CN-122023232-A - Construction deviation high-precision detection system and method based on three-dimensional laser scanning

CN122023232ACN 122023232 ACN122023232 ACN 122023232ACN-122023232-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction deviation high-precision detection system and a construction deviation high-precision detection method based on three-dimensional laser scanning, wherein the construction deviation high-precision detection system comprises a point cloud acquisition module, a data preprocessing module, a noise clearing module, a deviation analysis module and a report generation module, noise clearing is carried out on point cloud data in a region-by-region and component-by-component manner after point cloud data registration of a plurality of sites, the processed lightweight point cloud model is registered with a BIM model, a deviation value from a point cloud to a design surface is calculated by adopting a normal direction distance, a result directly corresponds to construction acceptance indexes such as perpendicularity, flatness and the like, a visual comprehensive analysis report is automatically generated by the report generation module, and a maximum deviation point coordinate is output for structural safety recheck, so that the problems of high precision, traceability, light intelligent assessment of full-field construction quality, multiple interferents, contrast distortion, rough analysis and the like on complex construction sites are effectively solved, and the construction deviation high popularization value is achieved.

Inventors

Liu Wosheng
QIAN FUXING
PAN YONGFA
LIU SIHUI
LIN ZHONGHE
LI PING
WANG LEI
YU GUOQING
YU JIANDONG
Tao Xianguang
ZHANG CHAOYANG

Assignees

中国建筑第八工程局有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251205

Claims (9)

1. A construction deviation high accuracy detecting system based on three-dimensional laser scanning, characterized by comprising: the point cloud acquisition module is used for acquiring three-dimensional laser scanning point cloud data of a plurality of measuring sites on a construction site; The data preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the acquired point cloud data; The noise clearing module is used for clearing noise of the preprocessed point cloud data so as to clear detection interference items and finally derive a lightweight point cloud model; The deviation analysis module is used for calculating the normal direction distance from each to-be-measured point in the point cloud model to the BIM model so as to obtain the construction deviation value of each to-be-measured point; And the report generation module is used for analyzing the construction deviation of each point to be tested and generating a visual comprehensive analysis report from the analysis result.
2. The three-dimensional laser scanning-based construction deviation high-precision detection system according to claim 1, further comprising a result feedback module for extracting and outputting spatial coordinates of a maximum deviation point according to a visual comprehensive analysis report, so as to perform structural safety rechecking.
3. A construction deviation high-precision detection method based on three-dimensional laser scanning, characterized in that the construction deviation high-precision detection is realized by the construction deviation high-precision detection system based on three-dimensional laser scanning as described in claim 1, the detection method comprises the following steps: acquiring three-dimensional laser scanning point cloud data of a plurality of measuring sites on a construction site through a point cloud acquisition module; the data preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the acquired point cloud data, and the preprocessing method comprises the following steps: Dividing different detection areas according to the construction section, and carrying out space division on point cloud data according to the different detection areas so as to eliminate interference of non-target areas; the building structure point cloud data are semantically split into a plurality of independent subsets corresponding to different component types according to the different component types; The noise clearing module is used for clearing the noise of the independent subset of each component respectively so as to clear the detection interference item; reintegrating the cleaned point cloud data of each component, and deriving after forming a lightweight point cloud model only containing structural point clouds; Carrying out spatial registration on the derived lightweight point cloud model and a building design BIM model, and calculating the normal direction distance from each to-be-measured point in the point cloud model to the BIM model through a deviation analysis module, so as to obtain the construction deviation value of each to-be-measured point; And respectively setting corresponding dynamic tolerance thresholds according to construction specifications of different component types, comparing and analyzing the construction deviation values of all to-be-measured points with the corresponding dynamic tolerance thresholds, and generating a visual comprehensive analysis report through a report generating module according to analysis results.
4. The method for detecting construction deviation with high precision based on three-dimensional laser scanning as recited in claim 3, wherein the acquired point cloud data is imported into the point cloud data processing software to complete automatic registration and step sampling before different detection areas are divided according to construction.
5. The high-precision detection method of construction deviation based on three-dimensional laser scanning according to claim 3, wherein when noise cleaning is performed on independent subsets of each component respectively by the noise cleaning module to clean the detection interference items, the cleaning method comprises: aiming at column point clouds, determining the beam bottom elevation of the highest beam in the current floor, only reserving column point clouds from the floor of the current floor to the beam bottom elevation range, and removing unstructured point clouds in the range; And the non-structural point cloud in the range from the bottom of the beam to the bottom elevation is cleaned by taking the bottom elevation of the upper floor slab as a segmentation interface.
6. The method for detecting construction deviation with high precision based on three-dimensional laser scanning according to claim 3, wherein when calculating the normal direction distance from each to-be-measured point in the point cloud model to the BIM model through the deviation analysis module, so as to obtain the construction deviation value of each to-be-measured point, the calculation method comprises: any point to be measured in the set point cloud model is P; Searching a projection point Q of the P point on the surface closest to the BIM model; Calculating the distance d between the P point and the surface in the formula I as the construction deviation value of the P point (Equation I) Wherein, the For the coordinates of the point P to be measured, For the coordinates of the projection point Q, Is the unit normal vector of the surface at the projection point Q.
7. The method for detecting construction deviation with high precision based on three-dimensional laser scanning according to claim 3, wherein when the construction deviation value of each to-be-detected point is compared with the corresponding dynamic tolerance threshold value for analysis, the allowable deviation of the column is set to be + -10 mm, the allowable deviation of the beam is set to be + -8 mm, and the allowable deviation of the plate is set to be + -5 mm.
8. The method for detecting construction deviation with high precision based on three-dimensional laser scanning as set forth in claim 3, wherein when the analysis result is used for generating a visual comprehensive analysis report through the report generating module, the content of the visual comprehensive analysis report comprises three-dimensional color spot diagram, section detail diagram, super-standard component list, qualification rate statistics table and space coordinates of maximum deviation points.
9. The high-precision detection method for construction deviation based on three-dimensional laser scanning according to claim 8, wherein after the visual comprehensive analysis report is generated, the visual comprehensive analysis report is accessed through an equipment terminal and jumps to a corresponding three-dimensional position by clicking a color spot area, so that a quality management closed loop with locatable problems and traceable responsibility is realized.

Description

Construction deviation high-precision detection system and method based on three-dimensional laser scanning Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of digital detection of constructional engineering, in particular to a construction deviation high-precision detection system and method based on three-dimensional laser scanning. Background In the process of building engineering quality management, geometric deviation detection between construction results and a design model is a core link for guaranteeing structural safety and using functions. The traditional detection means such as total station measurement, guiding rule inspection and the like have the defects of low sampling rate, low efficiency, strong subjectivity and the like, and are difficult to meet the fine management and control requirements of modern large-scale projects. In recent years, the three-dimensional laser scanning technology is gradually applied to construction quality detection due to the advantages of non-contact, full-field acquisition, high-density point cloud and the like. However, many challenges remain in practical applications: The construction site commonly has non-structural objects such as steel bar piles, template frames, scaffolds, unremoved post-cast strip supports and the like, so that the scanning point cloud contains a great deal of noise, and the reality of the point cloud-BIM comparison result is directly affected; the data redundancy is huge, a single project often generates hundreds of millions or even billions of points, and the traditional denoising method (such as statistical filtering and radius filtering) cannot accurately identify and reject non-structural points, so that the processing efficiency is low and the resource consumption is high; the comparison mode is unreasonable, the existing software generally adopts Euclidean distance to measure deviation, namely the shortest linear distance from a point to a model, but the mode can not reflect actual indexes of engineering acceptance concerns such as whether a wall surface is vertical or not, whether a top plate is flat or not, and the like; The method is lack of component level differential analysis, wherein beams, plates and columns have different permissible deviations (such as column +/-10 mm and plate +/-5 mm) in construction specifications, classification treatment is needed, and the design units are used for targeted review, and most of the existing processes are wholly compared and lack of semantic resolution capability. Therefore, a novel point cloud processing method facing to a real construction scene and having the capabilities of intelligent noise reduction, component separation and semantic deviation analysis is needed, so that the accuracy, the specialty and the practicability of a detection result are improved. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a construction deviation high-precision detection system and method based on three-dimensional laser scanning, which realize intelligent evaluation of high-precision, traceable and light-weighted full-field construction quality and effectively solve the problems of more interferents, contrast distortion, rough analysis and the like of complex construction sites. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a construction deviation high-precision detection system based on three-dimensional laser scanning, comprising: the point cloud acquisition module is used for acquiring three-dimensional laser scanning point cloud data of a plurality of measuring sites on a construction site; The data preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the acquired point cloud data; The noise clearing module is used for clearing noise of the preprocessed point cloud data so as to clear detection interference items and finally derive a lightweight point cloud model; The deviation analysis module is used for calculating the normal direction distance from each to-be-measured point in the point cloud model to the BIM model so as to obtain the construction deviation value of each to-be-measured point; And the report generation module is used for analyzing the construction deviation of each point to be tested and generating a visual comprehensive analysis report from the analysis result. Preferably, the system further comprises a result feedback module, wherein the result feedback module is used for extracting and outputting the space coordinates of the maximum deviation point according to the visual comprehensive analysis report, so as to be used for carrying out structural safety rechecking. The high-precision detection method for the construction deviation based on the three-dimensional laser scanning realizes the high-precision detection of the construction deviation by the high-precision detection system for the construction deviation based on the three-dimensional laser scanning, and comprises the following steps: ac