CN-122024568-A - Wind power generation visualization teaching aid and method based on wind direction and wind speed real-time sensing

CN122024568ACN 122024568 ACN122024568 ACN 122024568ACN-122024568-A

Abstract

The invention provides a wind power generation visualization teaching aid and a method based on wind direction and wind speed real-time perception, and belongs to the technical field of teaching aids and wind power generation. The method is realized based on a visual teaching aid, and comprises the steps of establishing a coordinate system and a data reference, initializing the teaching aid, collecting environmental parameters, filtering the environmental parameters to obtain actual wind speed data, realizing real-time wind direction following of a wind driven generator by a yaw driving module, carrying out wind direction tracking and yaw adjustment control, calculating wind energy and power generation efficiency, synchronously updating visual display and data, and carrying out system state monitoring and exception handling. According to the invention, the wind direction and wind speed real-time detection, the autonomous yaw adjustment of the wind driven generator, the dynamic calculation of wind energy and power generation efficiency and the visual display of various dimensions are combined, so that the wind power generation process is clarified, and the interactivity of the teaching process is enhanced.

Inventors

LIU YUTONG
ZHAO CHENKAI
DING YU
CHEN WEIQI
Zhai Shuyang
Sun Yuwan
SU ZIZHENG
MA ZHE

Assignees

大连理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260309

Claims (10)

1. The wind power generation visualization method based on the wind direction and wind speed real-time sensing is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, establishing a coordinate system and a data reference, initializing a teaching aid, collecting environmental parameters, and performing filtering treatment on the environmental parameters to obtain actual wind speed data; The second step, the yaw driving module is utilized to realize the real-time following of wind direction by the wind driven generator, and wind direction tracking and yaw adjusting control are carried out, and the method comprises the following steps: step 2.1, absolute wind direction angle in the actual wind speed data of the first step Conversion to relative wind direction angle under teaching aid main body coordinate system ; Step 2.2, judging the relative wind direction angle Whether the absolute value of (2) exceeds a preset threshold If (if) then ≤ Judging that the wind driven generator is aligned with the wind direction currently, and if the yaw driving module does not act, if the wind direction is satisfied > A yaw control command is sent to the yaw driving module to enable the tower drum to rotate around the y axis at the angular speed omega to the following degree ≤ State of (2); thirdly, calculating wind energy and power generation efficiency, and specifically: Step 3.1, according to the effective wind speed after filtering Combined with air density Calculating the length R of the blade to obtain the wind sweeping area S of the wind turbine, and further calculating to obtain the real-time wind energy power ; Step 3.2, based on the wind energy utilization coefficient of the wind turbine Calculating theoretical output mechanical power of wind turbine ; Step 3.3, combine generator efficiency Calculating theoretical power Establishing a conversion association of wind energy, mechanical energy and electric energy; step four, the visual display and the data are updated synchronously; Fifthly, monitoring system state and performing exception handling.
2. The wind power generation visualization method based on real-time sensing of wind direction and wind speed according to claim 1, wherein the first step is specifically: Step 1.1, starting a wind power generation visual teaching aid, automatically detecting a wind direction and wind speed sensing module, a yaw driving module, a data processing module and a visual display module by a system, and finishing detection to enter a standby state; Step 1.2, the current external wind direction data and wind speed data are read through a wind direction and wind speed sensing module, and the current wind direction is synchronously displayed in real time through a wind direction indicator on the top of a tower, wherein the wind direction sensor outputs an absolute wind direction angle relative to the north direction The unit is the degree, the larger the clockwise angle value is, the current real-time wind speed v is output by the wind speed sensor, and the unit is meter/second; (1) wherein: The effective wind speed after t time filtering is L is the length of a filtering window; is sampling time interval, k is sampling point sequence number, t is time unit of second, v (t-k) ) The original wind speed data of the kth sampling point before the t moment is obtained.
3. The method for visualizing wind power generation based on real-time sensing of wind direction and wind speed according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1.1, the teaching aid main body coordinate system is that the center of the tower 1 of the wind power generator is used as the origin of the coordinate system, the windward direction initially set in the horizontal direction of the tower 1 is defined as the x-axis, the vertical direction with the bottom surface of the tower 1 facing upwards is defined as the y-axis, and the horizontal direction of the tower 1 vertical to the x-axis is defined as the z-axis.
4. The wind power generation visualization method based on real-time sensing of wind direction and wind speed according to claim 3, wherein the second step specifically comprises: in step 2.1, the absolute wind direction angle acquired in step 1.3 is calculated Conversion to relative wind direction angle under teaching aid main body coordinate system As shown in formula (2): (2) wherein: is the absolute wind direction angle, the wind direction angle, The method comprises the steps that an x-axis, namely an absolute azimuth angle corresponding to an initial windward direction, is used for initial installation of the teaching aid; the initial value of the yaw angle of the current tower is 0 degree, the clockwise yaw angle is positive, and the anticlockwise yaw angle is negative; In step 2.2, the preset threshold value The value range of (2) is 3-5 degrees.
5. The method for visualizing a wind power generation based on real-time sensing of wind direction and wind speed as in claim 4, wherein in said step 2.2, the angular velocity ω in yaw process is calculated Radian per second to second Radians per second.
6. The wind power generation visualization method based on real-time sensing of wind direction and wind speed according to claim 4, wherein in the yaw adjustment process of the second step, the actual yaw angle gamma of the tower is collected in real time, and the wind direction tracking precision is ensured to be less than or equal to +/-1 degree.
7. The wind power generation visualization method based on real-time sensing of wind direction and wind speed according to claim 6, wherein in the third step: In step 3.1, the wind sweeping area S of the wind turbine is: S= R 2 (3) Wherein S represents the wind sweeping area of the wind turbine, and R represents the length of the blade; The real-time wind power The method comprises the following steps: (4) wherein: R is the length of the blade; S represents the wind sweeping area of the wind turbine; Representing air density; In step 3.2, the wind energy utilization coefficient of the wind turbine is based Calculated theoretical output mechanical power according to Betz limit and actual blade aerodynamic characteristics As shown in formula (5): (5) Wherein, the The wind energy utilization coefficient of the wind turbine is represented, Is real-time wind energy power; in step 3.3, the conversion correlation of wind energy, mechanical energy and electric energy is shown as a formula (6): (6) wherein: the unit is watt; indicating generator efficiency.
8. The wind power generation visualization method based on real-time sensing of wind direction and wind speed according to claim 7, wherein the fourth step specifically comprises: Step 4.1, classifying the real-time data into three types, wherein the three types comprise environment parameters, equipment state parameters and energy parameters, and the environment parameters comprise wind directions Effective wind speed The equipment state parameters comprise yaw angle gamma and blade rotating speed n, and the energy parameters comprise wind energy power Theoretical power generation Further encapsulating the real-time data according to a preset format; Step 4.2, synchronously displaying the current wind direction in real time through a wind direction indicator at the top of the tower, wherein the rotating speed n of the blade is along with the effective wind speed Dynamically changing, displaying various parameter values in real time in a digital instrument panel mode through an LCD touch screen, dynamically displaying time change curves of wind speed, wind energy power and generated power in a line graph mode, enabling the time axis length to be 1 minute, updating in a rolling mode in real time, feeding back equipment states through three-color LED indicator lamps, wherein a green indicator lamp is normally on to indicate normal work, a yellow indicator lamp flashes to indicate yaw adjustment, a red indicator lamp flashes to indicate system faults, and simultaneously visually reflecting the generated power through brightness change of an LED lamp belt, and brightness are the same as those of the generated power Positive correlation; the real-time data is displayed in a picture, the stored data is exported through a USB interface for analysis, and the time stamp is a group of data which is stored every 5 seconds.
9. The wind power generation visualization method based on real-time sensing of wind direction and wind speed according to claim 8, wherein the fifth step specifically comprises: Step 5.1, monitoring the working conditions of all modules in real time, namely judging whether the sensor fails or not, whether sensor data are not collected for 3 seconds continuously, judging whether the yaw driving module fails or not, judging whether a unit cannot be directed to a correct wind direction within 10 seconds due to yaw adjustment, judging whether the unit fails to be in a power failure, and judging that the unit fails to be in a power failure if the unit exceeds 9-12 volts; Step 5.2, if an abnormal condition is detected, the system starts an alarm function, the red light flashes, and the LCD touch screen displays a fault type and a fault removal prompt; And 5.3, after the completion, pressing a manual reset button to restart the system, and returning the system to a normal working state.
10. The wind power generation visualization teaching aid based on wind direction and wind speed real-time perception is characterized in that the visualization method of any one of the above claims 1-9 is realized through the wind power generation visualization teaching aid based on wind direction and wind speed real-time perception, the wind power generation visualization teaching aid based on wind direction and wind speed real-time perception comprises a mechanical structure execution assembly and an intelligent measurement and control display assembly, the two components realize signal transmission and collaborative work through a wire or a wireless communication module, wherein a coaxial integrated wind direction and wind speed sensor is integrated at the top of a tower barrel of the mechanical structure execution assembly, a visualization display module and a core control module are respectively arranged in the tower barrel and the tower barrel, and integrated functions of wind direction and wind speed perception, yaw adjustment, energy conversion simulation and multidimensional visualization display are realized, and the method is characterized in that: the mechanical structure executing assembly comprises a basic fan unit, a yaw executing unit and a sensing integrated unit, wherein the basic fan unit mainly comprises a tower barrel and blades, the blades at the top end of the tower barrel are fixedly connected with a hub, the hub is connected with a simulated generator in the tower barrel through a transmission shaft and drives the generator to rotate under the action of airflow to simulate the conversion process of wind energy mechanical energy, the yaw executing unit comprises a rotatable yaw mechanism, a yaw tracking mechanism and a sensing integrated unit, the stepping motor is used as a power source to realize wind direction tracking, the angle encoder is integrated at the shaft end of the stepping motor, the yaw angle gamma of the tower barrel is acquired in real time and fed back to the intelligent measurement and control display assembly, the sensing integrated unit comprises a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor and an angle encoder, the wind direction sensor is installed at the top of the tower barrel by adopting a digital sensor, and the absolute wind direction angle is acquired The wind speed sensor adopts a cup-type sensor, is coaxially arranged with the wind direction sensor, and is used for collecting the real-time wind speed v; The intelligent measurement and control display assembly comprises a driving control module, a data processing module and a visual display module, wherein the intelligent measurement and control display module comprises the following components in detail: The driving control module comprises a yaw driving module and a blade rotating speed adjusting module, wherein the yaw driving module consists of a stepping motor driver and a stepping motor, the stepping motor is shared by a mechanical structure executing assembly, and the stepping motor receives a control instruction from a data processing unit and accurately adjusts the rotating angle and the rotating speed of the stepping motor to finish yaw positioning of a tower drum; The data processing module comprises a microcontroller, a data storage unit and a communication interface part, wherein the microcontroller receives and processes the original data output by the sensing integrated unit and transmits corresponding control commands to the drive control module, and simultaneously updates the data of the visual display module in real time; the visual display module comprises an LCD touch screen, an LED indicator light and an LED light band.

Description

Wind power generation visualization teaching aid and method based on wind direction and wind speed real-time sensing Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of teaching aids and wind power generation, and relates to a wind power generation visualization teaching aid and method based on wind direction and wind speed real-time perception. Background Wind power generation is used as an important component in the field of clean energy, and the requirements of new energy professional teaching and scientific popularization work are set forth to clearly explain the principle of wind power generation and related technical parameters, so that students can understand and master the principle conveniently. The wind power generation teaching aid on the market at present mainly comprises a static model, only can display the structural composition of a wind power generator, cannot simulate the influence of wind direction change and wind speed difference on the running state of equipment in a real environment, and lacks the real-time demonstration function of wind energy calculation. Because the change conditions of wind speed and wind direction in a wind field cannot be detected in real time, different wind speeds can be simulated only by means of manual operation or by means of external equipment, and therefore all dynamic wind power generation teaching aids cannot adapt to wind power generation processes under various different working conditions at present. And because the wind power station is not provided with a wind direction tracking mechanism of the wind power station, the wind power station can not adjust the wind direction in a self-adaptive manner all the time in actual work. The wind power generation teaching aids do not build a complete wind energy calculation model, so that students cannot clearly know how to convert various input parameters into electric energy, and the wind power generation teaching aids are only in the aspect that eyes look at the rotation of blades. Finally, most of the teaching aids can only indicate the working state of the equipment through the rotation of the blades, and cannot reflect some important wind power generation parameters such as real-time changes of wind speed and wind direction. In summary, the existing wind power generation teaching aid has the defects of poor interactivity, insufficient visualization, single function and the like, and the wind power generation teaching aid capable of sensing wind direction and wind speed in real time, automatically tracking wind direction, accurately calculating wind energy value and wind energy level and displaying wind power generation effect in a multi-dimensional and visual manner is urgently needed, so that better teaching effect and popularization effect in science popularization are achieved. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a wind power generation visualization teaching aid and a method based on wind direction and wind speed real-time sensing, which are combined with a wind direction and wind speed sensing module, a yaw driving module, a wind energy calculation module and a visualization display module to realize wind direction and wind speed real-time detection, autonomous yaw adjustment of a wind power generator, dynamic calculation of wind energy and power generation efficiency and visualization display through multiple dimensions, the wind power generation process is clear at a glance, the interactivity of the teaching process is enhanced, and the knowledge transfer efficiency is improved. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: A wind power generation visualization method based on wind direction and wind speed real-time perception, the wind power generation visualization method comprising the following steps: Firstly, establishing a coordinate system and a data reference, initializing a teaching aid, collecting environmental parameters, and performing filtering processing on the environmental parameters to obtain actual wind speed data. Specific: step 1.1, starting a wind power generation visual teaching aid, automatically detecting a wind direction and wind speed sensing module, a yaw driving module, a data processing module and a visual display module by a system, and finishing detection to enter a standby state. Defining a teaching aid main body coordinate system and initializing data acquisition parameters. The teaching aid main body coordinate system is that the center of a tower 1 of a wind driven generator is taken as an origin of the coordinate system, a windward direction initially set in the horizontal direction of the tower 1 is defined as an x-axis, a vertical direction with the bottom surface of the tower 1 upwards is defined as a y-axis, and the horizontal direction of the tower 1 vertical to the x-axis is defined as a z-axis. And then initializing and setting the d