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CN-122024554-A - Interventional ablation simulation system and method

CN122024554ACN 122024554 ACN122024554 ACN 122024554ACN-122024554-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an interventional ablation simulation system and method, wherein the system comprises a dynamic electric heating bionic matrix module, a self-adaptive microfluidic perfusion network module and a circulating power and interface module, wherein the dynamic electric heating bionic matrix module adopts a temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer, liquid metal microdroplets are dispersed and distributed in the interior, the hydrogel is dehydrated and contracted to force the liquid metal microdroplets to fuse to form a conductive path to cause impedance reduction in the initial stage of electromagnetic heating, the conductive path is cut off to cause polarization resistance jump when continuous heating and carbonization occur, the inner wall of a pipeline of the self-adaptive microfluidic perfusion network module is attached with a thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer, the local temperature reaches a threshold value and is contracted in a phase change manner to block the flow of a cooling working medium, the dynamic heat sink effect is stripped, and a touch sensing pipeline containing shear thickening fluid and a probe clamping excitation assembly are combined. The invention realizes the pure hardware equivalent simulation of electrical evolution, vascular coagulation closure and tactile feedback in real tissue ablation.

Inventors

  • Lv Yinzhang
  • ZHAI HENG

Assignees

  • 华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260316

Claims (10)

  1. 1. An interventional ablation simulation system, comprising: the dynamic electric heating bionic matrix module (10) adopts a temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11) as a base material, and liquid metal microdroplets (12) are dispersed and distributed in the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11); The self-adaptive microfluidic perfusion network module (20) is pre-arranged inside the dynamic electric heating bionic matrix module (10), the self-adaptive microfluidic perfusion network module (20) comprises microfluidic pipelines (21) distributed inside the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11), and a thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer (22) is attached to the inner wall of the microfluidic pipeline (21); The circulating power and interface module (30) comprises a micro-circulating power pump (31), a fluid storage tank (33) and an equipment access interface (32), wherein the output end of the micro-circulating power pump (31) is communicated with the input end of a micro-fluidic pipeline (21), and the output end of the micro-fluidic pipeline (21) is communicated with the fluid storage tank (33) to form a fluid circulation loop of a cooling working medium (40); the device access interface (32) comprises a loop guide electrode (321) and a probe clamping and exciting assembly (322), the loop guide electrode (321) is electrically connected with the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11), and the device access interface (32) is used for connecting external ablation equipment; When the external ablation equipment outputs electromagnetic energy through an ablation probe (50), the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11) is heated to generate dehydration shrinkage deformation, adjacent liquid metal microdroplets (12) are forced to be in contact with each other to form a primary conductive path, and when the temperature reaches a trigger temperature threshold value of the thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer (22) along with heat conduction, the thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer (22) generates centripetal radial shrinkage to block the flow of the cooling working medium (40), so that the dynamic electric heating bionic matrix module (10) is locally thermally deposited and structurally damaged, and polarization resistance is further raised.
  2. 2. The interventional ablation simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11) is made of poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide copolymer, and the low critical dissolution temperature is between the normal tissue temperature of the human body and the ablation coagulation temperature; The liquid metal microdroplet (12) is prepared from gallium indium alloy material, a gallium oxide film maintaining structural morphology is arranged on the surface of the liquid metal microdroplet (12), the initial volume fraction of the liquid metal microdroplet (12) is configured to be lower than a conductive percolation threshold value in an initial baseline state of a system, and the whole dynamic electric heating bionic matrix module (10) presents a high-capacity impedance state.
  3. 3. The interventional ablation simulation system according to claim 2, wherein the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11) contains physiological saline components inside, and conductive ions in the physiological saline generate joule heat under the action of electromagnetic energy; when the local temperature exceeds the low critical dissolution temperature, the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11) undergoes hydrophobic phase transition and volume shrinkage, and mechanical compressive stress is applied to the liquid metal droplets (12); When the mechanical compressive stress exceeds the yield strength of the gallium oxide film, the gallium oxide film is physically broken, and the liquid alloy inside the adjacent liquid metal microdrops (12) breaks through oxide interfaces to be fused, so that the primary conductive path is formed, and the local impedance of the dynamic electrothermal bionic matrix module (10) is reduced.
  4. 4. The interventional ablation simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the microfluidic pipeline (21) is distributed according to a fractal tree topology structure and sequentially comprises a main pipeline (211), a primary branch pipeline (212), a secondary branch pipeline (213) and a reflux main pipeline (214), the microfluidic pipeline (21) is provided with a flexible pipe wall, and the outer wall of the flexible pipe wall is directly and physically combined with the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11); The thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer (22) is attached to the flexible tube wall inner surface of the primary branch conduit (212) or the secondary branch conduit (213), the thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer (22) is made of shape memory polyurethane and has a glass transition temperature corresponding to the trigger temperature threshold, the trigger temperature threshold being between 60 ℃ and 70 ℃.
  5. 5. The interventional ablation simulation system according to claim 4, wherein when the temperature reaches the trigger temperature threshold, the thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer (22) transitions from a glassy state to a highly elastic state, releasing internal pre-stored mechanical stress and recovering to an initial permanently contracted form, resulting in a physical lumen closure, stripping the dynamic heat sink effect provided by the adaptive microfluidic perfusion network module (20); The local temperature is higher than the moisture vaporization temperature and the carbonization temperature threshold of the material due to the thermal siltation, the physiological saline component in the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11) boils and vaporizes, and the three-dimensional polymer skeleton is physically destroyed, so that the continuous electron transmission paths connected between the liquid metal droplets (12) are cooperatively cut off, the polarization resistance is instantly increased, and the power cut-off protection hardware loop of the external ablation device is triggered.
  6. 6. The interventional ablation simulation system according to claim 4, wherein the secondary branch conduit (213) has a set vulnerable section provided with a sacrificial layer tube wall (23) made of a low melting point polycaprolactone material, the thermal melting threshold temperature of the sacrificial layer tube wall (23) being higher than the trigger temperature threshold of the thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer (22) and lower than the carbonization temperature threshold of the thermosensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11); the high-conductivity ionic liquid (41) is contained in the fluid storage tank (33), the high-conductivity ionic liquid (41) is used as a cooling working medium (40) for internal circulation of the microfluidic pipeline (21), and the high-conductivity ionic liquid (41) is prepared from an aqueous solution in which high-concentration free metal ions are dissolved.
  7. 7. The interventional ablation simulation system according to claim 6, wherein when the local temperature of the vulnerable section exceeds the hot melt threshold temperature of the sacrificial layer tube wall (23), the sacrificial layer tube wall (23) is hot melted and a physical hole break is created in the vulnerable section; Under the drive of the microcirculation power pump (31), the highly conductive ionic liquid (41) leaks outwards into the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11) through a physical hole; The high-conductivity ionic liquid (41) breaks the gallium oxide film on the surface of the liquid metal microdroplet (12) through chemical erosion and osmotic pressure action and is mixed with the gallium oxide film, a low-impedance physical path is constructed between the ablation probe (50) and the loop conducting electrode (321), the primary conductive path is physically covered, and the dynamic electrothermal bionic matrix module (10) is in a low-impedance short circuit state.
  8. 8. The interventional ablation simulation system of claim 1, wherein the adaptive microfluidic perfusion network module (20) further comprises a haptic sensing tube (24) embedded within the dynamic electrothermal bionic matrix module (10) defining a spatial boundary region, the haptic sensing tube (24) internally housing a shear thickening fluid (42), the apparent viscosity of the shear thickening fluid (42) increasing with increasing internal shear rate; The circulating power and interface module (30) further comprises an auxiliary power pump (34) and an auxiliary fluid storage tank (35), wherein the output end of the auxiliary power pump (34) is communicated with the input end of the touch sensing pipeline (24), and the output end of the touch sensing pipeline (24) is communicated with the auxiliary fluid storage tank (35) to form an independent circulating loop of the shear thickening fluid (42).
  9. 9. The interventional ablation simulation system of claim 8, wherein the probe clamping and excitation assembly (322) is clamped and fixed outside an ablation probe (50) and drives the ablation probe (50) to generate high frequency micromechanical vibrations forming mechanical waves inside a temperature sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11) and physically coupled into a shear thickening fluid (42) circulating inside the haptic sensing tube (24); The vibration energy of the mechanical wave is converted into high frequency shear stress, and when the local fluid shear rate exceeds a thickening phase transition critical threshold, the shear thickening fluid (42) is converted from a low apparent viscosity state to a high apparent viscosity solid-like state; The increase of the mechanical rigidity of the local structure of the touch sensing pipeline (24) is transmitted to the periphery through the internal polymer network of the temperature sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11), so that the ablation probe (50) is subjected to the reverse physical action of puncture resistance when being abutted against the space boundary area, and physical touch feedback resistance is formed.
  10. 10. An interventional ablation simulation method based on the system according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: After the system is started, the micro-circulation power pump (31) pumps the cooling working medium (40) into the micro-flow control pipeline (21) to form a convection heat exchange field, and the dynamic electric heating bionic matrix module (10) is in a hydration state and presents a capacitive impedance state; when the external ablation equipment is activated, the ablation probe (50) outputs electromagnetic energy, and the dynamic electrothermal bionic matrix module (10) is heated to generate dehydration shrinkage deformation, so that adjacent liquid metal microdroplets (12) are contacted with each other to form a primary conductive path, and the polarization resistance is reduced; As heating continues, heat is conducted to the adaptive microfluidic perfusion network module (20), and when the local temperature reaches a trigger temperature threshold of the thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer (22), the thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer (22) changes phase and generates centripetal radial contraction to block the flow of the cooling working medium (40); after the convective heat transfer is stopped due to the blocked flow of the cooling working medium (40), the dynamic electric heating bionic matrix module (10) locally generates heat accumulation, the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer (11) is carbonized to cause structural damage, and the primary conductive path is broken to raise the polarization resistance so as to trigger the external ablation equipment to adjust the output power.

Description

Interventional ablation simulation system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments and medical simulation, in particular to an interventional ablation simulation system and method. Background Interventional ablation is a minimally invasive medical treatment means, which is characterized in that an ablation probe is penetrated into focus tissues of a human body target, and high-frequency electromagnetic energy such as radio frequency or microwaves is utilized to locally generate high temperature, so that focus cells are thermally coagulated and necrotized. In order to cultivate clinical operation skills of medical staff, verify hardware performance of novel ablation equipment and optimize a surgery planning scheme, the field of medical engineering widely adopts an interventional ablation simulation system for in-vitro test. The ablation simulation system generally adopts a physical bionic phantom to replace real human tissues, so that an operator can perform in-vitro puncturing and energy output operation. In the existing in-vitro interventional ablation simulation practice, a common bionic body model is mainly prepared from conventional polymer matrix materials such as polyacrylamide gel, gelatin or agar, and a conductive salt solution with a certain concentration is added in the preparation process to endow the bionic body model with initial static conductivity. In actual simulation operations, the test personnel directly penetrate the ablation probe of the commercial medical device into the traditional static gel molds, the ablation device is started to output high-frequency electromagnetic energy, the matrix of the mold absorbs energy to generate heat and cause local temperature rise, and the test system observes the spatial distribution range of the thermal field or the test of the instrument connection used for the foundation. However, existing interventional ablation simulation systems have significant drawbacks in truly reproducing the process of electrical dynamic evolution of tissue. When receiving high-frequency electromagnetic ablation, the real biological tissue has local impedance which changes along with the change of temperature and cell morphology, and has the dynamic evolution characteristic of decreasing in the initial stage of heating and then sharply increasing in the carbonization stage. After the conventional gel mold material is heated, the ion conductive network inside the conventional gel mold material is difficult to generate corresponding structural mutation, and initial impedance descending caused by tissue syneresis and polarization resistance transient jump phenomenon caused by tissue deep carbonization damage cannot be reproduced on a pure physical hardware level. The simulation distortion of the electrical feedback mechanism causes that a control hardware loop of the external ablation device cannot acquire a real dynamic impedance jump signal on a phantom, so that the existing simulation system cannot be used for evaluating the power self-adaptive adjustment capability of the ablation device. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an intervention ablation simulation system and method, solves the problem that the existing intervention ablation in-vitro simulation system cannot truly reproduce the dynamic evolution characteristics of multiple physical fields of living tissues in the ablation process on a pure physical hardware level due to the adoption of a static phantom, and particularly solves the technical defects that the existing system cannot equivalently simulate the impedance drop firstly caused by dehydration and carbonization of focus tissues after heating, the dynamic heat sink effect stripping caused by the closure of micro-blood vessels after heating, and the dynamic mechanical tactile feedback in the puncture process, so that the power self-adaptation adjustment performance of ablation equipment and the clinical operation hand feeling of doctors cannot be accurately verified. The invention aims at achieving the above purpose by the following technical scheme that the first aspect of the invention provides an interventional ablation simulation system which comprises a dynamic electric heating bionic matrix module, a self-adaptive microfluidic perfusion network module and a circulating power and interface module. The dynamic electrothermal bionic matrix module adopts a temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer as a base material, and liquid metal microdroplets are dispersed and distributed in the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer. The self-adaptive microfluidic perfusion network module is preset in the dynamic electric heating bionic matrix module and comprises microfluidic pipelines distributed in the temperature-sensitive porous hydrogel elastomer, and a thermosensitive shape memory polymer valve layer is attached to the inner wall of the micr