Search

CN-122025249-A - Ultraviolet-resistant anti-aging photovoltaic cable and preparation method thereof

CN122025249ACN 122025249 ACN122025249 ACN 122025249ACN-122025249-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultraviolet-resistant anti-aging photovoltaic cable and a preparation method thereof, which relate to the technical field of cables, and the invention adopts an anti-aging layer and ultraviolet-resistant layer double-layer co-extrusion one-step molding structure, the two layers are combined continuously without gaps, so that the problems of easy stripping and non-durability of the traditional single-layer coating are avoided, and targeted protection is realized through functional layering. The anti-aging layer mainly aims at thermo-oxidative aging, mechanical stress and the like, the ultraviolet-resistant layer is concentrated on resisting ultraviolet radiation, and the anti-aging layer and the ultraviolet-resistant layer cooperate to obviously improve the comprehensive durability of the cable in an outdoor complex environment.

Inventors

  • YANG QINQIN
  • FANG JING
  • Gong Yuanliang
  • CHEN LINGXIANG
  • ZHOU JIANBO
  • WANG CHUANFU
  • ZHENG WEIMING

Assignees

  • 贵阳中安科技集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260225

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The ultraviolet-resistant and aging-resistant photovoltaic cable is characterized by comprising a conductor (1), an insulating layer (2), a shielding layer (3), an aging-resistant layer (401) and an ultraviolet-resistant layer (402) from inside to outside, wherein the aging-resistant layer (401) and the ultraviolet-resistant layer (402) are formed by adopting a double-layer coextrusion process in one-step extrusion; the anti-aging layer (401) is made of a polyolefin composite anti-aging material and comprises the following components of 70-80 parts of polyethylene, 2-5 parts of maleic anhydride, 0.1-0.5 part of initiator, 80-90 parts of polypropylene, 2-5 parts of lignin, 0.5-2 parts of dispersing agent and 1-3 parts of lubricant; The ultraviolet-resistant layer (402) is made of a self-healing polyolefin composite material and comprises 75-90 parts of polyolefin, 10-15 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 2-4 parts of zinc sulfate, 4-8 parts of sodium hydroxide, 10-15 parts of mercaptobenzothiazole, 0.5-2 parts of lubricant, 2-3 parts of antioxidant and 1-2 parts of cross-linking agent.
  2. 2. The ultraviolet and aging resistant photovoltaic cable of claim 1, wherein the polyolefin composite aging resistant material is prepared by the following method: A1, mixing polyethylene, maleic anhydride and an initiator, and then putting the mixture into an internal mixer, and carrying out mixed reaction for 5min at 170-200 ℃ to obtain maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin; A2, mixing the maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin obtained in the step A1 with polypropylene, and then putting the mixture into an internal mixer, and carrying out mixing reaction for 5min at 180 ℃ to obtain a polyolefin/polypropylene composite; A3, adding lignin, a dispersing agent and a lubricant into the polyolefin/polypropylene compound obtained in the step A2, and uniformly mixing at 180 ℃ to obtain the polyolefin composite anti-aging material.
  3. 3. The ultraviolet and aging resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 2, wherein the initiator is a bis-quaternary ammonium peroxide or a di-tert-butyl peroxide, the dispersant is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose or polyvinyl alcohol, and the lubricant is hydroxystearic acid, stearyl alcohol or N, N-ethylenebisstearylamine.
  4. 4. The uv resistant anti-aging photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, wherein the self-healing polyolefin composite is prepared by the following method: B1, dissolving zinc sulfate in 60-100 ml of deionized water, adding an aqueous suspension of beta-cyclodextrin with the concentration of 0.2M, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L into the aqueous suspension under the condition of stirring, and continuously stirring for 24 hours to obtain ZnO@beta-CD precipitate; b2, washing the ZnO@beta-CD precipitate prepared in the step S1 by deionized water, filtering, drying at 100 ℃, and calcining at 200 ℃ for 2 hours after drying to obtain ZnO@beta-CD hybrid particles; B3, preparing mercaptobenzothiazole to obtain mercaptobenzothiazole saturated solution, adding ZnO@beta-CD hybrid particles obtained in the step S2 into the mercaptobenzothiazole saturated solution, stirring for 24 hours at room temperature, performing vacuum circulation treatment for 3 hours under vacuum condition, and drying for 8 hours in an oven at 80 ℃ to obtain modified ZnO@beta-CD-MBT composite particles; And B4, putting the ZnO@beta-CD-MBT composite particles, polyolefin, a lubricant, an antioxidant and a crosslinking agent into an internal mixer, and mixing and reacting at 165 ℃ to obtain the self-healing polyolefin ultraviolet-resistant material.
  5. 5. The ultraviolet and aging resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 4, wherein the lubricant is hydroxystearic acid, stearyl alcohol or N, N-ethylenebisstearamide, the antioxidant is butyl hydroxytoluene, pentaerythritol ester, phosphite or phosphonate, and the cross-linking agent is any combination of one or more of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate.
  6. 6. A method for preparing the ultraviolet-resistant anti-aging photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: C1, stretching a conductor (1) to prepare a wire core, and extruding an insulating layer (2) outside the wire core to prepare a cable core; c2, braiding and coating tinned copper wires outside the cable core to form a shielding layer (3); and C3, extruding the polyolefin composite anti-aging material and the self-healing polyolefin composite material outside the shielding layer (3) at one time through a double-layer co-extrusion process to form an anti-aging layer (401) and an ultraviolet-resistant layer (402) which cover the shielding layer (3).
  7. 7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein in the step C3, the extrusion temperature is 160-220 ℃ when the polyolefin composite anti-aging material is extruded to form the anti-aging layer (401), and the extrusion temperature is 180-240 ℃ when the self-healing polyolefin composite material is extruded to form the ultraviolet-resistant layer (402).
  8. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step C3, after the polyolefin composite anti-aging material and the self-healing polyolefin composite material are extruded once, they are subjected to a radiation crosslinking treatment.

Description

Ultraviolet-resistant anti-aging photovoltaic cable and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to an ultraviolet-resistant anti-aging photovoltaic cable and a preparation method thereof. Background The photovoltaic cable is key equipment for connecting a photovoltaic module, a combiner box, an inverter, a power distribution cabinet and the like, and is mainly responsible for transmitting direct-current electric energy generated by the photovoltaic system, and the stability of the photovoltaic cable is directly related to the safety and reliability of the operation of the photovoltaic system. Photovoltaic devices are generally installed in places which do not occupy cultivated land and are sufficient in sunlight irradiation, such as deserts, gobi, mountain areas, offshore areas and the like, so that the photovoltaic cables need to be laid for a long time and are exposed to outdoor complex environments, and therefore, the photovoltaic cables must be capable of continuously bearing severe tests of multiple severe conditions, such as strong ultraviolet radiation, extreme high-low temperature alternation, ozone corrosion, moist heat and the like. The cable material is easy to age after long-term operation in the environment, and the problems of sheath cracking, pulverization, insulation performance reduction, mechanical strength loss and the like are presented, so that the cable is invalid, and the service life of the photovoltaic system is shortened. At present, the weather resistance of the photovoltaic cable is mainly that an anti-ultraviolet absorber is smeared on the surface of an outer sheath, ultraviolet rays can be absorbed and isolated, and ageing caused by sunburn of a protective layer is avoided, but the anti-ultraviolet absorber is only a single-layer anti-ultraviolet device, is inconvenient to use for a long time and has ageing resistance to be improved, or an ultraviolet shielding material is added into a sheath base material, an inorganic shielding material is used as a main material, the internal effect of ultraviolet rays on the base is reduced through the effect of physical shielding, the general dosage is large, the mechanical property of the base material is greatly influenced, the ultraviolet shielding material is easy to migrate in the base under the photo-thermal condition for a long time, the ageing resistance is insufficient, and the problem of orange peel surface chalking is easy to occur when the anti-aging photovoltaic cable is used. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an ultraviolet-resistant anti-aging photovoltaic cable and a preparation method thereof. In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The ultraviolet-resistant and aging-resistant photovoltaic cable is characterized by comprising a conductor, an insulating layer, a shielding layer, an aging-resistant layer and an ultraviolet-resistant layer from inside to outside, wherein the aging-resistant layer and the ultraviolet-resistant layer are formed by adopting a double-layer coextrusion process in one step; The anti-aging layer is made of a polyolefin composite anti-aging material and comprises the following components of 70-80 parts of polyethylene, 2-5 parts of maleic anhydride, 0.1-0.5 part of initiator, 80-90 parts of polypropylene, 2-5 parts of lignin, 0.5-2 parts of dispersing agent and 1-3 parts of lubricant; The ultraviolet-resistant layer is made of a self-healing polyolefin composite material, and comprises 75-90 parts of polyolefin, 10-15 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 2-4 parts of zinc sulfate, 4-8 parts of sodium hydroxide, 10-15 parts of mercaptobenzothiazole, 0.5-2 parts of lubricant, 2-3 parts of antioxidant and 1-2 parts of cross-linking agent. Further, the polyolefin composite anti-aging material is prepared by the following method: A1, mixing polyethylene, maleic anhydride and an initiator, and then putting the mixture into an internal mixer, and carrying out mixed reaction for 5min at 170-200 ℃ to obtain maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin; A2, mixing the maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin obtained in the step A1 with polypropylene, and then putting the mixture into an internal mixer, and carrying out mixing reaction for 5min at 180 ℃ to obtain a polyolefin/polypropylene composite; A3, adding lignin, a dispersing agent and a lubricant into the polyolefin/polypropylene compound obtained in the step A2, and uniformly mixing at 180 ℃ to obtain the polyolefin composite anti-aging material. Further, the initiator is a bis-quaternary ammonium peroxide or a di-tert-butyl peroxide, the dispersant is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol, and the lubricant is hydroxystearic acid, stearyl alcohol or N, N-ethylene bis-stearylamine. Further, the self-healing polyolefin composite material is prepared by the following method: B1, d