CN-122025669-A - Fuel cell membrane electrode based on cathode catalytic layer pre-pressing treatment and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell membrane electrode based on cathode catalytic layer pre-pressing treatment and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of hydrogen fuel cell membrane electrodes. Compared with the traditional process of carrying out hot pressing after the complete spraying of the cathode and the anode, the invention adopts a method for independently carrying out hot pressing treatment on the cathode catalytic layer, and has the following remarkable effects that 1, hot pressing parameters are accurately regulated and controlled, the cathode catalytic layer is independently hot pressed, the structural performance and the catalyst utilization rate of the cathode catalytic layer are obviously improved, a three-phase interface is enhanced, the pore channel structure is optimized, the mechanical stability is improved, 2, the interface contact between the catalytic layer and a proton exchange membrane is improved, the process controllability and the repeatability are enhanced, and 3, the durability of a battery is improved.

Inventors

• NING XINGJIE
• ZHANG XIAORUI
• YIN HAO
• Bi Yipiao
• FANG LEI
• GAO LULU
• CHENG WEI

Assignees

• 浙江天能氢能源科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20250922

Claims (9)

1. 1. The preparation method of the fuel cell membrane electrode based on the pre-pressing treatment of the cathode catalytic layer is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Mixing and dispersing a platinum carbon catalyst, an ionomer, water and an organic alcohol solvent to obtain cathode catalyst slurry; (2) Ultrasonically spraying the cathode catalyst slurry obtained in the step (1) on a proton exchange membrane to form a cathode catalyst layer; (3) Covering a protective film, a gas diffusion layer, a high-temperature resistant isolation layer and a pressing plate on two sides of the proton exchange membrane component which is obtained in the step (2) and is only sprayed with a cathode catalytic layer in sequence, and then carrying out hot pressing treatment; (4) And (3) spraying an anode catalytic layer on the other side of the proton exchange membrane of the component after the pre-pressing treatment in the step (3), and drying to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hot pressing parameters in the step (3) are a hot pressing temperature of 110-150 ℃, a hot pressing pressure of 0.5-3 MPa, and a hot pressing time of 60-300 s.
3. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protective film in the step (3) is a PEEK film, the high-temperature resistant isolation layer is teflon cloth, and the pressing plate is a stainless steel plate.
4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the platinum carbon catalyst is at least one of TEC10E50E, TEC V50E, TEC EA50E and TEC10F50E in the field; The ionomer is one of DuPont Nafion D520CS, D521CS and D2020 CS; the organic alcohol solvent is at least one of absolute ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol and n-butyl alcohol; The mass ratio of the platinum carbon catalyst, the ionomer, the water and the organic alcohol solvent is 1:4-10:40-100:40-100.
5. 5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in the step (1), the slurry is dispersed by using a high-speed shearing machine with the rotation speed of 1000-6000 rpm/min to treat 10-60 min and then using a high-pressure homogenizer with the pressure of 300-1000 bar to treat 10-60 min.
6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic spraying in the step (2) has the parameters of spraying flow rate of 0.5-3 ml/min, nozzle height of 20-50 mm, nozzle traversing speed of 100-300 mm/s and substrate heating temperature of 60-90 ℃; The spraying parameters of the anode catalytic layer in the step (4) are that the spraying flow rate is 0.5-3 ml/min, the spray head height is 20-50 mm, the spray head traversing speed is 100-300 mm/s, and the substrate heating temperature is 60-90 ℃.
7. 7. The method of claim 1 or 6, wherein the platinum loading of the cathode catalytic layer in step (2) is 0.35 mg/cm 2 ; The platinum loading of the anode catalytic layer in the step (4) was 0.05 mg/cm 2 .
8. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the drying is vacuum drying, The vacuum drying temperature is 80-100deg.C, and the vacuum drying time is 30-120min.
9. 9. A fuel cell membrane electrode based on a pre-pressing treatment of a cathode catalytic layer, produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Description

Fuel cell membrane electrode based on cathode catalytic layer pre-pressing treatment and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of membrane electrodes of hydrogen fuel cells, and particularly relates to a fuel cell membrane electrode based on cathode catalytic layer pre-pressing treatment and a preparation method thereof. Background The fuel cell is an efficient and clean energy conversion device, can directly convert chemical energy in fuel into electric energy without a combustion process, is considered to be one of the most promising power generation technologies in the future low-carbonization development with the outstanding advantages of cleanliness, high efficiency, wide application temperature and the like, and is favored by governments around the world and enterprises in related fields. Among the fuel cells, proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) have the outstanding comprehensive advantages of high power density, high response speed, wide working temperature and the like, have wide application prospects in the fields of electric power energy storage, emergency energy supply, transportation and the like, and become the most important development direction in fuel cell commercial application. The proton exchange membrane pile is formed by stacking a plurality of unit cells in series. The monomer unit consists of three key components of an MEA, a sealing gasket and a flow field plate, wherein the MEA is a sandwich structure which is formed by an anode, a cathode, a catalytic layer, a gas diffusion layer and a proton exchange membrane and is not distributed in a central symmetry manner, and the MEA is a specific place for electrochemical reaction. The catalytic layer of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a core component of the MEA, and the performance of the catalytic layer directly influences the reaction efficiency, the performance and the cost of the cell. The invention patent with publication number CN119812412A discloses a method for preparing a membrane electrode by one-step two-stage hot-pressing transfer printing. The method comprises the following steps of S1, coating cathode catalyst slurry on a first transfer substrate to form a cathode catalytic layer, coating anode catalyst slurry on a second transfer substrate to form an anode catalytic layer, S2, sequentially layering and tiling a first flat layer, the second transfer substrate with the anode catalytic layer formed thereon, a proton exchange membrane, the first transfer substrate with the cathode catalytic layer formed thereon and the second flat layer on a hot press, and sequentially executing first hot press treatment and second hot press treatment, wherein the cathode catalytic layer and the anode catalytic layer are arranged close to the proton exchange membrane, the treatment pressure of the first hot press treatment is smaller than that of the second hot press treatment, and the treatment time of the first hot press treatment is longer than or equal to that of the second hot press treatment. The method can improve the transfer rate of the catalytic layer, simultaneously reserve the initial pore structure of the catalytic layer to the greatest extent, and improve the peak power density of the membrane electrode. The invention patent with publication number CN119601676A discloses a cathode catalytic layer and a preparation method thereof, a membrane electrode and a fuel cell, wherein the cathode catalytic layer is arranged on the cathode side of a proton exchange membrane of the membrane electrode, and the method comprises the steps of providing materials and solution; the solution comprises water and a high-boiling point solvent, the boiling point of the high-boiling point solvent is higher than that of the water, the material comprises a catalyst and perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin, the material and the solution are uniformly mixed to obtain target slurry, the target slurry is smeared on a cathode side to obtain an initial cathode catalytic layer, and the initial cathode catalytic layer is subjected to heat treatment to obtain the cathode catalytic layer. According to the invention, the high-boiling point solvent and water are selected as the solution, so that the problem that the porous structure of the cathode catalytic layer is non-uniform due to volatilization of the solution of the target slurry at normal temperature in the coating process is avoided. The process comprises the steps of scraping a first catalytic layer, hot-pressing, scraping a second catalytic layer, hot-pressing, removing the solvent and water of the catalytic layer through hot-pressing, judging whether the removal is complete through weighing, and the process is complicated in steps, long in time consumption, and easy to cause the problems of pollution, wrinkling and the like of the catalytic layer in the secondary scraping and weighing processes. Ultrasonic spraying is a conventional technique for pre