CN-122025199-A - Indoor pathogen aerosol propagation risk quantitative evaluation and closed-loop control method

CN122025199ACN 122025199 ACN122025199 ACN 122025199ACN-122025199-A

Abstract

The application provides a quantitative evaluation and closed-loop control method for indoor pathogen aerosol transmission risk, which relates to the technical field of public health environmental engineering, and the method comprises the steps of acquiring multidimensional environmental parameters such as space layout, ventilation operation parameters, pathogen characteristics, personnel activities, protective equipment parameters and the like; the method comprises the steps of obtaining an air concentration distribution field and a surface concentration distribution field through numerical calculation, respectively constructing a dose calculation and dose response model of a contact path and an inhalation path, wherein the inhalation path divides a respiratory tract into at least an upper respiratory tract, a bronchus and an alveolus region and calculates a partition deposition dose, adopting Monte Carlo simulation to represent key parameter randomness, outputting contact infection probability, inhalation infection probability and comprehensive infection risk, generating a ventilation control set value or control instruction meeting a risk threshold, and realizing accurate assessment and closed-loop control of indoor pathogenic aerosol transmission risk.

Inventors

GUO WEIQI
XU XINXI
FAN JINBO
SU CHEN
ZHAO XIUGUO
LI PENGHUI
ZHANG YUEHUA

Assignees

军事科学院系统工程研究院卫勤保障技术研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260126

Claims (10)

1. The quantitative evaluation and closed-loop control method for the indoor pathogen aerosol transmission risk is characterized by comprising the following steps: Acquiring a multi-dimensional environmental parameter in a target room, and storing the multi-dimensional environmental parameter in a memory of a computing device; Establishing a calculation domain in a calculation device based on the multi-dimensional environmental parameters so as to calculate an air pathogen concentration field and an object surface pathogen concentration field respectively, and extracting the concentration of a breathing zone from the air pathogen concentration field; calculating the intake dose of a contact path based on the pathogen concentration field on the surface of the object and combining with the personnel activity parameters in the multidimensional environment parameters, and inputting the intake dose of the contact path into a preset surface risk model to obtain the contact infection probability; Calculating the deposition dose of each region of the human respiratory tract based on the concentration of the respiratory region and combining the protective equipment parameters in the multidimensional environment parameters, and inputting the deposition dose into a preset inhalation risk model to obtain inhalation infection probability; Performing comprehensive risk assessment through coupling calculation according to the contact infection probability and the inhalation infection probability, and outputting statistics of the contact infection probability, the inhalation infection probability and the comprehensive infection risk; And generating control parameters of the ventilation system according to the statistic of the comprehensive infection risk and a preset risk threshold, and controlling the indoor ventilation system according to the control parameters to adjust operation parameters.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein establishing a computational domain in a computing device to calculate an air pathogen concentration field, an object surface pathogen concentration field, respectively, based on the multi-dimensional environmental parameters comprises: Establishing a computational domain in a computing device based on spatial layout parameters of the multi-dimensional environmental parameters; grid discrete processing is carried out on the calculation domain according to the operation parameters of the ventilation system and the boundary condition parameters in the multidimensional environment parameters, and corresponding boundary conditions are set according to an air supply outlet, an air outlet, a pressure difference or a leakage channel in the ventilation system; Simulating aerosol convection diffusion transport and deposition processes by taking the boundary condition as constraint and coupling pathogen characteristic parameters in the multidimensional environment parameters to obtain a primary concentration field of pathogens in air and on the surface of an object; Further incorporating the property of decay of pathogen activity over time in the preliminary concentration field results in an air pathogen concentration field and an object surface pathogen concentration field comprising the decay effect.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating a contact pathway intake dose based on the object surface pathogen concentration field in combination with a personnel activity parameter of the multi-dimensional environmental parameters and inputting the contact pathway intake dose into a pre-set surface risk model, resulting in a contact infection probability, comprises: updating the surface density of the hand pathogen after contact by adopting a surface and hand transfer model based on a concentration gradient based on the pathogen concentration field on the surface of the object, wherein the surface density of the hand pathogen before contact and the pathogen concentration on the surface of the object in a contact area need to be referred to during updating; Combining the personnel activity parameters in the multidimensional environment parameters, and calculating to obtain the intake dose of the contact route based on the updated hand pathogen surface density, the transfer characteristic of the matched surface and the hand, the transfer characteristic of the hand and the mucous membrane, the contact area, the contact frequency of the hand and the mucous membrane, the exposure time and the pathogen attenuation characteristic; And substituting the part of the contact path, which is transferred to the facial mucosa in the dose, into a preset surface risk model to obtain the contact infection probability, wherein the preset surface risk model is in an exponential form, and response related parameters corresponding to the target pathogen are required to be imported during construction.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating a deposition dose for each region of the human respiratory tract based on the concentration of the respiratory region in combination with the protective equipment parameters in the multi-dimensional environmental parameters, and inputting the deposition dose into a preset inhalation risk model, and obtaining an inhalation infection probability, comprises: Dividing the human respiratory tract into at least three areas of an upper respiratory tract, a bronchus and an alveolus, and determining a filtering effect based on protective equipment parameters in the multi-dimensional environment parameters, wherein the filtering effect is the product of the efficiency of a filtering material and a sealing degree correction coefficient; based on the concentration of the breathing zone and the filtering effect, respectively calculating the deposition dose corresponding to each zone by combining the breathing ventilation and the deposition characteristics of each zone of the human respiratory tract; Substituting the deposition dose of each region into a preset inhalation risk model to obtain inhalation infection probability, wherein the preset inhalation risk model is in a partition superposition form, and when constructing, response related parameters corresponding to each respiratory tract region are required to be imported, and superposition calculation is carried out on the correlation results of the deposition dose and the corresponding response related parameters of each region.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein performing a comprehensive risk assessment by coupling calculation based on the contact infection probability and the inhalation infection probability, and outputting statistics of the contact infection probability, the inhalation infection probability, and the comprehensive infection risk, comprises: Selecting partial parameters from the multidimensional environment parameters, the relevant calculation parameters of the contact route and the inhalation route as random variables, wherein the random variables at least comprise one or more of surface-hand transfer characteristics, hand-mucosa contact frequency, pathogen attenuation related characteristics, reaction related parameters of a surface risk model and partition reaction related parameters of an inhalation risk model; setting probability distribution for the random variable, and sampling according to the preset probability distribution by adopting a Monte Carlo simulation method; Sequentially calculating the intake dose of the contact path, the contact infection probability, the deposition dose of each region and the inhalation infection probability according to the parameter combination obtained by each sampling, and obtaining the comprehensive infection risk corresponding to a single sampling through coupling calculation; summarizing the contact infection probability, the inhalation infection probability and the comprehensive infection risk corresponding to all samples, and calculating and outputting statistics of the contact infection probability, statistics of the inhalation infection probability and statistics of the comprehensive infection risk, wherein the statistics comprise a mean value, a quantile or a confidence interval.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein generating control parameters for the ventilation system based on the statistic of integrated risk of infection and a preset risk threshold, and controlling the indoor ventilation system to adjust the operating parameters in accordance with the control parameters, comprises: Under the constraint condition that the statistic of the comprehensive infection risk does not exceed a preset risk threshold, taking at least one of an energy consumption index, a pressure difference fluctuation index or a noise index as an optimization target, generating control parameters of the ventilation system, wherein the control parameters comprise at least one of a ventilation frequency set value, an air supply and exhaust quantity set value, a pressure difference set value, an air supply and return ratio set value, an air port working condition set value or an operation period strategy; And converting the control parameters into control instructions of the indoor ventilation system, and sending the control instructions to the indoor ventilation system through a ventilation system interface, so that the indoor ventilation system automatically adjusts the operation parameters to reduce the risk of comprehensive infection.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to acquiring the multi-dimensional environmental parameters within the target room: and receiving real-time data of monitoring points of the indoor ventilation system through a ventilation system interface, wherein the real-time data comprises at least one of temperature, humidity, pressure difference, air quantity and air speed, and updating boundary condition parameters in the multidimensional environment parameters based on the real-time data.
8. An indoor pathogen aerosol transmission risk quantitative assessment and closed-loop control system, comprising: the ventilation system data interface module is used for acquiring the real-time data of the operation parameters and the monitoring points from the indoor ventilation system and sending a control instruction to the indoor ventilation system; The data acquisition module is used for acquiring the multidimensional environment parameters in the target room and storing the multidimensional environment parameters in a memory of the computing device; the concentration field construction module is used for establishing a calculation domain in a calculation device based on the multidimensional environmental parameters, respectively calculating an air pathogen concentration field and an object surface pathogen concentration field, and extracting the concentration of a breathing zone from the air pathogen concentration field; The contact risk calculation module is used for calculating the intake dose of a contact path based on the pathogen concentration field on the surface of the object and combining the personnel activity parameters in the multidimensional environment parameters, and inputting the intake dose of the contact path into a preset surface risk model to obtain the contact infection probability; the inhalation risk calculation module is used for calculating the deposition dose of each region of the human respiratory tract based on the concentration of the respiratory region and combining the protective equipment parameters in the multidimensional environment parameters, and inputting the deposition dose into a preset inhalation risk model to obtain inhalation infection probability; the comprehensive evaluation module is used for carrying out comprehensive risk evaluation through coupling calculation based on the contact infection probability and the inhalation infection probability and outputting statistics of the contact infection probability, the inhalation infection probability and the comprehensive infection risk; And the control output module is used for generating control parameters of the ventilation system based on the statistic of the comprehensive infection risk and a preset risk threshold value, and controlling the indoor ventilation system according to the control parameters so as to adjust the operation parameters.
9. An electronic device, comprising: A memory for storing a computer program; a processor for implementing the steps of the indoor pathogenic aerosol transmission risk quantitative assessment and closed-loop control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, the computer program is capable of implementing the indoor pathogen aerosol propagation risk quantitative assessment and closed-loop control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Indoor pathogen aerosol propagation risk quantitative evaluation and closed-loop control method Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of public health environmental engineering, in particular to a quantitative assessment and closed-loop control method for indoor pathogen aerosol transmission risk. Background In indoor environments with high requirements on prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases, such as negative pressure ward, ICU, fever clinic and the like, pathogenic aerosol transmission is an important way for inducing infection, and accurate assessment and effective control of transmission risk are important for ensuring the safety of medical staff and blocking epidemic spread. The related quantitative evaluation and closed-loop control method can quantify risks through scientific means and link prevention and control measures, and has wide application prospects in the fields of medical treatment and public health. At present, in the common indoor pathogen aerosol propagation risk assessment method in the prior art, the diffusion transport rule and the spatial concentration distribution of the aerosol are obtained based on numerical simulation, and references are provided for prevention and control decisions by outputting concentration field data or relative risk indexes. The method focuses only on the spatially distributed nature of the aerosol, not deeply correlating to the complete link where the infection occurs. However, the existing methods cannot directly quantify risks of concentration deposition, dose intake and full flow of infection reaction, and also cannot compromise comprehensive effects of contact and inhalation double transmission paths, meanwhile, the regional deposition difference of human respiratory tract and randomness of various key factors are difficult to embody, so that risk assessment results are not accurate enough, and accurate linkage control basis cannot be provided for prevention and control measures of ventilation systems and the like. Therefore, the technical problems of insufficient accuracy and poor control linkage of indoor pathogen aerosol transmission risk assessment exist in the prior art. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a quantitative evaluation and closed-loop control method for indoor pathogenic aerosol propagation risk, which aims to solve the problems of insufficient accuracy and insufficient control linkage of the indoor pathogenic aerosol propagation risk evaluation in the prior art. In order to solve the above technical problems, in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for quantitatively evaluating and controlling an indoor pathogenic aerosol propagation risk in a closed loop, including: Acquiring a multi-dimensional environmental parameter in a target room, and storing the multi-dimensional environmental parameter in a memory of a computing device; Establishing a calculation domain in a calculation device based on the multi-dimensional environmental parameters so as to calculate an air pathogen concentration field and an object surface pathogen concentration field respectively, and extracting the concentration of a breathing zone from the air pathogen concentration field; calculating the intake dose of a contact path based on the pathogen concentration field on the surface of the object and combining with the personnel activity parameters in the multidimensional environment parameters, and inputting the intake dose of the contact path into a preset surface risk model to obtain the contact infection probability; Calculating the deposition dose of each region of the human respiratory tract based on the concentration of the respiratory region and combining the protective equipment parameters in the multidimensional environment parameters, and inputting the deposition dose into a preset inhalation risk model to obtain inhalation infection probability; Performing comprehensive risk assessment through coupling calculation according to the contact infection probability and the inhalation infection probability, and outputting statistics of the contact infection probability, the inhalation infection probability and the comprehensive infection risk; And generating control parameters of the ventilation system according to the statistic of the comprehensive infection risk and a preset risk threshold, and controlling the indoor ventilation system according to the control parameters to adjust operation parameters. Optionally, establishing a calculation domain in the calculation device to calculate the air pathogen concentration field, the object surface pathogen concentration field, respectively, based on the multi-dimensional environmental parameters, comprising: Establishing a computational domain in a computing device based on spatial layout parameters of the multi-dimensional environmental parameters; grid discrete processing is carried out on the calculation domain according to