automatically-rated monthly-scale base flow meet the preset calibration standard, ending the rating if the manually-rated annual-scale channel leakage amount, the water diversion amount and the actual evaporation amount are in accordance with the preset calibration standard, and repeatedly executing S4-S6 if the manually-rated annual-scale channel leakage amount, the water diversion amount and the actual evaporation amount are not in accordance with the automatically-rated monthly-scale base flow, until the manually-rated annual-scale channel leakage amount, the water diversion amount and the actual evaporation amount and the automatically-rated monthly-scale base flow meet the preset calibration standard.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the hydrological model calibration method for shallow groundwater-oriented arid irrigation areas according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the program.
10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the hydrological model calibration method for shallow water-oriented drought and irrigation areas according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Hydrological model calibration method, system, equipment and medium for underground water shallow drought irrigation area Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of distributed hydrologic models, in particular to a hydrologic model calibrating method, a system, equipment and a medium for a shallow-buried drought irrigation area of underground water. Background The drainage flow of the arid irrigation area ditch comprises two parts, namely surface runoff and underground water runoff (i.e. base stream). The surface runoff mainly comprises rainfall runoff, channel water withdrawal, farmland irrigation water withdrawal and ecological water supplement. In addition, because of the uncertainty of irrigation management, the method is particularly influenced by peasant random decisions, so that channel water withdrawal, ecological water supplement and farmland irrigation water withdrawal are difficult to monitor and quantify in real time by manual intervention, have randomness and uncertainty, and the drainage flow of a drainage ditch cannot be rated by adopting a traditional method, namely adjusting the parameters of rainfall runoff. The base flow mainly comprises groundwater drainage and lateral runoff, and is more stable compared with the surface runoff. Especially in the shallow drought irrigation area of groundwater, groundwater-soil water exchange is strong. Aiming at the shallow drought irrigation area of underground water, the key point of high-efficiency and accurate calibration of drainage flow of a drainage ditch is to calibrate the base flow. However, aiming at drought irrigated areas where groundwater is shallow and is greatly influenced by human intervention, the traditional drainage flow calibration of a drainage ditch usually adopts a trial-and-error method to manually calibrate parameters of a distributed agricultural hydrological model, but the traditional method has a plurality of defects that (1) the distributed agricultural hydrological model has a large number of parameters and high correlation, has long simulation time, limits the efficiency and precision of parameter optimization, increases uncertainty of manual calibration due to different parameter co-efficiency, (2) the model parameters are measurable at a point scale and are difficult to expand or re-calibrate at an agricultural basin scale, (3) a plurality of calibration targets are weighed, a base flow process fitting is required to pay attention to when calibrating the runoffs, and the runoffs and the base flows are difficult to reach calibration standards at the same time, (4) experience and subjective judgment of modelers are seriously relied, and the repeatability and objectivity of the result are poor, and the uncertainty range of the parameters is difficult to evaluate. In addition, aiming at drought irrigated areas where groundwater is shallow buried and is affected by uncertainty of irrigation management, channel water withdrawal and field irrigation water withdrawal are carried out, and ecological water supplementing is carried out on tail wetlands by utilizing channels in irrigation intermittent irrigation areas, the two water supplementing flows and water supplementing times in the year have great randomness, and real-time monitoring and quantification are difficult. Therefore, the manual calibration method cannot efficiently and accurately depict the actual agricultural hydrologic process of the shallow-buried drought irrigation area of the underground water. In addition, conventionally, parameter sensitivity analysis and timing of drainage flow rate of a drainage ditch are carried out by means of a parameter calibration program, and only the calibration of drainage flow rate of the drainage ditch can be realized, so that the parameter sensitivity analysis and calibration of a base flow in a shallow drought irrigation area of underground water cannot be realized by the conventional parameter calibration program. Therefore, a new hydrological model calibration method for shallow-buried drought irrigation areas of groundwater is needed to realize more efficient and accurate calibration of multi-objective (such as channel leakage, water diversion, evaporation and base flow) of irrigation areas with different time scales (such as year scale and month scale). Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a hydrological model calibration method, a system, equipment and a medium for a shallow-buried drought irrigation area of underground water, which are used for solving the defects of the prior art. The invention provides a hydrological model calibration method for a shallow-buried drought irrigation area of groundwater, which comprises the following steps: S0, acquiring data required by a hydrological model of a to-be-simulated irrigation area, wherein the data required by the hydrological model comprises any one or any combination of drainage basin attribute and meteorological driving data (comprising meteo