CN-122022090-A - Accident handling method, system, medium and equipment applied to nuclear power plant

CN122022090ACN 122022090 ACN122022090 ACN 122022090ACN-122022090-A

Abstract

The specification discloses an accident handling method, system, medium and equipment applied to a nuclear power plant, and belongs to the technical field of nuclear power plant nuclear emergency. After the nuclear accident happens, the comprehensive judgment is carried out on the development stage of the nuclear accident by acquiring environmental radiation monitoring data, equipment running state data and emergency monitoring data and combining the radioactive substance diffusion and dose distribution prediction evaluation results output by the nuclear accident result evaluation system. On the basis, the protection requirements of different emergency actions are evaluated, and a scheme is determined according to the protection requirement level. Meanwhile, an ant colony algorithm is adopted to optimize an emergency action mode and a patrol or decontamination path. By introducing the prediction evaluation result of the nuclear accident result evaluation system into the protection decision and emergency action optimization process, the invention can reduce the personnel radiation exposure risk while ensuring the effective execution of the emergency task, and improve the scientificity, safety and engineering applicability of the nuclear accident emergency treatment.

Inventors

LV MINGHUA
SONG YU
LI QINGYUN
TIAN ZHIJIE
PAN YANHUI
HUANG SHA
QIU ZHIXIN
LIAN BING
LI MINGYE
Lv Xindong
GUO HUAN
ZHAO DUOXIN
NIU YANJING
ZHANG JUNFANG
HE XIN

Assignees

中国辐射防护研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251229

Claims (12)

1. An accident handling method applied to a nuclear power plant, comprising: Acquiring environmental radiation monitoring data, plant equipment running state data, environmental information and emergency monitoring data; Inputting the environmental radiation monitoring data, the plant equipment running state data and the emergency monitoring data into a nuclear accident consequence evaluation system, and determining a predicted evaluation result of the radioactive substance diffusion range and the dose distribution; Based on the change trend of the environmental radiation monitoring data and the prediction evaluation result, determining the nuclear accident development stage at the current moment; Constructing a fuzzy evaluation model of the protection requirement according to the nuclear accident development stage, the prediction evaluation result, the predicted exposure time of the emergency action process of the user and the operation environment condition; based on the fuzzy evaluation model of the protection requirements, the protection requirement levels corresponding to different emergency actions are evaluated, and evaluation results corresponding to the different emergency actions are determined; from the evaluation results, a nuclear emergency treatment plan is determined.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a nuclear emergency treatment plan based on the evaluation result comprises: Determining a protective equipment configuration scheme matched with the emergency action corresponding to the current nuclear accident development stage according to the evaluation result and a pre-established protective equipment selection rule; and determining a nuclear emergency treatment scheme based on the protection equipment configuration scheme and the environment information, wherein the environment information comprises accident area risk distribution and access conditions.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the determining a nuclear emergency treatment plan based on the shielding device configuration plan and the environmental information comprises: Based on the protection equipment configuration scheme and the environmental information, optimizing a personnel patrol path, a vehicle patrol path or a ship patrol path based on an ant colony algorithm, and determining a plurality of candidate emergency schemes; and comprehensively evaluating the candidate emergency action scheme in the aspects of radiation exposure risk, task feasibility and protection suitability based on a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and determining a nuclear emergency treatment scheme.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said determining the stage of development of the nuclear accident at the current moment based on the trend of the environmental radiation monitoring data and the predictive evaluation result comprises: according to the change trend of the environmental radiation monitoring data and the prediction evaluation result, determining the absolute value and the change trend of the environmental radiation dosage rate, and the duration and the frequency of the radiation overrun of the monitoring point; Acquiring a dose contour prediction result, a radioactive substance diffusion direction and a range prediction result, and a statistical result of key safety equipment failure, which are output by a nuclear accident result evaluation system; And determining the nuclear accident development stage at the current moment based on at least one of an absolute value and a change trend of the environmental radiation dose rate, the duration and the frequency of the radiation overrun of the monitoring point, a dose contour prediction result output by the nuclear accident result evaluation system, a radioactive substance diffusion direction and range prediction result and a statistical result of the failure of the key safety equipment.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the nuclear accident outcome evaluation system comprises at least one of a source item evaluation module, a radioactive material diffusion calculation module, and a dose evaluation module.
6. A method according to claim 3, wherein the fuzzy mathematical method comprises constructing fuzzy membership functions and determining the accident phase and the protection requirement level based on fuzzy rules.
7. A method according to claim 3, wherein prior to said determining a nuclear emergency treatment plan, the method further comprises using the predicted assessment of dose distribution, access conditions and shielding equipment configuration as constraints or heuristics for path selection.
8. An accident handling system for use in a nuclear power plant for performing the accident handling method for use in a nuclear power plant of claim 1, the system comprising: the accident stage judging module is used for comprehensively judging the nuclear accident development stage; the protection demand assessment module is used for assessing the protection demand level based on a fuzzy mathematical method; The protective equipment configuration module is used for determining a protective equipment selection scheme; The emergency action optimization module is used for generating an emergency action scheme based on an ant colony algorithm; The scheme evaluation and execution module is used for determining and executing the nuclear emergency treatment scheme.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the emergency action optimization module is configured to optimize a path or plan for at least one of personnel walking tours, vehicle tours, and ship tours.
10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium has stored therein a computer program for implementing the method of any of claims 1 to 7 when being executed by a processor.
11. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, the processor, when executing a program in the memory, being configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
12. A computer program product, characterized in that instructions in the program product, when executed by a processor of an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Accident handling method, system, medium and equipment applied to nuclear power plant Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power plant nuclear emergency, in particular to an accident handling method, system, medium and equipment applied to a nuclear power plant. Background In the running process of the nuclear power plant, once nuclear accidents are caused by equipment faults, natural disasters or human factors, complicated situations such as radioactive substance release, abnormal rise of radiation level of the plant area and surrounding environment, limited functions of key systems and the like can be accompanied. To reduce the adverse effects of nuclear accidents on personnel safety, equipment integrity, and the environment, nuclear power plants typically require a series of emergency treatment actions such as radiation monitoring, emergency inspection, protective equipment distribution, equipment inspection, and necessary decontamination operations to be performed quickly after the occurrence of the accident. In the existing nuclear power plant nuclear emergency treatment system, real-time radiation dose rate data of an accident area are generally acquired by means of a fixed radiation monitoring system and mobile emergency monitoring equipment, and an emergency commander judges the severity of the accident based on monitoring results and experience by combining with a pre-established emergency plan, so that a protective equipment selection scheme and an emergency action mode are determined. However, in the practical application process, the emergency treatment mode still has certain limitations that on one hand, the protection equipment is selected and emergency action decisions are judged based on the generated monitoring data in the prior art, the subsequent development trend of the accident is difficult to reflect in time, the problem that the protection decision is lagged or the protection grade is selected unreasonably easily occurs under the condition that the accident rapidly evolves or the change of a radiation field is rapid, and on the other hand, although a nuclear power plant is usually provided with a nuclear accident consequence evaluation system for predicting and evaluating the accident source item release, the radioactive substance diffusion range and the dose distribution, more of the systems are used as auxiliary analysis tools in the prior art, the prediction evaluation result is often not effectively integrated into the configuration of the protection equipment and the emergency action decision flow, and the close connection between the prediction result and the actual emergency treatment is lacked. In addition, in different development stages of nuclear accidents, there are significant differences between emergency action modes and protection requirements, for example, in an accident expansion stage or a serious accident stage, the radiation exposure risk of personnel is significantly increased by continuously adopting personnel walking inspection or low-level protection equipment, and in an early stage of an accident, resource waste and treatment efficiency reduction may be caused by excessively adopting high-level protection equipment, but a technical means capable of dynamically optimizing the protection equipment and the emergency action modes by combining the accident development stage, the prediction evaluation result and the protection capability is generally lacking in the prior art. Therefore, how to combine the prediction and evaluation result of the nuclear accident outcome evaluation system with the real-time monitoring data in the emergency treatment process of the nuclear accident, scientifically judge the development stage of the accident, reasonably select the protection equipment and optimize the emergency action mode according to the scientific judgment, so as to effectively reduce the radiation exposure risk of personnel while ensuring the smooth completion of the emergency task, and the method becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field. Disclosure of Invention The present specification provides a method, system, medium and apparatus for accident handling in a nuclear power plant to at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The technical scheme adopted in the specification is as follows: In one aspect, the present specification provides an accident handling method applied to a nuclear power plant, including: Acquiring environmental radiation monitoring data, plant equipment running state data, environmental information and emergency monitoring data; Inputting the environmental radiation monitoring data, the plant equipment running state data and the emergency monitoring data into a nuclear accident consequence evaluation system, and determining a predicted evaluation result of the radioactive substance diffusion range and the dose distribution; Based on the change trend of the environmen