CN-122022378-A - Agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring and early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system

CN122022378ACN 122022378 ACN122022378 ACN 122022378ACN-122022378-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system which comprises a data sensing and executing layer, an intelligent irrigation terminal, an intelligent analysis and management layer, a drought assessment model module, a scheduling optimization engine module and a multi-objective optimization model, wherein the data sensing and executing layer executes irrigation operation through the intelligent irrigation terminal and collects and reports irrigation behavior data, the intelligent analysis and management layer data warehouse stores multi-source information such as irrigation behavior data, weather forecast data, remote sensing monitoring data and the like, the drought assessment model module generates two types of drought distribution information based on the data, the model parameters are dynamically adjusted through deviation comparison, the scheduling optimization engine module calculates predictive water saving quantity in combination with future rainfall forecast, and the multi-objective optimization model is constructed to generate a preventive drought-resistant scheduling scheme comprising a cross-region water resource allocation scheme and an irrigation adjustment instruction. According to the invention, closed loop optimization is formed through irrigation behavior data feedback, so that drought assessment accuracy and scheduling pertinence are improved, and meanwhile, the water resource utilization efficiency is improved.

Inventors

GONG XUEWEN
SU XIN
ZHANG SHUYUE
GAO SHIKAI
Han Junqiao
WANG HONGFEI
LI YANBIN
LI YUANYUAN
CHEN XINGUO
WANG QINGFEI

Assignees

华北水利水电大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260312

Claims (10)

1. The agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought resisting resource scheduling system is characterized by comprising a data sensing and executing layer and an intelligent analysis and management layer; the data perception and execution layer comprises a plurality of intelligent irrigation terminals arranged in an irrigation area, wherein the intelligent irrigation terminals are configured to execute irrigation operation and collect and report data of starting time, duration and water consumption of each irrigation operation to form irrigation behavior data, and the intelligent analysis and management layer comprises a data warehouse, a drought assessment model module, a scheduling optimization engine module and a human-computer interaction interface; the data warehouse is configured to receive and store the irrigation behavior data from the data sensing and executing layer, and weather forecast data and remote sensing monitoring data from the outside; The drought evaluation model module is configured to run a first drought evaluation model based on the weather forecast data and the remote sensing monitoring data, generate first drought distribution information, generate second drought distribution information reflecting actual water demand based on the irrigation behavior data, compare the first drought distribution information with the second drought distribution information and deviation data, and automatically adjust parameters of the first drought evaluation model when the deviation data continuously exceeds a preset threshold value so as to enable the drought distribution information output by the adjusted first drought evaluation model to converge towards the second drought distribution information; The scheduling optimization engine module is configured to receive drought distribution information and trend prediction information output by the drought assessment model module, calculate predictive water conservation quantity of a rainfall forecast area by combining future rainfall forecast in the weather forecast data, construct and solve a multi-objective optimization model by taking the predictive water conservation quantity as an added water source constraint and engineering water delivery capacity as a physical constraint and generate a preventive drought-resistant scheduling scheme comprising a trans-regional water resource allocation scheme and a specific plot irrigation adjustment instruction.
2. The agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system of claim 1, wherein the scheduling optimization engine module is further configured to issue the irrigation adjustment instructions to the corresponding intelligent irrigation terminals; the intelligent irrigation terminal is further configured to adjust subsequent irrigation operation of the irrigation adjustment instruction according to the received irrigation adjustment instruction, and generate new irrigation behavior data to feed back to the data warehouse, so that closed loop optimization between drought assessment and irrigation scheduling is formed; the drought assessment model module is configured to generate the second drought distribution information and make model parameter adjustments by a mathematical relationship that, for each preset geographic grid cell Calculating a real-time water stress index of the geographic grid unit i The real-time water stress index The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: ; Wherein, the Representing the geographic grid cells The total irrigation water consumption of all intelligent irrigation terminals in a set time window, Representing the geographic grid cells The potential evapotranspiration in the same time window is calculated from the weather forecast data, Representing the geographic grid cells Crop coefficients, functions of inner main crop Representation pair 、 And Mapping relation of standardized treatment for eliminating influence of different crops and growth period so as to The unified relative water shortage degree can be represented; the first drought assessment model outputs data for the geographic grid cells Drought index of (2) is recorded as The system is continuous Calculating each of the geographic grid cells during each evaluation period Is determined by the accumulated deviation of: When (when) Triggering the first drought assessment model to affect the geographic grid cells Key parameters of drought index Is adjusted in such a direction that the subsequent period is calculated Approach to 。
3. The agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system according to claim 1, wherein the predictive water conservation amount in the scheduling optimization engine module Zone for forecasting effective rainfall Calculating the predictive water conservation quantity Is expressed as: ; Wherein, the For forecasted segments Is used for the effective rainfall amount of the water, Is a slice area Is used for controlling the planting area of crops, Is a slice area The average rainfall infiltration replenishment coefficient of the soil, Is a slice area The theoretical crop water demand in the current period is obtained by multiplying the reference crop evapotranspiration by the crop coefficient, Is a slice area Irrigation water supply scheduled in current period, function Representing taking the smaller of the two.
4. The agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent irrigation terminal comprises a controller, an electromagnetic valve electrically connected with the controller, a water flow sensor and an internet of things communication unit; the water flow sensor is configured to measure a volume of water flow through the solenoid valve; The controller is configured to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve according to a local preset program or an instruction received from the intelligent analysis and management layer, and upload the irrigation behavior data comprising a terminal identification code, a time stamp, a valve state, irrigation duration and water consumption through the Internet of things communication unit.
5. The agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system according to claim 1, wherein the first drought assessment model operated by the drought assessment model module is a comprehensive assessment model fused with a meteorological drought index and a remote sensing drought index; the remote sensing drought index at least comprises a vegetation water supply index or a soil moisture index which are inverted based on satellite remote sensing data.
6. The agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system according to claim 1, wherein the scheduling and optimizing engine module constructs the multi-objective optimization model with an objective function of the multi-objective optimization model While minimizing expected water loss and scheduling costs expressed as: ; Wherein, the For the total number of areas affected by drought, Is a slice area Is a weight of the crop yield per unit area, In-tile for executing the preventive drought-resistant scheduling scheme The recovered expected yield loss, which is assigned to the patch Is a function of the initial drought level of the patch, To participate in the total number of water sources scheduled, To be from a water source The unit cost coefficient of water taking, To be from a water source The total water quantity is adjusted out; Constraint conditions of the optimization model comprise water demand balance constraint of all areas, water supply capacity upper limit constraint of each water source, flow capacity constraint of a water delivery channel and predictive water saving quantity As a pair of areas The restriction of the water demand is reduced.
7. The agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system according to claim 2, wherein the closed-loop optimization is specifically characterized in that after each drought distribution information output by a drought assessment model module, new second drought distribution information generated by the irrigation behavior data newly generated subsequently is continuously monitored; When the new second drought distribution information shows that the drought relief trend accords with the expectation of the previous scheduling scheme, maintaining the current model parameters; When a deviation occurs, a recalibration of the first drought assessment model or adjustment of the optimization weights in the scheduling optimization engine is triggered.
8. The agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought resistant resource scheduling system of claim 1, wherein said data warehouse is further configured to receive and store measured data from fixed soil moisture monitoring stations and automatic weather stations deployed in said irrigation area; And when the second drought distribution information is generated, the drought evaluation model module also fuses the measured data of the fixed soil moisture content monitoring station to calibrate the spatial interpolation.
9. The agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought resistant resource scheduling system of claim 1, wherein said irrigation adjustment instructions generated by said scheduling optimization engine module specifically include a recommended irrigation start time, a recommended irrigation duration, or a recommended maximum water quota in a next irrigation cycle; The intelligent irrigation terminal is configured to fuse the irrigation adjustment instruction with a locally preset irrigation program and execute the adjusted irrigation operation in a higher priority mode.
10. The agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring, early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent analysis and management layer is deployed on a cloud computing platform; and the data sensing and executing layer and the intelligent analysis and management layer are in data communication through at least one mode of a narrowband internet of things, a fourth-generation mobile communication technology or a fifth-generation mobile communication technology.

Description

Agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring and early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural drought resistance, in particular to an agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring and early warning and drought resistance resource scheduling system. Background Agricultural drought is one of the main natural disasters threatening grain safety and agricultural sustainable development. Traditional drought monitoring and irrigation management are usually mutually split on a data source, namely macroscopic drought assessment is carried out on the basis of external observation data such as a weather station and a remote sensing satellite, and local irrigation response is carried out on the basis of a preset threshold value or a fixed soil moisture content sensor. The early warning model is difficult to accurately reflect the real condition of complex water stress in the field, and the irrigation decision is lack of active pre-judgment and cooperation of the regional drought evolution trend and future meteorological conditions, so that the water resource allocation efficiency is low and drought resistance response is delayed. To improve the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources, the prior art has attempted to improve from different angles. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN110738196A provides a real-time irrigation forecasting system based on regional soil moisture content monitoring and remote sensing data. The system generates irrigation forecast by fusing remote sensing data, environment data and soil moisture content prediction modules, and corrects the forecast by using an actual water use module. However, the correction mechanism mainly relies on simple comparison and adjustment of the forecasting result and the actual water consumption after the fact, and lacks of dynamic operation data (such as opening and closing frequency, duration and water consumption) of widely distributed irrigation execution terminals (such as valves) as real-time and high-density ground verification information for continuously and closed-loop optimization and correction of the front-end drought early warning model. This results in bottlenecks in the early warning accuracy in farmland scenarios with complex space-time variations. Another patent with publication number CN108764573B relates to a multidimensional water resource balancing configuration system for inland arid regions. The invention focuses on the multi-target water resource optimization configuration of a macroscopic drainage basin or a regional layer, but the regulation and control decision is mainly based on a hydrologic and ecological data model updated statically or periodically, and cannot form a tight closed loop with the real-time and active irrigation behavior and demand feedback of the field, so that the dynamic cooperation of ' macroscopic model optimization driven by microscopic water behavior and macroscopic precision prevention ' cannot be realized, and the macroscopic scheduling strategy guides microscopic precision prevention '. In summary, the limitation of the prior art is that a closed-loop system for driving the dynamic adaptive optimization of the drought early warning model by taking mass behavior data of the execution end of the irrigation system as feedback and realizing prospective and preventive water resource scheduling on the basis of the dynamic adaptive optimization cannot be constructed. The agricultural drought management has the disjoint between the key links of perceiving real drought and executing high-efficiency drought, and the early warning accuracy and the timeliness and predictability of scheduling measures are restricted. Therefore, an innovative technical scheme is needed to be provided so as to solve the problem that the feedback closed loop is lost between the existing agricultural drought monitoring and early warning and irrigation scheduling system, and the drought resistance scheduling integrated dynamic collaborative optimization cannot be realized. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provides an agricultural drought multi-scale monitoring and early warning and drought-resistant resource scheduling system which can accurately monitor drought and efficiently allocate drought-resistant resources through dynamic optimization, closed-loop cooperation and multi-objective scheduling of a double drought evaluation model. The invention provides a system for monitoring, early warning and drought resisting resource scheduling of agricultural drought multi-scale, which comprises a data sensing and executing layer and an intelligent analysis and management layer; the data perception and execution layer comprises a plurality of intelligent irrigation terminals arranged in an irrigation area, wherein the intelligent irrigation terminals are configured to e