CN-122022200-A - Watershed ecology compensation partitioning method based on net ecology externality index

CN122022200ACN 122022200 ACN122022200 ACN 122022200ACN-122022200-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a watershed ecology compensation partitioning method based on a net ecology exteriority index, which comprises the steps of obtaining geographical space data of a target watershed, calculating various preset positive ecology exteriority indexes and negative ecology exteriority indexes, determining a positive ecology exteriority comprehensive index and a negative ecology exteriority comprehensive index for each space unit in the watershed based on the geographical space data, calculating the net ecology exteriority index of each space unit through opposite flushing operation based on the positive ecology exteriority comprehensive index and the negative ecology exteriority comprehensive index, and performing ecology compensation partitioning on the target watershed according to the space distribution of the net ecology exteriority index of each space unit in the target watershed. By constructing the net value evaluation framework, the real ecological contribution of each region can be reflected more scientifically and comprehensively, and a more accurate decision basis is provided for making a fair and reasonable ecological compensation strategy.

Inventors

CHEN QIUWEN
DU MINGCHENG
HE SHUFENG
YAN XINGCHENG
NI QIAN
SUN HAO
ZHANG XIA
FENG TAO
ZHANG JIANYUN
ZHOU XUDONG
QIAO RUXIA

Assignees

水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260413

Claims (10)

1. A watershed ecology compensation zoning method based on a net ecology externality index, comprising: obtaining geospatial data of a target river basin, wherein the geospatial data comprises basic data used for calculating various preset positive ecological externality indexes and various preset negative ecological externality indexes; Determining an orthotopic externality index for each spatial unit within the target stream based on the geospatial data; Determining a negative ecological externality comprehensive index for each spatial unit within the target stream domain based on the geospatial data; Calculating to obtain a net ecological exteriority index of each space unit based on the positive ecological exteriority comprehensive index and the negative ecological exteriority comprehensive index; And carrying out ecological compensation partition on the target river basin according to the spatial distribution of the net ecological exteriority index of each spatial unit in the target river basin.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises, The various preset positive ecological external indexes comprise net primary productivity, habitat quality and water conservation quantity; The various preset negative ecological external indexes comprise nitrogen emission, phosphorus emission and population pressure; at least one of habitat quality, water conservation, nitrogen emissions and phosphorus emissions is calculated by InVEST model.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining a positive ecological exotic composite index for each spatial unit within the target stream domain and determining a negative ecological exotic composite index comprises: respectively carrying out normalization treatment on a plurality of preset positive ecological exteriority indexes and a plurality of preset negative ecological exteriority indexes; The normalized positive ecological external index is aggregated to obtain a positive ecological external comprehensive index; And aggregating the normalized negative ecological externality index to obtain a negative ecological externality comprehensive index.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein determining a positive ecological exotic composite index for each spatial unit within the target stream domain and determining a negative ecological exotic composite index comprises: According to the physical transmission mechanism of each index, dividing a plurality of preset positive ecological exteriority indexes and a plurality of preset negative ecological exteriority indexes into in-situ indexes and flow direction indexes.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining a positive ecological exotic composite index and determining a negative ecological exotic composite index comprises: performing in-situ contribution value calculation on the in-situ type index based on the local value of each space unit; Calculating a flow direction contribution value of the flow direction type index based on hydrologic connectivity information in the geographic space data; Based on the in-situ contribution value and the flow direction contribution value, a positive ecological exotic composite index and a negative ecological exotic composite index are determined, respectively.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein performing a flow direction contribution calculation comprises: determining a hydrologic flow direction between each spatial unit in the target flow domain based on the digital elevation model in the geospatial data; for any space unit, the values of the flow direction indicators of all upstream space units are accumulated along the hydrologic flow direction to obtain the flow direction contribution value.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising introducing a distance decay function based on the length of the hydrologic process for weighting the values of the flow direction indicators from different upstream spatial units to obtain flow direction contribution values when accumulating the values of the flow direction indicators of all upstream spatial units thereof; the distance decay function is an exponential decay function or a piecewise linear decay function.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the objective watershed is ecologically compensated and partitioned, in particular, space units are hierarchically clustered according to the value of the net ecological exology index by adopting a natural breakpoint method or a preset threshold method; hierarchical clustering is carried out by adopting a preset threshold method, which comprises the following steps: Setting a first preset threshold and a second preset threshold, wherein the first preset threshold is larger than the second preset threshold; Dividing space units with the net ecological externality index greater than a first preset threshold value into high-net externality areas; dividing the space units with the net ecological externality index smaller than a second preset threshold value into low net externality areas; space units with a net ecological exotic index between a first preset threshold and a second preset threshold are divided into medium-net exotic regions.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein performing the in-situ contribution calculation comprises: Normalizing each in-situ index; And aggregating the normalized in-situ indexes belonging to the same external direction to obtain an in-situ contribution value.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the positive and negative ecological exotic indicators, respectively, based on the in-situ contribution and the flow direction contribution comprises: The in-situ contribution value corresponding to the positive ecological external index and the flow direction contribution value corresponding to the positive ecological external index are weighted and summed to obtain a positive ecological external comprehensive index; And carrying out weighted summation on the in-situ contribution value corresponding to the negative ecological externality index and the flow direction contribution value corresponding to the negative ecological externality index to obtain the negative ecological externality comprehensive index.

Description

Watershed ecology compensation partitioning method based on net ecology externality index Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment assessment, in particular to a watershed ecological compensation partitioning method based on a net ecological externality index. Background The ecological compensation is taken as an important environmental economic strategy tool, and the key technical problem is how to scientifically and quantitatively define the compensation range and the definition compensation standard. The technical method is required to accurately identify and quantify the benefit area of the ecosystem service and the damage area of the ecological environment pressure, and convert the complex ecological process into a spatially clear and decision-making division basis. The development of a technical method capable of comprehensively evaluating ecological benefits and ecological costs in a river basin and carrying out space partitioning according to the ecological benefits and the ecological costs has a key technical significance for improving scientificity and fairness of ecological compensation strategies. Currently, in related art practice defined by ecological compensation partitions, methods based on ecosystem service value evaluation or key ecological factor identification are mainly adopted. For example, some methods account for the total value of ecosystem services for different land use types by building a value equivalent factor table, thereby identifying high value regions. Other methods utilize an ecological model, such as an ecological system service and balance comprehensive evaluation model InVEST or a soil and water resource evaluation tool SWAT model, to spatially quantify a single or a few key ecological system services, such as water conservation, soil conservation, etc., and take the spatial distribution pattern of these services as the main basis of the partition. The method promotes the transition from qualitative to quantitative to a certain extent, and provides technical support for identifying important ecological functional areas. However, the prior art still faces some deep technical problems in achieving comprehensive and accurate characterization of complex ecological processes in the river basin. The existing method cannot effectively distinguish space action mechanisms of different ecological external indexes, and cannot construct a net value assessment framework for overall positive and negative effect accounting. Specifically, the existing method generally regards all ecological indexes as generating influence in situ in space units, adopts a homogeneous mathematical method to carry out superposition or aggregation, and ignores the difference of physical transmission mechanisms of different indexes. For example, the benefits of water conservation are conveyed downstream along a hydrologic path with water as the medium, while the benefits of habitat quality are mainly manifested locally. The indexes with distinct action mechanisms are subjected to simple arithmetic average, the physical meaning of the indexes is unclear, and the true flowing and accumulating process of the ecological system service in the river basin is difficult to accurately describe. In addition, the prior art tends to focus on evaluating positive ecosystem services, while considering negative ecological externality generated by human activities, such as insufficient consideration of non-point source pollution output, or separately researching the two as independent subjects, the lack of an accounting framework for carrying out balance and opposite impact on ecological contribution and ecological wear on the same space unit results in insufficient comprehensive and objective evaluation of comprehensive ecological value of a region. How to perform differential modeling according to the physical mechanism of the index and realize net value accounting of positive and negative exteriors on the basis of the differential modeling is a technical problem to be solved in the current field. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a watershed ecology compensation partition method based on a net ecology externality index, which aims to solve at least one of the problems existing in the prior art. According to the technical scheme, the river basin ecological compensation partitioning method based on the net ecological externality index comprises the following steps: Obtaining geospatial data of a target river basin, wherein the geospatial data comprises basic data for calculating various preset positive ecological exteriority indexes and various preset negative ecological exteriority indexes; Determining an orthotopic externality index for each spatial unit within the target stream based on the geospatial data; Determining a negative ecological externality comprehensive index for each spatial unit within the target stream domain based on the geospatial data;