CN-122025694-A - Single cell structure of fuel cell and integrated packaging method thereof

CN122025694ACN 122025694 ACN122025694 ACN 122025694ACN-122025694-A

Abstract

The invention provides a single cell structure of a fuel cell and an integrated packaging method thereof, wherein the single cell structure of the fuel cell sequentially comprises an anode plate, wherein one side of the anode plate, which is far away from a membrane electrode, namely the upper surface of the anode plate is integrally injected with a glue to form a water field sealing piece, and the water field sealing piece is wavy and comprises a plurality of wave crests and wave troughs which are sequentially arranged; the membrane electrode and the cathode plate, and the adjacent single cell structures are connected through a water field sealing element. The anode plate, the membrane electrode and the cathode plate all comprise a plurality of frames, so that the three-layer polar plate is divided into a plurality of groups of chambers. The wave-shaped continuous structure of the water field seal provides a longer leakage barrier for the coolant. And the assembly pressing force is uniformly distributed at each contact point at the wave crest, so that excessive compression of the water field sealing element and deformation of the polar plate caused by local stress concentration are avoided, and the long-term tightness is ensured. The multiple groups of chambers share the hydrogen inlet and the air inlet, so that the isolation space required by additionally arranging the inlets can be reduced, and the space of a power generation area can be increased.

Inventors

HU FEINING
HU HONGXIANG
KE YUCHAO
WANG JUNGUO
CHEN XIAOFENG

Assignees

安徽中鼎密封件股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260327

Claims (10)

1. A fuel cell single cell structure comprising, in order: The water field sealing piece (3) is formed by integrally injecting glue on one side, away from the membrane electrode (5), of the anode plate (1), namely the upper surface of the anode plate (1), and the water field sealing piece (3) is wavy and comprises a plurality of wave crests and wave troughs which are sequentially arranged, and the wave troughs are arranged between two adjacent wave crests; The membrane electrode (5), form the hydrogen reaction chamber between the reaction area of the said membrane electrode (5) and hydrogen runner area of the said anode plate (1); A cathode plate (10), wherein an air reaction cavity is formed between the reaction area of the membrane electrode (5) and the air channel area of the cathode plate (10); the anode plate (1), the membrane electrode (5) and the cathode plate (10) form a single cell structure, and adjacent single cell structures are connected through a water field sealing piece (3).
2. The single cell structure according to claim 1, wherein the anode plate (1), the membrane electrode (5) and the cathode plate (10) each comprise a plurality of rims, so that the three-layer plates are divided into a plurality of groups of chambers (2), each group of chambers (2) comprises a first chamber (21) and a second chamber (22), a hydrogen inlet (26) and an air inlet (29) are arranged between the first chamber (21) and the second chamber (22), a first hydrogen outlet (27) and a first air outlet (201) are arranged on one side of the first chamber (21) facing away from the second chamber (22), and a second hydrogen outlet (28) and a second air outlet (202) are arranged on one side of the second chamber (22) facing away from the first chamber (21).
3. Cell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that for the anode plate (1) a cooling fluid inlet (23) is further arranged between the first chamber (21) and the second chamber (22), a first cooling fluid outlet (24) is arranged at the side of the first chamber (21) facing away from the second chamber (22), a second cooling fluid outlet (25) is arranged at the side of the second chamber (22) facing away from the first chamber (21), and the cooling fluid inlet (23) is not only in communication with the first chamber (21) but also in communication with the second chamber (22).
4. The single cell structure according to claim 2, wherein the anode plate (1) is provided with an anode plate hydrogen inlet, an anode plate first hydrogen outlet, an anode plate second hydrogen outlet, an anode plate air inlet, an anode plate first air outlet and an anode plate second air outlet, the membrane electrode (5) is provided with a membrane electrode hydrogen inlet, a membrane electrode first hydrogen outlet, a membrane electrode second hydrogen outlet, a membrane electrode air inlet, a membrane electrode first air outlet and a membrane electrode second air outlet, the cathode plate (10) is provided with a cathode plate hydrogen inlet, a cathode plate first hydrogen outlet, a cathode plate second hydrogen outlet, a cathode plate air inlet, a cathode plate first air outlet and a cathode plate second air outlet; The anode plate hydrogen inlet, the membrane electrode hydrogen inlet and the cathode plate hydrogen inlet are correspondingly arranged and are communicated together to form a hydrogen inlet flow channel, the anode plate first hydrogen outlet, the membrane electrode first hydrogen outlet and the cathode plate first hydrogen outlet are correspondingly arranged and are communicated together to form a first hydrogen outlet flow channel, the anode plate second hydrogen outlet, the membrane electrode second hydrogen outlet and the cathode plate second hydrogen outlet are correspondingly arranged and are communicated together to form a second hydrogen outlet flow channel, the anode plate air inlet, the membrane electrode air inlet and the cathode plate air inlet are correspondingly arranged and are communicated together to form an air inlet flow channel, the anode plate first air outlet, the membrane electrode first air outlet and the cathode plate first air outlet are correspondingly arranged and are communicated together to form a first air outlet flow channel, and the anode plate second air outlet, the membrane electrode second air outlet and the cathode plate second air outlet are correspondingly arranged and are communicated together to form a second air outlet flow channel.
5. The single cell structure according to claim 4, wherein the anode plate (1) is provided with a bridge piece (4), and the anode plate cooling liquid inlet, the anode plate first cooling liquid outlet and the anode plate second cooling liquid outlet are all provided with the bridge piece (4).
6. The cell structure according to claim 5, wherein the bridge piece (4) comprises a support plate (41) and ribs (42), the ribs (42) are protrusions arranged on the surface of the support plate (41), and the support plate (41) and the anode plate (1) are bonded.
7. The cell structure according to claim 4, wherein the hydrogen intake runner is not in communication with both the first chamber (21) and the second chamber (22), and the air intake runner is not in communication with both the first chamber (21) and the second chamber (22).
8. The cell structure according to claim 1, wherein one of the anode plate (1) outer periphery, the membrane electrode (5) outer periphery is coated with a hydrogen bonding adhesive film (6), and one of the cathode plate (10) outer periphery and the membrane electrode (5) outer periphery is coated with an air bonding adhesive film (8).
9. The cell structure of claim 4, wherein a hydrogen port local PEN support (7) is disposed between the anode plate hydrogen inlet and the membrane electrode hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen port local PEN support (7) is disposed between the anode plate first hydrogen outlet and the membrane electrode first hydrogen outlet, a hydrogen port local PEN support (7) is disposed between the anode plate second hydrogen outlet and the membrane electrode second hydrogen outlet, an air port local PEN support (9) is disposed between the cathode plate air inlet and the membrane electrode air inlet, an air port local PEN support (9) is disposed between the cathode plate first air outlet and the membrane electrode first air outlet, and an air port local PEN support (9) is disposed between the cathode plate second air outlet and the membrane electrode second air outlet.
10. The integrated packaging method of a single cell structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: step one, an integrated glue injection and vulcanization molding water field sealing piece (3) is arranged on one side of the anode plate (1) away from the membrane electrode (5), and a bridge piece (4) is arranged at a cooling liquid inlet and outlet of the anode plate (1); Step two, one of the periphery of the anode plate (1) and the periphery of the membrane electrode (5) is coated with a hydrogen bonding adhesive film (6), one of the periphery of the cathode plate (10) and the periphery of the membrane electrode (5) is coated with an air bonding adhesive film (8), the surface of the membrane electrode (5) facing the anode plate (1) is adhered with a hydrogen port local PEN support (7), and the surface of the membrane electrode (5) facing the cathode plate (10) is adhered with an air port local PEN support (9); step three, stacking the anode plate (1), the membrane electrode (5) and the cathode plate (10), and performing cold pressing procedure for positioning and pre-pressing; And fourthly, performing a hot pressing process.

Description

Single cell structure of fuel cell and integrated packaging method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a single cell structure of a fuel cell and an integrated packaging method thereof. Background The hydrogen fuel cell is a basic component unit of a hydrogen fuel cell stack, the core structure of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is composed of a Membrane Electrode (MEA) and a cathode plate, the membrane electrode is used as a core site of electrochemical reaction, a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer are integrated, the hydrogen fuel cell is respectively provided with key functions of hydrogen ion selective conduction, accelerating oxyhydrogen electrochemical reaction, providing a diffusion channel for reaction gas and generating water, and the cathode plate and the membrane electrode are matched, so that even distribution and effective separation of hydrogen and oxygen are realized, the functions of collecting and conducting current, radiating heat and short-circuiting are also completed, and all the components cooperate to complete the oxyhydrogen electrochemical reaction and realize direct conversion from chemical energy to electric energy. The connection between each component needs to form multi-level and multi-interface sealing, wherein the multi-level and multi-interface sealing comprises sealing between a membrane electrode and a cathode and anode plate, preventing hydrogen and oxygen from channeling, sealing between adjacent cathode and anode plates ensures independent isolation of each reaction chamber and leakage of cooling liquid, sealing the joint surfaces of an anode plate group, an end plate and a pressing plate after the whole pile is stacked so as to avoid leakage of media, and meanwhile, connecting surfaces of inlet and outlet pipelines of hydrogen, oxygen, air and cooling liquid and pile interfaces, valve members of an auxiliary system, a pump body, a joint and hydrogen storage related components also need to correspond to air tightness or liquid tightness sealing. And the fuel single cell has low general continuous power generation efficiency. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a fuel cell structure and an integrated packaging method thereof, so as to solve the problems of poor tightness and low power generation efficiency of the cell structure in the prior art. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: A fuel cell unit cell structure comprising, in order: the anode plate is integrally injected with glue on one side, away from the membrane electrode, of the anode plate, namely the upper surface of the anode plate, and the water field sealing piece is wavy and comprises a plurality of wave crests and wave troughs which are sequentially arranged, and the wave troughs are arranged between every two adjacent wave crests; the membrane electrode, form the hydrogen reaction chamber between the hydrogen runner area of the said anode plate and the reaction area of the said membrane electrode; a cathode plate, wherein an air reaction cavity is formed between the reaction area of the membrane electrode and the air channel area of the cathode plate; the anode plate, the membrane electrode and the cathode plate form a single cell structure, and adjacent single cell structures are connected through a water field sealing piece. Further, the anode plate, the membrane electrode and the cathode plate all comprise a plurality of frames, so that the three-layer electrode plate is divided into a plurality of groups of chambers, each group of chambers comprises a first chamber and a second chamber, a hydrogen inlet and an air inlet are arranged between the first chamber and the second chamber, a first hydrogen outlet and a first air outlet are arranged on one side, deviating from the second chamber, of the first chamber, and a second hydrogen outlet and a second air outlet are arranged on one side, deviating from the first chamber, of the second chamber. Further, for the anode plate, a cooling liquid inlet is further arranged between the first chamber and the second chamber, a first cooling liquid outlet is arranged on one side, away from the second chamber, of the first chamber, a second cooling liquid outlet is arranged on one side, away from the first chamber, of the second chamber, and the cooling liquid inlet is communicated with the first chamber and the second chamber. The anode plate is provided with an anode plate hydrogen inlet, an anode plate first hydrogen outlet, an anode plate second hydrogen outlet, an anode plate air inlet, an anode plate first air outlet and an anode plate second air outlet, the membrane electrode is provided with a membrane electrode hydrogen inlet, a membrane electrode first hydrogen outlet, a membrane electrode second hydrogen outlet, a membrane electrode air inlet, a memb