CN-122022022-A - Single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization method and system based on layered decision

Abstract

The invention provides a single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization method and a system based on layered decision, wherein the method comprises the steps of firstly calculating a predicted CII value and judging whether CII reaches the standard based on acquired ship basic parameters and a voyage plan; and if the total voyage is not up to the standard, sequentially trying five-level strategies such as pure voyage optimization, pure biofuel filling, combination of voyage and fuel, pure shift adjustment, shift and biofuel combination according to a progressive sequence until a compliance scheme meeting a target CII rating is generated, and finally outputting a comprehensive operation scheme containing beneficial evaluation information such as a predicted CII value, oil consumption variation, cost variation and voyage variation. The invention realizes the intelligent diversion and multi-strategy coordination of CII compliant paths, gives consideration to the compliance of regulations, economy and operability, and is suitable for the fine management of the single-ship carbon intensity of shipping enterprises.

Inventors

• WANG BIN
• KE JIA
• JIN JIANGANG
• GE JIAPING
• LV XIAOHUAN
• ZHANG YANFEI
• YUAN SIQI

Assignees

• 中远海运集装箱运输有限公司
• 上海交通大学
• 上海船舶运输科学研究所有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260116

Claims (10)

1. 1. A single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization method based on layered decision-making is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, acquiring basic parameters of a ship and a future voyage plan, wherein the basic parameters comprise load tons of the ship, annual voyage distance of the ship, total fuel consumption, fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission factors, and the future voyage plan comprises total voyage period of voyage and voyage time of each voyage period in voyage; S2, calculating a predicted CII value and a predicted CII rating corresponding to the predicted CII value when the predicted CII value is executed under a future voyage plan based on the consumption of a certain fuel, a carbon dioxide emission factor of the fuel, a load and an annual voyage distance of a ship, comparing the predicted CII rating with a preset target CII rating, judging that the CII reaches the standard if the predicted CII rating is superior to or equal to the target CII rating, entering a CII standard-reaching optimized path and executing the step S3, judging that the CII does not reach the standard if the predicted CII rating is inferior to the target CII rating, entering a CII standard-failing forced optimized path and executing the step S4; S3, the CII standard reaching optimization path provides a first optimization sub-path and a second optimization sub-path in parallel according to whether the total voyage is allowed to be adjusted or not; The first optimization sub-path is used for constructing a first decision variable based on a judgment result of whether to adjust the navigation time of each navigation section and constructing a first auxiliary variable associated with the first decision variable based on the total fuel consumption variable; constructing a first objective function based on a first decision variable and a first auxiliary variable, wherein the first objective function aims at minimizing total fuel consumption under the condition of unchanged total voyage period, and aims at limiting the number of the first voyages, limiting the increase of the voyages and limiting the decrease of the voyages as constraints, and solving the first objective function through an optimization algorithm to obtain a voyage adjustment scheme with minimum total fuel consumption; The second optimization sub-path is used for constructing a second decision variable based on a judging result of whether to insert the shift operation in a specific leg and constructing a second auxiliary variable related to the second decision variable based on the total fuel consumption variable, constructing a second objective function based on the second decision variable and the second auxiliary variable, and solving the second objective function through an optimization algorithm under the condition of allowing the total navigational period to be prolonged by taking the minimum total fuel consumption as a target and taking the speed reduction limit of each leg and the limit of the number of the second leg as a constraint to obtain a shift adjustment scheme with the minimum total fuel consumption under the condition of allowing the total navigational period to be prolonged; S4, the CII non-standard forced optimization path sequentially executes the following optimization strategies according to the progressive sequence until a compliance scheme meeting the CII compliance requirement is generated, wherein the optimization strategies comprise: A pure speed optimization strategy, which is to construct a third objective function based on a first decision variable and a first auxiliary variable, wherein the third objective function takes the total fuel consumption as a target under the condition of unchanged total period, takes the speed increment limit and the speed decrement limit of each leg, the first leg quantity limit and the first CII standard limit as constraints, solves the third objective function through an optimization algorithm, and obtains a pure speed compliance scheme meeting the target CII rating and having the minimum total fuel consumption under the condition of unchanged total period if solving is successful and ends the step S4; The pure biofuel optimizing strategy comprises the steps of constructing a fourth objective function based on the biofuel filling amount to be optimized, taking the minimum biofuel filling amount as a target and taking the total first fuel consumption limit and the standard second CII limit as constraints under the condition of unchanged total voyage period and voyage speed, solving the fourth objective function through an optimizing algorithm, obtaining a pure biofuel compliance scheme meeting the target CII rating and having the minimum biofuel filling amount if the solution is successful, and ending the step S4; Constructing a fifth objective function based on a first decision variable and a first auxiliary variable, wherein the fifth objective function aims at total cost minimization under the condition of unchanged total voyage, takes limit of increase of voyage and limit of decrease of voyage, limit of first voyage quantity, limit of total fuel consumption and limit of third CII standard as constraint of each voyage, solves the fifth objective function through an optimization algorithm to jointly optimize voyage speed and biofuel filling quantity of each voyage, obtains a voyage speed and biofuel compliance scheme meeting target CII rating and having minimum total operation cost under the condition of unchanged total voyage if solving is successful and ends the step S4; A sixth objective function is constructed based on a second decision variable and a second auxiliary variable, the sixth objective function aims at minimizing the total fuel consumption under the condition of allowing the total voyage to be prolonged, the limit of the navigational speed reduction of each voyage, the limit of the number of the second voyages and the limit of the fourth CII standard reach are used as constraints, the sixth objective function is solved through an optimization algorithm, if the solution is successful, a pure-shift compliance scheme meeting the target CII rating and minimizing the total fuel consumption under the condition of allowing the total voyage to be prolonged is obtained, and the step S4 is ended; Constructing a seventh objective function based on a second decision variable and a second auxiliary variable, wherein the seventh objective function aims at minimizing the total compliance cost under the condition of allowing the total voyage to be prolonged, aims at limiting the navigational speed reduction of each voyage, limiting the number of the second voyages, limiting the total consumption of the second fuel and limiting the fifth CII to reach standards, solves the seventh objective function through an optimization algorithm to jointly optimize the space shift adjustment and the biofuel filling quantity of each voyage, and obtains a space shift and biofuel compliance scheme which meets the target CII rating and has the minimum total compliance cost under the condition of allowing the total voyage to be prolonged; And S5, outputting a navigational speed adjusting scheme or a shift adjusting scheme containing benefit evaluation information in the step S3 or outputting any compliance scheme containing benefit evaluation information in the step S4, so as to realize the single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization.
2. 2. The single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization method based on hierarchical decision-making according to claim 1, wherein in the SI step, historical operation data of a ship is also obtained, wherein the historical operation data comprises historical total fuel consumption and historical total voyage of the ship; The S3 step is that the first section quantity limiting constraint is constructed according to a first decision variable and a section pair quantity upper limit allowed to be adjusted, the second section quantity limiting constraint is constructed according to a second decision variable and a section pair quantity upper limit allowed to be adjusted, and the speed increasing quantity limiting constraint and the speed decreasing quantity limiting constraint of each section are constructed according to the lowest speed and the highest speed of ship navigation, the range and the navigation time of a certain section in voyage and the first decision variable; In the step S4, the first CII standard-reaching limiting constraint is constructed according to the historical total fuel consumption, the historical total voyage, the voyage total fuel consumption, the voyage of a certain voyage in the voyage, the CII value corresponding to the target CII rating, the first decision variable and the first auxiliary variable; the second CII standard-reaching limitation constraint is constructed according to the historical total fuel consumption, the historical total voyage, the voyage of a certain voyage in the voyage, the CII value corresponding to the target CII rating and the biofuel filling amount, the third CII standard-reaching limitation constraint is constructed according to the historical total fuel consumption, the historical total voyage, the voyage of a certain voyage in the voyage, the biofuel filling amount to be optimized and the associated traditional fuel consumption, the CII value corresponding to the combined target CII rating, the first decision variable and the first auxiliary variable, the fourth CII standard-reaching limitation constraint is constructed according to the historical total fuel consumption, the historical total voyage, the voyage of a certain voyage in the voyage, the CII value corresponding to the target CII rating, the second decision variable and the second auxiliary variable, the fifth CII standard-reaching limitation constraint is constructed according to the historical total fuel consumption, the voyage of a certain voyage in the voyage, the biomass filling amount to be optimized, the traditional fuel filling amount, the CII value corresponding to the combined target CII rating, the first decision variable and the first auxiliary variable, the first total fuel consumption and the second constraint is constructed according to the traditional fuel consumption, the second total voyage of the second fuel consumption and the second constraint.
3. 3. The single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization method based on hierarchical decision according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, calculating a predicted CII value specifically includes: based on the consumption of a certain fuel, the carbon dioxide emission factor of the fuel, the load ton and the annual sailing distance of the ship, a CII calculation formula is adopted to calculate a predicted CII value when the execution is finished under a future voyage plan, and the predicted CII value is shown as the following formula: , Wherein, the To predict CII values; Is fuel Is used in the production of the product, Is fuel A kind of electronic device The emission factor is set to be a function of the emission factor, In order to carry a load of one ton, Is the annual sailing distance.
4. 4. The hierarchical decision-based single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization method according to claim 1, wherein in the second optimization sub-path, the shift-free operation refers to decreasing the voyage speed of a specific voyage segment to a preset economic voyage speed interval and correspondingly increasing the voyage time of the voyage segment, and the decreased voyage speed is within an interval range constructed by the ship based on the lowest speed and the highest speed.
5. 5. The layered decision-based single vessel CII compliance multi-strategy co-optimization method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, said biofuel is a renewable fuel with a lower full life cycle carbon emission factor than traditional fuels, including biodiesel, bio-methanol, and renewable aviation fuels; In the step S5, the benefit evaluation information includes the recommended speed of each leg, the position of the shift leg, the adjusted speed and time, the recommended filling amount and use plan of each type of fuel, the predicted achievement of CII value and rating, the predicted total fuel consumption and total cost change, and the total voyage change.
6. 6. A single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization system based on layered decision is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a predicted CII value calculation and CII standard judgment module, a parallel optimization module in a CII standard state, a progressive optimization module in a CII non-standard state and a decision output module, The data acquisition module acquires basic parameters of the ship, current state data and a future voyage plan, wherein the basic parameters comprise loading tons of the ship, annual voyage distance of the ship, total fuel consumption, fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission factors, and the future voyage plan comprises total voyage period of voyage and voyage time of each voyage period in voyage; The prediction CII value calculation and CII standard-reaching judgment module is used for calculating a prediction CII value and a prediction CII rating corresponding to the prediction CII value when the prediction CII value is completely executed under a future voyage plan based on the consumption of a certain fuel, the carbon dioxide emission factor of the fuel, the load carrying capacity and the annual sailing distance of a ship, comparing the prediction CII rating with a preset target CII rating, judging that the CII is standard-reaching if the prediction CII rating is superior to or equal to the target CII rating, entering a CII standard-reaching optimization path and executing a CII standard-reaching state parallel optimization module, judging that the CII is not standard-reaching if the prediction CII rating is inferior to the target CII rating, entering a CII standard-reaching forced optimization path and executing a CII standard-non-reaching state progressive optimization module; The CII standard-reaching optimization path provides a first optimization sub-path and a second optimization sub-path in parallel according to whether the adjustment of the total voyage is allowed or not; The first optimization sub-path is used for constructing a first decision variable based on a judgment result of whether to adjust the navigation time of each navigation section and constructing a first auxiliary variable associated with the first decision variable based on the total fuel consumption variable; constructing a first objective function based on a first decision variable and a first auxiliary variable, wherein the first objective function aims at minimizing total fuel consumption under the condition of unchanged total voyage period, and aims at limiting the number of the first voyages, limiting the increase of the voyages and limiting the decrease of the voyages as constraints, and solving the first objective function through an optimization algorithm to obtain a voyage adjustment scheme with minimum total fuel consumption; The second optimization sub-path is used for constructing a second decision variable based on a judging result of whether to insert the shift operation in a specific leg and constructing a second auxiliary variable related to the second decision variable based on the total fuel consumption variable, constructing a second objective function based on the second decision variable and the second auxiliary variable, and solving the second objective function through an optimization algorithm under the condition of allowing the total navigational period to be prolonged by taking the minimum total fuel consumption as a target and taking the speed reduction limit of each leg and the limit of the number of the second leg as a constraint to obtain a shift adjustment scheme with the minimum total fuel consumption under the condition of allowing the total navigational period to be prolonged; The CII unqualified forced optimization path sequentially executes the following optimization strategies according to a progressive order until a compliance scheme meeting the CII compliance requirement is generated, wherein the optimization strategies comprise: The pure speed optimization strategy comprises the steps of constructing a third objective function based on a first decision variable and a first auxiliary variable, taking the total fuel consumption as a target under the condition of unchanged total period, taking the speed increment limit and the speed decrement limit of each leg, the first leg quantity limit and the first CII standard reaching limit as constraints, solving the third objective function through an optimization algorithm, obtaining a pure speed compliance scheme meeting the target CII rating and having the minimum total fuel consumption under the condition of unchanged total period if the solution is successful, and ending the operation of the progressive optimization module under the condition that the CII is not standard; The pure biofuel optimizing strategy comprises the steps of constructing a fourth objective function based on the biofuel filling amount to be optimized, taking the biofuel filling amount as a target and taking a first total fuel consumption limit and a second standard limit as constraints under the condition that the total voyage period and the voyage speed are unchanged, solving the fourth objective function through an optimizing algorithm, obtaining a pure biofuel compliance scheme meeting the target CII rating and having the minimum biofuel filling amount if the solution is successful and ending the progressive optimizing module work under the state that the CII does not reach the standard; Constructing a fifth objective function based on a first decision variable and a first auxiliary variable, wherein the fifth objective function aims at total cost minimization under the condition of unchanged total voyage, takes limit of the increase of the voyage and limit of the decrease of the voyage, limit of the number of the first voyages, limit of the total amount of the second fuel consumption and limit of the third CII standard as constraints, solves the fifth objective function through an optimization algorithm to jointly optimize the voyage speed and the biofuel filling amount of each voyage, and if the solution is successful, obtains a voyage and biofuel compliance scheme meeting the target CII rating and having minimum total operation cost and ending the progressive optimization module work under the condition of unchanged total voyage; A sixth objective function is constructed based on a second decision variable and a second auxiliary variable, the sixth objective function aims at minimizing the total fuel consumption under the condition of allowing the total voyage to be prolonged, the limit of the navigational speed reduction of each voyage, the limit of the number of the second voyages and the limit of the fourth CII standard reaching are used as constraints, the sixth objective function is solved through an optimization algorithm, if the solution is successful, a pure-space-class compliance scheme meeting the target CII rating and having the minimum total fuel consumption under the condition of allowing the total voyage to be prolonged is obtained, and the operation of the progressive optimization module under the condition that the CII does not reach the standard is ended is finished; Constructing a seventh objective function based on a second decision variable and a second auxiliary variable, wherein the seventh objective function aims at minimizing the total compliance cost under the condition of allowing the total voyage to be prolonged, aims at limiting the navigational speed reduction of each voyage, limiting the number of the second voyages, limiting the total consumption of the second fuel and limiting the fifth CII to reach standards, solves the seventh objective function through an optimization algorithm to jointly optimize the space shift adjustment and the biofuel filling quantity of each voyage, and obtains a space shift and biofuel compliance scheme which meets the target CII rating and has the minimum total compliance cost under the condition of allowing the total voyage to be prolonged; and the decision output module outputs a navigational speed adjustment scheme or a shift adjustment scheme containing benefit evaluation information in the parallel optimization module under the CII standard-reaching state or any compliance scheme containing benefit evaluation information in the progressive optimization module under the CII non-standard-reaching state, so that single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization is realized.
7. 7. The single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization system based on hierarchical decision-making according to claim 6, wherein historical operational data of a ship is also obtained, the historical operational data comprises historical total fuel consumption and historical total voyage of the ship, the future voyage plan further comprises lowest speed and highest speed of voyage of the ship and voyage of each voyage; The first leg quantity limiting constraint is constructed according to a first decision variable and an upper limit of the number of the leg pairs which are allowed to be adjusted; the second navigation section quantity limiting constraint is constructed according to a second decision variable and a navigation section pair quantity upper limit which is allowed to be adjusted, and the navigation speed increasing quantity limiting constraint and the navigation speed decreasing quantity limiting constraint of each navigation section are constructed according to the lowest speed and the highest speed of the navigation of the ship, the navigation range and the navigation time of a certain navigation section in the navigation time and the first decision variable; The first CII standard-reaching limiting constraint is constructed according to the historical total fuel consumption, the historical total voyage, the voyage total fuel consumption, the voyage of a certain voyage in the voyage, the CII value corresponding to the target CII rating, a first decision variable and a first auxiliary variable; the second CII standard-reaching limiting constraint is constructed according to the historical total fuel consumption, the historical total voyage, the voyage total fuel consumption, the voyage of a certain voyage in the voyage, the CII value corresponding to the target CII rating and the biofuel filling amount; the third CII standard reaching limit constraint is constructed according to the historical total fuel consumption, the historical total voyage, the voyage of a certain voyage in voyage, the biofuel filling amount, the traditional fuel consumption, the CII value corresponding to the target CII rating, the first decision variable and the first auxiliary variable, the fourth CII standard reaching limit constraint is constructed according to the historical total fuel consumption, the historical total voyage, the voyage total fuel consumption, the voyage of a certain voyage in voyage, the CII value corresponding to the target CII rating, the second decision variable and the second auxiliary variable, the fifth CII standard reaching limit constraint is constructed according to the historical total fuel consumption, the historical total voyage, the voyage of a certain voyage in voyage, the biofuel filling amount to be optimized and the associated traditional fuel consumption, the CII value corresponding to the combined target CII rating, the second decision variable and the second auxiliary variable, and the first fuel consumption total constraint is constructed according to the traditional fuel consumption, the biological fuel filling amount and the first fuel consumption total fuel consumption, the first fuel consumption and the second fuel consumption decision variable.
8. 8. The hierarchical decision-based single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy co-optimization system of claim 7, wherein the calculating the predicted CII value in the predicted CII value calculation and CII compliance determination module specifically comprises: based on the consumption of a certain fuel, the carbon dioxide emission factor of the fuel, the load ton and the annual sailing distance of the ship, a CII calculation formula is adopted to calculate a predicted CII value when the execution is finished under a future voyage plan, and the predicted CII value is shown as the following formula: , Wherein, the To predict CII values; Is fuel Is used in the production of the product, Is fuel A kind of electronic device The emission factor is set to be a function of the emission factor, In order to carry a load of one ton, Is the annual sailing distance.
9. 9. The hierarchical decision-based single vessel CII compliance multi-strategy co-optimization system of claim 6 wherein in said second optimization sub-path, said shift-out operation means to reduce the voyage speed of a particular voyage segment to a preset economic voyage speed interval and correspondingly increase the voyage time of that voyage segment, and the reduced voyage speed is within the interval range established by the vessel based on the lowest speed and the highest speed.
10. 10. The layered decision-based single vessel CII compliance multi-strategy co-optimization system of claim 9 wherein said biofuels are renewable fuels with lower than traditional fuel full life cycle carbon emission factors, including biodiesel, bio-methanol, and renewable aviation fuels; The benefit evaluation information comprises the recommended speed of each leg, the position of the air leg and the adjusted speed and time, the recommended filling amount and use plan of various fuels, the predicted achievement CII value and rating, the predicted total fuel consumption and total cost change and the total period change.

Description

Single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization method and system based on layered decision Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent decision making of ship low-carbon operation, in particular to a single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization method and system based on layered decision making. Background With the deep advancement of International Maritime Organization (IMO) greenhouse gas emission abatement strategy, the mandatory regulations of energy efficiency and carbon emissions of ships, especially the carbon strength index (Carbon Intensity Indicator, CII) rating system for existing ships, have become an urgent compliance challenge facing the global shipping industry. CII regulations quantify the operational performance of ships as a tightening rating requirement year by year, directly related to the market competitiveness and asset value of the ship. In this context, how to meet or exceed CII requirements with the lowest compliance cost by optimizing the daily operations of the ship becomes a key technical problem that needs to be solved by the shipper and the ship operators. Currently, the solutions of ship energy efficiency improvement and CII compliance in the industry are concentrated on single dimension or local optimization, a comprehensive technical system capable of systematically and globally coping with complex operation scenes is not formed, and the limitations of 1) isolation of optimization means and lack of cooperative linkage are that the prior art usually takes speed optimization, route adjustment (such as shift/line change) and alternative fuel (such as biofuel) application as independent problems to be studied. For example, the voyage optimization software only focuses on how to adjust voyage to reduce fuel consumption under a given route, but does not fully consider the economic effect on voyage decision after introduction of biofuel, and the biofuel filling decision model often uses static voyage planning as a premise, and fails to carry out linkage optimization with dynamic route adjustment (such as space shift design). The optimization mode of the isolated module cannot realize the synergy among multiple factors, and the overall compliance cost may be high. 2) The decision logic is stiff and cannot adapt to multiple constraint situations, namely that the ship faces complex constraint conditions in actual operation, such as a fixed schedule of a shift, a strict port window, an unchangeable current voyage position and the like. Existing schemes often preset a single scenario, for example, either discussing voyage optimization at fixed voyage only, or considering only completely free voyage rearrangement. The lack of a layered and progressive intelligent decision logic, the lack of flexibility and self-adaptation capability, makes the optimization scheme poor in practical application performability. 3) The system integration level is low, real-time decision making is difficult to support, and an energy efficiency management system, a voyage optimization tool and a fuel purchasing platform in the current market are often mutually split information islands. The captain or the operation manager needs to use different tools to obtain the suggestion of fragmentation respectively, and then relies on personal experience to carry out comprehensive judgment. Not only is the efficiency low, but the complex triangular relationship of speed-route-fuel is difficult to quantitatively balance in a short time, so that an optimal and executable comprehensive operation scheme cannot be formed. In view of the foregoing, there is a great need in the shipping industry for an intelligent decision support method and system that can deeply integrate navigational speed dynamic optimization, flexible course adjustment (shift-out) and biofuel strategic use, and adapt to different operational constraints based on a hierarchical decision framework. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization method based on layered decision, which aims to solve the problems of isolated optimization means, stiff decision logic and low system integration level in the prior art. The invention also relates to a single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization system based on layered decision. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a single-ship CII compliance multi-strategy collaborative optimization method based on layered decision-making is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, acquiring basic parameters of a ship and a future voyage plan, wherein the basic parameters comprise load tons of the ship, annual voyage distance of the ship, total fuel consumption, fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission factors, and the future voyage plan comprises total voyage period of voyage and voyage time of each voyage period in voyage; S2,