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CN-122025212-A - Liquid metal flexible shielding material and preparation method and application thereof

CN122025212ACN 122025212 ACN122025212 ACN 122025212ACN-122025212-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel functional material for X-ray protection, in particular to a liquid metal flexible shielding material, a preparation method and application thereof. The material comprises liquid metal and solid metal, wherein the liquid metal is used as a solvent to be filled in a gap of the solid metal, the liquid metal is gallium, gallium indium tin zinc or mercury, and the solid metal is selected from one or more of indium, tin, gold, platinum, iridium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, tungsten, antimony, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, lutetium, lead, ytterbium, thulium, bismuth, silver, erbium, holmium, dysprosium, terbium, gadolinium, samarium, neodymium, lanthanum, praseodymium, cerium and europium. The invention is based on the combination of the liquid metal solvent and the solid metal solute in the liquid metal composition, and the liquid metal and the solid metal are used for protecting X-ray radiation together, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of X-ray protection and widening the range of the types and the quantity of selectable metal elements.

Inventors

  • BAI YUNLONG
  • RAO WEI

Assignees

  • 中国科学院理化技术研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260108

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The liquid metal flexible shielding material is characterized by comprising liquid metal and solid metal, wherein the liquid metal is used as a solvent to be filled in a gap of the solid metal, the liquid metal is gallium, gallium indium tin zinc or mercury, and the solid metal is selected from one or more of indium, tin, gold, platinum, iridium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, tungsten, antimony, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, lutetium, lead, ytterbium, thulium, bismuth, silver, erbium, holmium, dysprosium, terbium, gadolinium, samarium, neodymium, lanthanum, praseodymium, cerium and europium.
  2. 2. The liquid metal flexible shielding material of claim 1, wherein the solid metal is selected from one or more of zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, platinum, gold, iridium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, tungsten, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, lutetium, ytterbium, thulium, bismuth, silver, erbium, holmium, dysprosium, terbium, gadolinium, samarium, neodymium, praseodymium, and lanthanum.
  3. 3. The liquid metal flexible barrier material of claim 2, wherein the solid metal is zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, tungsten, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, and silver, or platinum, gold, iridium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, tungsten, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, lutetium, ytterbium, thulium, bismuth, silver, erbium, holmium, dysprosium, terbium, gadolinium, samarium, neodymium, praseodymium, and lanthanum.
  4. 4. The liquid metal flexible shielding material according to claim 1, wherein the solid metal has a particle size of 100nm-100 μm.
  5. 5. The liquid metal flexible shielding material of any of claims 1-4, wherein the liquid metal is gallium indium, gallium indium tin, or gallium indium tin zinc.
  6. 6. The liquid metal flexible shielding material of claim 5, wherein the liquid metal is gallium indium tin.
  7. 7. The liquid metal flexible shielding material according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein when the liquid metal is gallium indium tin and the solid metal is zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, tungsten, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, and silver, the mass ratio of gallium, indium, tin, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, tungsten, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, and silver is 105-120:60-70:40-48:0.005-0.015:0.03-0.06:0.4-0.6:0-10:0-60:0-90:0-95:0-160:0-260:0-180:0-180, preferably the mass ratio of gallium, indium, tin, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, tungsten, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, and silver is 105-120：60-70：40-48：0.005-0.015：0.03-0.06：0.4-0.6：4-6：45-52：75-86：85-95：140-160：240-260：150-162：150-162;, and the mass ratio of gallium, indium, tin, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, tungsten, tantalum, hafnium, and silver is 105-120：60-70：40-48：0.005-0.015：0.03-0.06：0.4-0.6：4-6：45-52：75-86：85-95：140-160：240-260：150-162：150-162; 111-112：64-65：43-44：0.01：0.04-0.05：0.46-0.5：4.5-5：48-49：80-81：88-90：148-150：248-250：155-156：155-156.
  8. 8. The flexible shielding material of any of claims 1-6, wherein when the liquid metal is gallium indium tin, the solid metal is platinum, gold, iridium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, tungsten, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, lutetium, ytterbium, thulium, bismuth, silver, erbium, holmium, dysprosium, terbium, gadolinium, samarium, neodymium, praseodymium, lanthanum, the mass ratio of gallium, indium, tin, platinum, gold, iridium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, tungsten, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, lutetium, ytterbium, thulium, bismuth, silver, erbium, holmium, dysprosium, terbium, gadolinium, samarium, neodymium, praseodymium, lanthanum is 210-260：110-165：70-115：0-1：0-1：0-1：0-1：0-1：0-1：1-1：0-3：0-3：1-4：2-5：3-6：5-8：1-4：4-7：16-23：17-24：25-34：55-75：60-80：90-110：125-155：40-65：8-14;, more preferably, the mass ratio of gallium, indium, tin, platinum, gold, iridium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, tungsten, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, lutetium, ytterbium, thulium, bismuth, silver, erbium, holmium, dysprosium, terbium, gadolinium, samarium, neodymium, praseodymium, lanthanum is 230-240：130-145：88-97：0.004-0.007：0.15-0.35：0.15-0.37：0.3-0.45：0.35-0.55：0.25-0.45：0.65-0.85：0.8-2.2：0.8-2.2：1.8-2.7：3.0-4.0：3.8-4.7：5.8-6.7：1.8-2.7：5.3-6.2：18.5-20：19.5-21.5：28.5-30：62-68：67-72：97-101：138-143：50-55：9.5-11.5;, and the mass ratio of gallium, indium, tin, platinum, gold, iridium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, tungsten, palladium, tantalum, hafnium, lutetium, ytterbium, thulium, bismuth, silver, erbium, holmium, dysprosium, terbium, gadolinium, samarium, neodymium, praseodymium, lanthanum is 234-236：135-137：92-93：0.005-0.006：0.2-0.3：0.2-0.32：0.35-0.4：0.4-0.5：0.3-0.4：0.7-0.8：1-2：1-2：2-2.5：3.8-3.2：4-4.5：6-6.5：2-2.5：5.5-6：19-19.5：20-21：29-29.5：64-66：69-70：99-99.5：140-141：52-53：10-11.
  9. 9. A method for producing a liquid metal flexible shielding material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising blending a liquid metal and a solid metal into a solid-liquid coexisting liquid metal and solid metal composite.
  10. 10. Use of the liquid metal flexible shielding material according to any one of claims 1-8 or the liquid metal flexible shielding material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 9 for X-ray protection.

Description

Liquid metal flexible shielding material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to a novel functional material for continuous energy spectrum X-ray protection, in particular to a liquid metal flexible shielding material, a preparation method and application thereof. Background In the field of X-ray protection, the traditional lead-based materials are widely applied, but have a plurality of defects which are difficult to ignore. First, its density is high and results in excessive weight and excessive thickness, such as the weight of conventional protective lead clothing is often about 8kg/m 2 (100 kVp medical X-ray), and long-term wear is easy to cause shoulder and neck strain of medical staff. Secondly, the flexibility of the protective equipment is seriously insufficient, and the protective equipment cannot be attached to the human body curve, so that the flexibility of the protective equipment is limited, and the diagnosis and treatment operation efficiency is influenced. Thirdly, the radiation protection performance is limited, and when facing high-energy X rays, the protection effect can be improved only by increasing the thickness of the lead layer, so that the problem of heavy equipment is further aggravated. Fourth, lead-based materials are less stable and susceptible to cracking and flaking in a long-term irradiation environment, resulting in failure of protection. Fifth, lead as toxic heavy metal can pollute soil and water source, and is a long-term threat to ecological environment and organism health, and the requirements of modern medical protection on safety, portability and high efficiency are difficult to meet. At present, no patent or paper simultaneously utilizes the radiation protection performance of liquid metal and the radiation protection performance of solid metal. CN108951196a discloses a shielding fabric of a multilayer structure and a method for preparing the same. In the method, the shielding layer is formed by compounding 2 or more metal particles with liquid metal as a connecting agent. Wherein, at least 1 metal particle exists in the 2 metal particles and more than 2 metal particles for shielding X rays. This patent does not relate to the use of liquid metals for shielding X-rays and the total radiation protection of the designed system is poor. CN107901534a discloses a liquid metal flexible shielding material and a preparation method thereof. In the method, the liquid metal in the liquid metal layer is indium-based eutectic alloy with the melting point of 110-300 ℃. This patent is not flexible enough at room temperature and indium-based eutectic alloys have serious bending fracture problems at room temperature and are thus unsuitable for practical use. CN113025088a discloses a liquid metal radiation shielding coating material and a preparation method thereof. The method gives a mass attenuation coefficient at a single energy of 0.015MeV to 15 MeV. The energy segment distribution of the X-rays which are not single energy but different photon energy in practice is completely ignored, and the patent application does not conduct any actual anti-radiation test of the X-rays, and is deviated from actual use. In a word, in the X-ray protection of continuous energy spectrum, the liquid metal material has the realistic problems of mechanism blurring, serious insufficient radiation protection performance, dislocation with practical use and the like. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a liquid metal flexible shielding material, and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the first aspect, the liquid metal flexible shielding material comprises liquid metal and solid metal, wherein the liquid metal is used as a solvent to be filled In a gap of the solid metal, the liquid metal is gallium, gallium indium tin zinc or mercury, and the solid metal is selected from one or more of indium (In), tin (Sn), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), iridium (Ir), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), tungsten (W), antimony (Sb), palladium (Pd), tantalum (Ta), hafnium (Hf), lutetium (Lu), lead (Pb), ytterbium (Yb), thulium (Tm), bismuth (Bi), silver (Ag), erbium (Er), holmium (Ho), dysprosium (Dy), terbium (Tb), gadolinium (Gd), samarium (Sm), neodymium (Nd), lanthanum (La), praseodymium (Pr), cerium (Ce) and europium (Eu). The invention is based on the combination of the liquid metal solvent and the solid metal solute in the liquid metal composition, the liquid metal and the solid metal are used for protecting X-ray radiation (at least 1 liquid metal element and 1 solid metal element are used for shielding X-rays), the comprehensive performance of X-ray protection is improved, and the variety and the quantity range of selectable metal elements are widened. Further preferably, the solid metal is selected from one or more of indium (In),