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CN-122022147-A - Comprehensive evaluation method for hydrologic-aquatic ecological functions of lake basin and partition management system

CN122022147ACN 122022147 ACN122022147 ACN 122022147ACN-122022147-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water environment protection and water resource management, solves the technical problems that the existing lake and catchment basin water environment and water ecology evaluation method have single water body and single element limitation, and particularly relates to a comprehensive evaluation method and a partition management system for the hydrologic-water ecology function of the lake basin. The system comprises a river basin monitoring, evaluating and partitioning and information displaying and managing subsystem, realizes data access, index calculation, partitioning display and measure recommendation, can uniformly characterize hydrologic process, ecological structure and water quality pressure on the scale of the lake river basin, and provides quantitative basis for water function improvement and fine management.

Inventors

  • ZHANG XIAOKE
  • WANG CUNSHI
  • WANG HUILI
  • WU WENQIANG
  • ZHANG TINGYU
  • HAN XIAOYONG
  • ZHANG GUANGPING

Assignees

  • 安庆师范大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260126

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A comprehensive evaluation method for hydrologic-aquatic ecological functions of a lake basin is characterized by comprising the following steps: dividing a lake and a water collecting area of a lake-entering river connected with the lake into a plurality of evaluation units, wherein the evaluation units at least comprise an upstream river basin unit, a lake-entering river mouth unit and a water body unit of the lake area; acquiring hydrologic, water ecology and water environment monitoring data or numerical simulation data of each evaluation unit in an evaluation period, and constructing a hydrologic function index set Index set of water ecological structure And water quality pressure index set ; Normalization processing hydrologic function index set Index set of water ecological structure And water quality pressure index set And calculate the hydrologic function index of each evaluation unit Sub-index of water ecological structure And water quality pressure sub-index ; Constructing a comprehensive index WEFI for comprehensively reflecting the overall functional level of hydrologic-aquatic ecological functions of the lake basin, including hydrologic process, aquatic ecological structure and water quality pressure; Dividing the evaluation unit into functional grades corresponding to I-V grades for representing hydrologic-water ecological functions of the lake basin based on the comprehensive index WEFI, and judging that the dominant degradation type is at least one of hydrologic damage type, ecological structure degradation type or water quality pressure type; And generating a partition map and a partition management priority sequence list of the hydrologic-aquatic ecological functions of the lake basin according to the function level, the dominant degradation type and the spatial adjacent relation of each evaluation unit.
  2. 2. The comprehensive evaluation method for hydrologic-aquatic ecological functions in lake basin according to claim 1, wherein the hydrologic function index set At least comprises: Ecological flow satisfaction index for representing actual measured flow or water level in evaluation period to satisfy target ecological flow or number of days in ecological water level interval The expression is: Wherein, the The number of days meeting ecological requirements in the evaluation period; Total days for the cycle; flow variability index for reflecting the degree of daily flow sequence variability The expression is: Wherein, the Is the coefficient of variation of the daily flow; a monotonic function mapping the flow variation to the [0,1] interval; river-lake connectivity index for representing water-power communication days ratio of river channel and lake body The expression is: Wherein, the For the number of days to keep connected; For characterising the mean residence time of a body of water A residence time index approaching a preset target interval The expression is: and residence time The closer to the preset target residence time interval, the residence time index The higher the score; Wherein, the To keep the residence time A function mapped to the [0,1] interval.
  3. 3. The comprehensive evaluation method for hydrologic-aquatic ecology function in lake basin according to claim 1, wherein the water ecology structure index set At least comprises: Aquatic vegetation integrity index The coverage, bandwidth and species number of emergent aquatic plants, submerged plants and floating plants are obtained by normalized weighted calculation, namely: Wherein, the 、 、 Normalized values of emergent aquatic, submerged and floating plant coverage respectively; Normalizing the number of aquatic plant species; The method is a preset weight coefficient; Biodiversity index Shannon-Wiener index, which is a typical aquatic plant, benthonic animal or fish community, is normalized by a preset upper and lower limit, namely: Wherein, the Is Shannon-Wiener index; To get Shannon-Wiener index A function mapped to the [0,1] interval; biological community integrity index Based at least on the presence of the indicated species, the dominant species structure and the functional nutritional grade composition by scoring functions The complex index converted to [0,1], namely: Wherein, the Is an indicator of the species; Is a dominant species related index; is a functional nutrition level related index.
  4. 4. The method for comprehensively evaluating hydrologic-aquatic ecological functions of lake basin according to claim 1, wherein the water quality pressure index set At least comprises: Nutrient salt stress index From total nitrogen Total phosphorus And ammonia nitrogen Is weighted by weight, namely: Wherein, the The method is a preset weight coefficient; 、 、 normalized values for the corresponding concentrations; endogenous release risk index According to the difference value of the phosphorus concentration in the bottom sludge pore water and the overlying water Diffusion flux Calculating and mapping to the [0,1] interval after comparing with the empirical threshold, namely: Wherein, the To make the phosphorus concentration different And diffusion flux A function mapped to the [0,1] interval; Risk index for eutrophication Comprehensive transparency Chlorophyll a concentration And a blue algae dominance factor Calculating and normalizing the eutrophication risk index Falls within the interval [0,1], namely: Wherein, the To be transparent Chlorophyll a concentration And a blue algae dominance factor A function mapped to the [0,1] interval.
  5. 5. The method for comprehensively evaluating hydrologic-aquatic ecological functions of lake basin according to claim 1, wherein the hydrologic function sub-index of each evaluation unit is calculated Sub-index of water ecological structure And water quality pressure sub-index Comprising: by presetting normalization function Integrating hydrologic function indexes Index set of water ecological structure And water quality pressure index set Converting to the [0,1] interval to obtain the normalized index 、 、 ; Calculating hydrologic function sub-index of each evaluation unit according to preset weight coefficient Sub-index of water ecological structure And water quality pressure sub-index Wherein: Wherein, the 、 、 Respectively the weight coefficients of various indexes and meets the following requirements 。
  6. 6. The method for comprehensively evaluating hydrologic-aquatic ecological functions in a lake basin according to claim 5, wherein the expression of the comprehensive index WEFI is: Wherein, the , The weight coefficient is determined according to the target water function positioning; The weight coefficient 、 、 And The determination of (2) comprises: constructing a multi-objective calibration function for measuring the coincidence degree, the spatial distinction degree and the satisfaction degree of management constraint of the comprehensive index WEFI and the historical evaluation result The expression is: Wherein, the Is the evaluation result of the comprehensive index WEFI and the historical actual measured ecological state Is a coefficient of determination of (2); the variance of the composite index WEFI for each evaluation unit; Penalty terms that violate regulatory constraints; 、 、 is a non-negative trade-off coefficient; by multiple target calibration functions Maximizing the goal, solving by adopting a grid search or heuristic optimization algorithm based on an expert given initial value, and obtaining an optimal weight coefficient combination under a specific lake basin and a management target; And solidifying the obtained optimal weight coefficient combination into a standard weight combination of the target lake basin for subsequent rolling evaluation.
  7. 7. A lake basin hydrology-water ecology function partition management system adopting the comprehensive evaluation method of the lake basin hydrology-water ecology function as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, which is characterized by comprising a basin monitoring subsystem (1), an evaluation and partition subsystem (2) and an information display and management subsystem (3); The river basin monitoring subsystem (1) is arranged on an upstream river basin unit, a lake inlet unit and a lake region water body unit of a lake river basin and at least comprises: the system comprises an upstream river flow and water quality monitoring station (11), a lake inlet cross section hydrologic-water quality monitoring cross section (12), a lake region three-dimensional water environment monitoring buoy (13) and a lakeside zone composite monitoring pile (14) which are used for acquiring hydrologic, water ecology and water environment monitoring data; the evaluation and partitioning subsystem (2) comprises an index calculation unit (21), a function judgment unit (22) and a partitioning unit (23); The index calculation unit (21) is used for processing the monitoring data of each evaluation unit and calculating the hydrologic function sub-index Sub-index of water ecological structure And water quality pressure sub-index A comprehensive index WEFI of hydrologic-water ecological function; The function judging unit (22) is used for integrating the integrated indexes WEFI integrated indexes WEFI and the hydrologic function sub-indexes of the evaluation units Sub-index of water ecological structure And water quality pressure sub-index Comparing the function level with a preset threshold value to obtain a corresponding function level and a dominant degradation type; The partition demarcation unit (23) is used for merging the evaluation unit into a plurality of hydrological-aquatic ecological functional partitions according to the functional grade, the dominant degradation type and the spatial adjacent relation of the evaluation unit; the information display and management subsystem (3) is arranged in a watershed or a watershed-lake management mechanism, and is used for receiving the results of the evaluation and partitioning subsystem (2), displaying the function grade distribution, the hydrologic-aquatic ecological function partitioning range and corresponding management suggestions on a map interface, and recording the implementation condition of management measures.
  8. 8. Lake basin hydrologic-aquatic ecology functional partition management system according to claim 7, characterized in that the partition demarcation unit (23) forms hydrologic-aquatic ecology functional partitions according to the following rules: Calculating the difference value of the comprehensive indexes WEFI of the adjacent evaluation units, and when the difference value of the comprehensive indexes WEFI of the adjacent evaluation units is smaller than a preset difference threshold value And when the dominant degradation types are the same or similar, dividing the dominant degradation types into the same candidate functional partitions; when the difference between the maximum integrated index WEFI and the minimum integrated index WEFI in a candidate functional partition exceeds the difference limit in the preset partition When the partition is split or the boundary is adjusted, the range of the comprehensive index WEFI in each functional partition does not exceed the difference limit value in the partition ; And carrying out connectivity check on the spatial forms of all the candidate functional partitions, and when the candidate functional partitions are finely divided into a plurality of small fragments, preferentially merging fragments with smaller areas and similar functional grades to ensure that the whole candidate functional partitions are in block distribution with spatial communication and relatively smooth boundaries.
  9. 9. Lake basin hydrologic-water ecological function partition management system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the information presentation and management subsystem (3) is provided with a partition management configuration unit comprising: the partition attribute library (31) is used for recording the function grade, dominant degradation type, water body function positioning and upstream control conditions of each functional partition; A measure comparison table (32) for storing standard combinations of source pollution control measures, endogenous pollution control measures, hydrologic scheduling measures and lakeside ecological restoration measures corresponding to different function grades and different degradation types; And the management configuration interface (33) is used for a manager to select a target functional partition on the map, call a corresponding measure standard combination, increase, decrease and sort the measure combination according to actual conditions, so as to form a partition management scheme, and archive the one-to-one correspondence between the management scheme and the functional partition.
  10. 10. Lake basin hydrologic-water ecological functional partitioning management system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that in the evaluation and partitioning subsystem (2) there is also provided a scenario evaluation unit (24), which scenario evaluation unit (24) comprises: Under the preset water inflow condition, pollution load situation or engineering scheduling scheme, the established river basin rainfall-runoff model, river network hydrodynamic model and lake hydrodynamic-water quality-ecological response model are called, and the water level process, the flow process, the nutrient salt concentration, the aquatic vegetation coverage and the biological community index of each evaluation unit under the situation are calculated; based on the calculation result, the hydrologic function index of each evaluation unit is recalculated Sub-index of water ecological structure And water quality pressure sub-index And the comprehensive index WEFI of hydrologic-water ecological functions to obtain hydrologic-water ecological function grades and functional partitions under different conditions; The function grade change, hydrologic-water ecological function partition adjustment range and corresponding management measure requirements under different scenes are compared and displayed in the information display and management subsystem, so that a basis is provided for optimization of the lake basin water function improvement scheme.

Description

Comprehensive evaluation method for hydrologic-aquatic ecological functions of lake basin and partition management system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of water environment protection and water resource management, in particular to a comprehensive hydrologic-aquatic ecological function evaluation method and a regional management system for lakes and water collecting areas thereof. Background Lakes and their catchment basins are important space units for regional water resource allocation, water ecological safety and water environment management. In recent years, under the promotion of relevant national policies, comprehensive treatment and water ecology restoration work of a river basin taking a lake as a core are gradually carried out in various places, and the understanding of the coupling relation among the hydrologic process, the water ecology structure and the water environment quality of the lake river basin is deepened continuously. However, in the current management practice, a single water environment evaluation mode with the water quality standard rate as a core is still generally relied on, so that comprehensive function levels of the lake watershed in the aspects of water quantity adjustment, ecological maintenance, water environment bearing capacity and the like are difficult to comprehensively reflect, and quantitative basis is difficult to be provided for refined partition management and water function improvement. In the prior art, some methods for monitoring and comprehensively evaluating water bodies have been proposed. For example, the invention patent with publication number of CN102565294B discloses a water source monitoring and evaluating method, which combines ground monitoring data with satellite remote sensing data, comprehensively evaluates the safety level of the drinking water source by a hierarchical analysis method and a fuzzy mathematic method, and focuses on indexes such as water quality category, water quantity safety, water source supervision capability and the like. The method has certain advantages in the aspect of macroscopic determination of the safety condition of the water source, but is mainly used for safety early warning of the drinking water source, lacks systematic quantification of hydrologic process and water ecological structure, and does not establish space units for partition management aiming at lake type watershed. Several evaluation methods have been proposed for the water ecology of lakes or reservoirs. The invention patent with publication number of CN117094464B provides a lake region water ecology safety evaluation method, which takes the average annual water storage capacity, the maximum annual water storage capacity and the minimum annual water storage capacity of lakes as core factors, combines the pressure-state-response indexes in natural, social and economic elements, and gives the water ecology safety grade through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The invention patent with publication number of CN119671049A provides a technical method for evaluating ecological health of water in lakes and reservoirs, which establishes an index system based on multi-level organisms such as phytoplankton, zooplankton, organic matters and the like and water quality data and classifies ecological health grades. The method has a certain representativeness in the aspect of ecological health or ecological safety unit evaluation, but has two common characteristics that firstly, the evaluation objects are limited to single lake or reservoir water bodies, the upstream water inlet process and river and lake communication characteristics are not introduced from the integral scale system of a lake basin, and secondly, the index system is biased in water quality and biological community state, the hydrologic function indexes such as ecological flow satisfaction, river and lake communication, water body residence time and the like are introduced less explicitly, and the hydrologic-water ecological coupling mechanism is not reflected sufficiently. In terms of water ecological conditions and protection priority classification, the invention patent with publication number CN112200448A provides a method for evaluating water ecological conditions and classifying water bodies by protection priority, which mainly takes fish communities as cores, calculates total scores through ten single indexes such as biodiversity, nutrition structures, environmental tolerance and the like, identifies water body ecological health conditions and classifies protection and restoration priorities. The method emphasizes that the biological community response is taken as a main line, is suitable for identifying ecologically damaged water bodies and determining protection sequence positions, but the coupling between an index system and hydrologic dispatching and watershed management is weaker, and the system design is not yet available for how hydrologic-aquatic ecology funct