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CN-122024683-A - Vibration isolation and noise reduction device for low-noise diesel engine room of diesel locomotive

CN122024683ACN 122024683 ACN122024683 ACN 122024683ACN-122024683-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of noise control of diesel locomotives, in particular to a low-noise diesel engine cabin vibration isolation and noise reduction device of a diesel locomotive, which comprises a composite vibration isolation material layer, a vibration isolation base, a cab acoustic coating structure and an active noise reduction system, wherein the composite vibration isolation material layer comprises a surface PU wear-resisting layer, a middle sponge sound absorption layer and a bottom damping adhesive, the vibration isolation base comprises a double-layer elastic support and a metal rubber composite vibration isolator, the cab acoustic coating structure is arranged in a cab wallboard, the helmholtz resonator array is arranged on the inner wall of an air inlet and exhaust pipeline of the diesel engine cabin, the active noise reduction system comprises a plurality of error microphones and a plurality of secondary sound source loudspeakers, and the application of the composite vibration isolation material layer realizes wide-band noise control, particularly the sound absorption coefficient can reach more than 0.7 at the frequency of 1000Hz, the sound isolation quantity exceeds 25dB, and the sound environment of the cab is effectively improved.

Inventors

  • HUANG YOUHONG
  • SUN HAOKAI
  • WANG QISHENG
  • HOU JIAZI
  • ZHANG AIXING

Assignees

  • 中国人民解放军63607部队

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260223

Claims (10)

  1. 1. Vibration isolation and noise reduction device for low-noise diesel engine cabin of diesel locomotive is characterized by comprising: the composite vibration isolation material layer comprises a surface PU wear-resistant layer, a middle sponge sound absorption layer and a bottom damping adhesive; The vibration isolation base comprises a double-layer elastic support and a metal rubber composite vibration isolator; The cab acoustic cladding structure is arranged in the cab wallboard; The Helmholtz resonant cavity array is arranged on the inner wall of an air inlet and exhaust pipeline of the diesel engine cabin, and An active noise reduction system including a plurality of error microphones and a plurality of secondary sound source speakers.
  2. 2. The vibration and noise reduction device for the diesel engine room with low noise of the diesel locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the middle sponge sound absorption layer in the composite vibration isolation material layer is 3mm, the sound absorption coefficient of the composite vibration isolation material layer is 0.7 or more at the frequency of 1000Hz through the nano technology, the sound insulation amount is more than 25dB, and the damping coefficient is 0.08 (at the frequency of 100 Hz).
  3. 3. The diesel engine low noise diesel engine room vibration isolation and noise reduction device of claim 1, wherein the metal rubber composite vibration isolator in the vibration isolation base is arranged to reduce the diesel engine vibration transmissibility from 30% to below 12%, and the support point rigidity distribution is optimized through finite element simulation.
  4. 4. The vibration and noise reduction device for the low-noise diesel engine cabin of the diesel locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the cab acoustic cladding structure comprises a gradient density sound absorption cotton and a microperforated panel resonance structure, and the density of the gradient density sound absorption cotton is 80-120kg/m < 3 >, so that the noise in a frequency band of 125-4000Hz is reduced by 8-15dB.
  5. 5. The diesel locomotive low noise diesel engine compartment vibration isolation and noise reduction device of claim 1, wherein the helmholtz resonator array is targeted for attenuation for 200-800Hz low frequency noise peak frequencies.
  6. 6. The vibration and noise reduction device for the low-noise diesel engine room of the diesel locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the active noise reduction system comprises 4 error microphones and 8 secondary sound source speakers, and real-time cancellation of low-frequency noise of 50-500Hz is achieved through an LMS algorithm.
  7. 7. The vibration and noise reduction device for the diesel engine room with low noise of the diesel locomotive according to claim 1, further comprising a constraint layer damping treatment structure, wherein the constraint layer damping treatment structure is arranged on a floor of the locomotive body and comprises high-loss factor cement with the thickness of 2mm, and the loss factor eta of the high-loss factor cement is more than or equal to 0.35 and is used for reducing structural sound radiation by 5dB.
  8. 8. The vibration and noise isolation device for a diesel engine low-noise diesel engine room of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, further comprising an optimized cooling fan structure, wherein the optimized cooling fan structure comprises 7 blades and a guide cover which are not equidistantly designed, the curvature radius R of the guide cover is more than or equal to 150mm, and the frequency spectrum peak value of fan noise is moved from 630Hz to more than 1000 Hz.
  9. 9. The vibration and noise reduction device for the diesel engine room with low noise of the diesel locomotive according to claim 1, wherein 12 groups of three-way vibration isolators are installed between the diesel engine and the frame, and the rigidity parameters of the three-way vibration isolators are 120kN/mm in the X/Y direction and 80kN/mm in the Z direction, so that a vibration transmission path blocking structure is formed.
  10. 10. The vibration isolation and noise reduction device for the diesel engine room with low noise of the diesel locomotive according to claim 1 is characterized in that the device realizes the reduction of the noise of the cab from 82dB (A) to 68dB (A) through a material-structure-active control triple technical path, and the comprehensive noise reduction amount reaches 14dB (A), thereby meeting the GB/T3450-2018 standard requirement.

Description

Vibration isolation and noise reduction device for low-noise diesel engine room of diesel locomotive Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of noise control of diesel locomotives, in particular to a vibration isolation and noise reduction device for a low-noise diesel engine room of a diesel locomotive. Background The diesel locomotive is widely applied to a domestic railway transportation system, is used as a main medium-sized shunting diesel locomotive model, and has stable and reliable performance. However, the conventional diesel locomotive has obvious noise pollution problem in the long-term operation process, and especially, noise generated by a diesel engine cabin forms a serious threat to the health of drivers. According to relevant investigation data, the average value of noise in the cab of the diesel locomotive is about 82dB (A), and the noise exceeds the 75dB (A) standard regulated by the noise limit value of railway locomotive (GB/T3450-2018), and the risk of hearing damage to a driver is obviously increased due to long-term exposure to the environment. In the prior art, a locomotive adopts a cyclone cylinder-steel plate net type secondary air filter, and the problem of abrasion of a diesel engine caused by sand penetration exists. Meanwhile, the traditional noise control measures mainly depend on simple sound insulation plates or sound absorption materials, the control effect on low-frequency noise is limited, and particularly the low-frequency noise in the range of 50-500Hz can not be effectively restrained. In addition, the existing vibration isolation measures usually only adopt a single spring damper or rubber pad, and the vibration transmission rate is as high as 30%, so that the overall noise control effect of the locomotive is poor. Therefore, development of a comprehensive low-noise diesel engine cabin vibration isolation and noise reduction device is needed, noise pollution of an internal combustion locomotive is effectively reduced through cooperation of multiple technical paths, health of drivers is guaranteed, and meanwhile the service life of equipment is prolonged. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a vibration isolation and noise reduction device for a low-noise diesel engine cabin of a diesel locomotive, which solves the problems of excessive cab noise and diesel engine abrasion of the traditional diesel locomotive through a material-structure-active control triple technical path, realizes that the cab noise is reduced from 82dB (A) to 68dB (A), and has the comprehensive noise reduction amount of 14dB (A), and meanwhile, the overhaul period of the diesel engine is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced. The invention provides a vibration isolation and noise reduction device for a diesel engine cabin of an internal combustion locomotive, which comprises the following components: the composite vibration isolation material layer comprises a surface PU wear-resistant layer, a middle sponge sound absorption layer and a bottom damping adhesive; The vibration isolation base comprises a double-layer elastic support and a metal rubber composite vibration isolator; The cab acoustic cladding structure is arranged in the cab wallboard; The Helmholtz resonant cavity array is arranged on the inner wall of an air inlet and exhaust pipeline of the diesel engine cabin, and An active noise reduction system including a plurality of error microphones and a plurality of secondary sound source speakers. Preferably, the thickness of the middle sponge sound absorption layer in the composite vibration isolation material layer is 3mm, the composite vibration isolation material layer is reinforced by a nanotechnology, the sound absorption coefficient reaches more than 0.7 at the frequency of 1000Hz, the sound insulation amount exceeds 25dB, and the damping coefficient is 0.08 (at the frequency of 100 Hz). Preferably, the metal rubber composite vibration isolator in the vibration isolation base is used for reducing the vibration transmission rate of the diesel engine from 30% to below 12%, and the rigidity distribution of the supporting points is optimized through finite element simulation. Preferably, the cab acoustic cladding structure comprises gradient density sound absorption cotton and a microperforated panel resonance structure, wherein the density of the gradient density sound absorption cotton is 80-120kg/m < 3 >, so that the noise of a 125-4000Hz frequency band is reduced by 8-15dB. Preferably, the Helmholtz resonant cavity array carries out targeted attenuation on low-frequency noise peak frequencies of 200-800 Hz. Preferably, the active noise reduction system comprises 4 error microphones and 8 secondary sound source loudspeakers, and real-time cancellation of 50-500Hz low-frequency noise is achieved through an LMS algorithm. Preferably, the vehicle body damping device further comprises a constraint layer damping treatment structure, wherein the