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CN-122025674-A - Two-dimensional composite material and laser liquid phase ablation preparation method thereof

CN122025674ACN 122025674 ACN122025674 ACN 122025674ACN-122025674-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional composite material and a laser liquid phase ablation preparation method thereof, wherein the material is prepared by loading two-dimensional MXene or MBene M@MXenes or M@MBenes on metal nanoparticles, the loading metal is homologous to base metal, and the loading amount is 1.0-10 wt%, the preparation method comprises the steps of irradiating MXenes/MBenes suspension by 532 nm or 1064 nm laser, opening M-C or M-B bonds by virtue of a transient high-temperature high-pressure effect, inducing in-situ self-decomposition, and generating high-dispersion loaded particles on a non-fully decomposed sheet layer, and the preparation method is simple, rapid and controllable.

Inventors

  • ZOU GUODONG
  • PENG QIUMING
  • WANG YANGYANG
  • WANG JINMING
  • LIU JIAXIN

Assignees

  • 燕山大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260202

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A two-dimensional composite material is characterized in that metal nano particles are loaded on MXees or MBenes to form a composite material M@MXees or M@MBens, the metal nano particles M loaded in the M@MXees or M@MBens and the metal M in a MXees or MBenes substrate belong to the same metal element, and the loading amount of the metal nano particles M is 1-10 wt%.
  2. 2. The two-dimensional composite of claim 1, wherein the composite is one or more of m@mxnes or m@mbenes, mxnes is one or more of Ti 3 C 2 T x 、Ti 2 CT x 、Ti 3 CNT x 、V 2 CT x 、MoTiC 2 T x 、Mo 2 CT x 、Nb 4 C 3 T x 、Nb 2 CT x 、Cr 3 C 2 T x 、Ta 2 CT x 、Hf 3 C 2 T x , and MBenes is one or more of Mo 4/3 B 2 T z 、MoBT z 、Cr 2 B 2 T z 、Cr 2 B 4 T z 、Cr 4 B 6 T z 、Ni 2 BT z 、WBT z 、Ti 2 B 2 T z 、Fe 2 B 2 T z 、Mn 2 B 2 T z 、(Mo x ,Cr 1-x )BT z 、(Mo x ,W 1-x )BT z 、(Fe 2 ,Cr 2-x )B 2 T z .
  3. 3. A method for preparing a two-dimensional composite material by laser liquid phase ablation according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the steps are sequentially performed in the following order: S1, respectively weighing M powder, A powder, C powder or B powder according to a molar ratio, ball-milling for 4-h at a rotating speed of 300 rpm, placing the mixture in a hexahedral press, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment, and ball-milling for 4-8 hours at a rotating speed of 300-400 rpm to obtain MAX powder or MAB powder; S2, weighing MAX powder or MAB powder, dispersing in an HF aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 40-49 wt%, stirring for 10-20 hours at normal temperature, centrifuging for 10-20 minutes at 3500-4000 rpm, and drying to obtain MXes or MBenes; S3, weighing 0.5-0.6 g of MXes or MBenes g of MXes, dispersing the MXes or MBenes g of MXes in 45-50 mL of deionized water under the ultrasonic condition to form an MXes suspension or MBenes suspension; s4, under the protection of inert gas, performing liquid phase ablation treatment on the MXees or MBenes suspension by using laser, and after the treatment is finished, obtaining M@MXees or M@MBens by centrifugation and freeze drying.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the two-dimensional composite material by laser liquid phase ablation according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the temperature is 1300-1600 ℃, the pressure is 1-10 GPa, and the time is 20-60 min.
  5. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein in step S1, the MAX is one or more of Ti 3 AlC 2 、Ti 2 AlC、Ti 3 AlCN、V 2 AlC、Mo 2 TiAlC 2 、Mo 2 Ga 2 C、Nb 4 AlC 3 、Nb 2 AlC、Cr 3 AlC 2 、Ta 2 AlC、Hf 3 AlC 2 and the MAB is one or more of (Mo 2/3 Y 1/3 ) 2 AlB 2 、MoAlB、Cr 2 AlB 2 、Cr 3 AlB 4 、Cr 4 AlB 6 、Ni 2 ZnB、WAlB、Ti 2 InB 2 、Fe 2 AlB 2 、Mn 2 AlB 2 、(Mo x ,Cr 1-x )AlB、(Mo x ,W 1-x )AlB、(Fe 2 ,Cr 2-x )AlB 2 .
  6. 6. The method for preparing the two-dimensional composite material by laser liquid phase ablation according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the mass volume ratio of the MAX powder or the MAB powder to the HF aqueous solution is (1-1.1): (10-20) g/mL.
  7. 7. The method for preparing a two-dimensional composite material by laser liquid phase ablation according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the temperature is 80-100 ℃ and the time is 10-12 hours during drying.
  8. 8. The method for preparing a two-dimensional composite material by laser liquid phase ablation according to claim 3, wherein in the step S4, the wavelength of the laser is 532 nm or 1064 nm, the laser power is 500-1000W, and the laser time is 1-60 min.
  9. 9. The method for preparing a two-dimensional composite material by laser liquid phase ablation according to claim 3, wherein in the step S4, the rotation speed during centrifugation is 8000-10000 rpm, and the time is 10-20 min.
  10. 10. The method for preparing the two-dimensional composite material by laser liquid phase ablation according to claim 3, wherein in the step S4, the temperature is-80 to-70 ℃ and the time is 24-36 hours during freeze drying.

Description

Two-dimensional composite material and laser liquid phase ablation preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of novel inorganic functional materials, and relates to a two-dimensional composite material and a laser liquid phase ablation preparation method thereof. Background Two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, transition metal chalcogenide, hexagonal boron nitride, layered hydroxide and the like, have great potential in the fields of catalysis, energy sources, electronic devices and the like. In order to further explore the low-dimensional and quantum confinement effects, researchers continue to explore novel two-dimensional material systems. In recent years, two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) and two-dimensional transition metal borides (MBenes) have become ideal platforms for constructing efficient electrocatalytic interfaces due to their tunable layered structure, excellent conductivity and stable physicochemical properties. In particular, as conductive substrates, they can effectively anchor nanoparticles or monoatomic active centers, and exhibit good performance in key energy conversion processes such as Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) and Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER). However, in long-term electrochemical operation, the supported nanoparticles are prone to shedding, aggregation or poisoning, resulting in a decrease in catalytic activity and stability. To address the above issues, constructing an electronic metal-carrier interaction (EMSIs) is considered an effective strategy. The interface charge transfer between the active metal and the carrier is regulated, the d band center is optimized, the adsorption/desorption kinetics of the intermediate species is enhanced, and the trade-off relation between the catalytic activity and the stability is broken through. However, conventional methods of construction EMSIs typically rely on long heat treatments, specific atmospheres, or harsh chemical processes, which tend to cause particle sintering, structural failure, or inadequate interfacial reconstruction, limiting their versatility and controllability. This dilemma is particularly pronounced in the field of magnesium-oxygen battery catalyst development. For example, the proposal of the document 'Advanced Functional Materials' 2025, 35 (5): 2414679 'proposes that titanium oxide particles are loaded with Ti3C2Tx MXees to improve the catalytic performance of a lithium-oxygen battery, but the synthesis steps are complex, the conditions are harsh, heterojunction is dependent on Van der Waals force and hydrogen bonding, interface strength is weak, interlayer slip or stripping easily occurs in the circulation process, the document' ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & Interfaces '2023, 15 (7): 9675-9684' adopts Ru/CNT positive electrode and mixed electrolyte to optimize a magnesium-oxygen battery, although the progress in inhibiting corrosion of magnesium anode and reducing overpotential is achieved, the cycle life of the battery is only 65 circles, the gap from practical application is large, ru nano particles and CNT carriers are physical loads, particle shedding, agglomeration and the like easily occur in long cycle, the preparation method of the multifunctional coating composite material of MXene/metal nano particles is disclosed in the Chinese patent application publication No. CN202247531. X, but the defects of complex technology and long time consumption exist, the formation and loading of metal particles are easily limited by Mne reduction capability and impregnation uniformity, and the mutual absorption of particles and weak interaction with the carriers are caused, and the stability of the particles is reduced. In summary, the current magnesium-oxygen battery performance and catalyst research and development still face a plurality of key problems, the battery cycle life is short, the practical application requirements are far unsatisfied, the catalytic activity of the traditional catalyst is relatively limited, the efficient driving of oxygen reduction and oxygen precipitation reaction is difficult, meanwhile, the traditional supported catalyst is complex in preparation process and harsh in conditions, the precise regulation and control of the metal particle size, distribution and interface effect are difficult to realize, the interface binding force between particles and carriers is weak, the phenomena of particle falling and agglomeration are easy to occur in the cycle process, and finally the activity of the battery is attenuated. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a two-dimensional composite material and a laser liquid phase ablation preparation method thereof, wherein the material is prepared by loading two-dimensional MXees or MBenes M@MXees or M@MBens with metal nanoparticles, the loading capacity is 1.0-10 wt.% and the preparation method comprises the steps of irradiating MXees/MBenes su