CN-122022053-A - Ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure space layout optimization method

Abstract

The invention discloses a space layout optimization method of an ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure, which comprises the steps of dividing an agricultural partition, evaluating the water resource bearing capacity and the ecological sensitivity of each grid based on grid units, dividing the ecological water-saving agricultural partition based on the regional water resource bearing capacity and the ecological sensitivity, constructing a crop configuration mode library according to the characteristics of a crop paddy field and the ecological functions, constructing a crop configuration mode library according to the ecological functions, matching the crop mode and the partition through space superposition, integrating ecological water saving, integrating micro-terrain transformation and covering entropy preservation, strengthening the water saving effect, evaluating and adjusting the effect, verifying the feasibility of a scheme by calculating the water saving rate, economic benefit and ecological benefit index, and constructing the crop configuration mode library guided by the ecological functions and carrying out space superposition matching by establishing the ecological water saving partition with the water resource bearing capacity as a rigid constraint.

Inventors

• LI NA
• WANG YINBO
• Huang Fachen
• XIAO ZHUANG
• ZHANG SHULING

Assignees

• 昆明理工大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260204

Claims (7)

1. 1. The ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure space layout optimization method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step one, agricultural partition division, namely collecting hydrogeological data, soil permeability and ecological red line range of an area, evaluating water resource bearing capacity and ecological sensitivity of each grid based on grid units, and dividing ecological water-saving agricultural partition based on the area water resource bearing capacity and the ecological sensitivity; constructing a crop configuration mode library according to the characteristics of the paddy field and the ecological functions of the crops; step three, space matching and layout, namely matching the crop mode with the subareas through space superposition analysis to generate an optimized layout scheme; Step four, ecological water-saving integration, integrated micro-topography transformation and coverage entropy-preserving enhanced water-saving effect; and fifthly, evaluating and adjusting effects, wherein the evaluation result is used for feeding back and adjusting the partition and crop modes by calculating the water saving rate, economic benefit and ecological benefit indexes to verify the feasibility of the scheme.
2. 2. The method for optimizing the spatial layout of an ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure according to claim 1, wherein the ecological water-saving agricultural partition in the first step is combined with underground water exploitation amount, rainfall space-time distribution, soil permeability and ecological red line range.
3. 3. The method for optimizing the spatial layout of an ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure according to claim 1, wherein the ecological water-saving agricultural partition in the first step divides the area into a high-suitability area, a medium-suitability area, a restriction area and a forbidden area.
4. 4. The method for optimizing the spatial layout of an ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure according to claim 1, wherein the crop configuration mode library in the second step comprises a crop symbiotic combination, a rotation system and a green manure insertion mode, and each configuration in the mode library is marked with a proper precipitation range, a soil type, a water supply and demand balance requirement and an ecological benefit.
5. 5. The method for optimizing the spatial layout of an ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure according to claim 1, wherein the spatial stacking analysis in the third step is characterized in that the current situation of land utilization, the slope direction, the soil texture and the water source accessibility factor are comprehensively analyzed, and the priority of the crop layout is determined by adopting a manual decision mode.
6. 6. The method for optimizing the spatial layout of an ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure according to claim 1, wherein the micro-topography modification in the fourth step comprises the construction of depressions, furrows and terraces, the covering soil moisture preservation is achieved by covering crop stubbles or degradable materials, and the water storage device comprises a buried water storage module.
7. 7. The method for optimizing the spatial layout of an ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, soil moisture content and crop growth response feedback adjustment are monitored simultaneously to form closed-loop optimization.

Description

Ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure space layout optimization method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural recycling, in particular to a structural space layout optimization method for ecological water-saving agricultural planting. Background The spatial layout of the ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure is basically a regional agricultural planning strategy which follows natural laws and water resource constraints and aims at realizing win-win sustainable development and ecological protection of agriculture. The method is characterized in that the different configurations of crop types and planting modes are carried out according to the water resource endowment, the climate characteristics and the ecological functions of different areas, so that a synergistic and efficient overall pattern is formed. In particular, such a layout is typically embodied as a precise arrangement of "partition classifications". In northwest arid regions with serious shortage of water resources, namely, in great wall along wind beach regions, modern high-efficiency agriculture demonstration belts taking drip irrigation and water and fertilizer integrated technology as cores are developed, in special agriculture demonstration belts integrating special planting, water and soil conservation and sightseeing into a whole are built in an amorphous river basin, meanwhile, in eastern along loess and stone mountain regions, water and soil conservation and special forest and fruit industries are enhanced, in south hilly and gully regions, rain-collecting and irrigation and drought agriculture integrated technology is developed mainly, and in western white mountain regions, ecological restoration and high-efficiency water-saving agriculture are promoted. Existing methods focus on single techniques such as drip irrigation or coverage, and lack solutions to systematically integrate water resources, crop characteristics, and ecological effects from a spatial layout perspective. In addition, part of technologies such as plastic film mulching is easy to cause soil pollution, and simply adjusting the crop area ignores spatial heterogeneity, which may cause mismatching of an optimization result and actual water and soil conditions, so the invention provides a space layout optimization method of an ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure to solve the problems in the prior art. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide an ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure space layout optimization method, which solves the problem that the water yield-fixing principle is difficult to accurately land in space by establishing an ecological water-saving partition taking the bearing capacity of water resources as rigid constraint, solves the problems of single planting structure and weak ecological service function by establishing an ecological function-oriented crop configuration mode library and performing space superposition matching, solves the problems of stiff planning scheme, difficult adaptation to dynamic change and insufficient sustainability by integrating a practical ecological water-saving technology and establishing a closed-loop optimization mechanism based on multi-index evaluation, and finally achieves the comprehensive aim of guaranteeing ecological safety and agricultural sustainable development while obviously improving the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources. The invention aims at realizing the technical scheme that the ecological water-saving agricultural planting structure space layout optimization method comprises the following steps: step one, agricultural partition division, namely collecting hydrogeological data, soil permeability and ecological red line range of an area, evaluating water resource bearing capacity and ecological sensitivity of each grid based on grid units, and dividing ecological water-saving agricultural partition based on the area water resource bearing capacity and the ecological sensitivity; constructing a crop configuration mode library according to the characteristics of the paddy field and the ecological functions of the crops; step three, space matching and layout, namely matching the crop mode with the subareas through space superposition analysis to generate an optimized layout scheme; Step four, ecological water-saving integration, integrated micro-topography transformation and coverage entropy-preserving enhanced water-saving effect; and fifthly, evaluating and adjusting effects, wherein the evaluation result is used for feeding back and adjusting the partition and crop modes by calculating the water saving rate, economic benefit and ecological benefit indexes to verify the feasibility of the scheme. The ecological water-saving agricultural partition in the first step is combined with underground water exploitation amount, rainfall space-time dist