CN-122025697-A - Vehicle, fuel cell system and heat dissipation system determining method thereof

CN122025697ACN 122025697 ACN122025697 ACN 122025697ACN-122025697-A

Abstract

The application discloses a vehicle, a fuel cell system and a method for determining a heat radiation system thereof, wherein the method comprises the steps of calculating reference air inlet based on the heat radiation power requirement of the fuel cell system and the ambient temperature of a target operation condition; the method comprises the steps of converting reference air inlet quantity into required air inlet quantity matched with target operation conditions, determining an air inlet area and an air inlet mode by utilizing the required air inlet quantity, establishing and operating a simulation model according to the air inlet area and the air inlet mode to perform heat dissipation verification, and determining a heat dissipation system of the fuel cell system based on configuration corresponding to the simulation model passing the heat dissipation verification. The application can match the design of the heat radiation system with the conditions of high speed, high temperature and high altitude in the actual running of the train, thereby improving the heat radiation performance, the working stability and the running reliability of the system under the complex working condition.

Inventors

WANG HAOLIN
LI YANKUN
LI DUANKAI
LIU MING
ZHANG YIN

Assignees

中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260324

Claims (20)

1. A heat dissipation system determination method of a fuel cell system, characterized by comprising: Calculating a reference air intake based on the heat dissipation power requirement of the fuel cell system and the ambient temperature of the target operating condition; Converting the reference air inlet amount into a required air inlet amount matched with the target operation working condition; Determining an air inlet area and an air inlet mode by utilizing the required air inlet quantity; And establishing and running a simulation model according to the air inlet area and the air inlet mode to perform heat radiation verification, and determining a heat radiation system of the fuel cell system based on the configuration corresponding to the simulation model passing the heat radiation verification.
2. The heat dissipation system determination method of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein determining a heat dissipation power demand of the fuel cell system comprises: determining a first heat dissipation power of a stack body in the fuel cell system; Determining a second heat dissipation power of the remaining system components of the fuel cell system except for the stack body; And determining the heat dissipation power requirement of the fuel cell system according to the first heat dissipation power and the second heat dissipation power.
3. The heat radiation system determination method of a fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein determining the first heat radiation power of the cell stack body in the fuel cell system comprises: determining a stack current, a number of stack sections, and a single-section voltage in the fuel cell system; And calculating the first heat dissipation power of the electric pile body based on the electric pile current, the electric pile number and the single-section voltage.
4. The heat radiation system determination method of a fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein calculating the first heat radiation power of the cell stack body based on the cell stack current, the cell stack number, and the single-segment voltage comprises: Calculating the first heat dissipation power by using a first relation, wherein the first relation is ; Wherein W1 is the first heat dissipation power, V is the single-section voltage, I is the pile current, and N is the pile number.
5. The method of determining a heat dissipation system for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein calculating the reference intake air amount based on a heat dissipation power demand of the fuel cell system and an ambient temperature of a target operation condition comprises: Calculating a reference air flow mass based on a second relation, and taking the reference air flow mass as the reference air inlet quantity; The second relation is M is the reference air flow mass, c is the specific heat capacity of air, For air temperature rise determined based on the ambient temperature for the target operating condition, Q is the heat dissipation power demand.
6. The method of determining a heat dissipation system for a fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein converting the reference intake air amount to a required intake air amount matching the target operation condition comprises: converting the air density according to the altitude of the target operation condition; and correcting the reference air inlet quantity based on the converted air density to obtain the required air inlet quantity.
7. The method for determining a heat dissipation system for a fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein correcting the reference intake air amount based on the converted air density to obtain the required intake air amount comprises: obtaining a required air flow quality based on a third relation, wherein the required air flow quality is used as the required air inlet quantity, and the third relation is that Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, For the desired air flow quality in question, For the converted air density, For a standard air density, m is the reference air flow mass.
8. The method for determining a heat dissipation system of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein determining an air intake area and an air intake mode using the required air intake amount comprises: And determining an air inlet area and an air inlet mode based on the constraint conditions of the required air inlet quantity and the system layout space.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the air intake mode includes an upper intake side-out, a side-in upper-out, or a side-in side-out.
10. The method for determining a heat dissipation system of a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein establishing a simulation model based on the air intake area and the air intake manner comprises: And establishing a joint simulation model comprising a whole vehicle wind tunnel model, a fuel cell system cooling model and a fan model, wherein a radiator core in the fuel cell system cooling model is modeled as a porous medium area arranged in a flow field in the joint simulation.
11. The heat radiation system determination method of a fuel cell system according to claim 10, characterized by further comprising: determining a viscous drag coefficient and an inertial drag coefficient by determining a fluid velocity-pressure drop curve for the radiator core; And inputting the viscous drag coefficient and the inertial drag coefficient into the joint simulation model as boundary conditions.
12. The heat radiation system determining method of fuel cell system according to claim 10, wherein running the simulation model for heat radiation verification includes: Operating the joint simulation model to obtain simulated air inlet quantity; Comparing the simulated air intake with the required air intake; And if the simulated air inlet quantity is larger than or equal to the required air inlet quantity, judging that the heat radiation verification is passed.
13. A fuel cell system, characterized by comprising: A galvanic pile body; a heat radiation system determined based on the heat radiation system determination method of a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. The fuel cell system according to claim 13, wherein the heat dissipation system includes: the radiator core body is used for radiating heat generated by the electric pile body; and the fan is used for driving airflow to flow through the radiator core.
15. The fuel cell system according to claim 14, wherein the heat dissipation system further comprises: and the air duct structure is connected between the fan and the radiator core and is used for guiding airflow to flow through the radiator core.
16. The fuel cell system according to claim 13, characterized in that the fuel cell system further comprises: And the control unit is in communication connection with the heat dissipation system and is used for receiving the environmental parameters and adjusting the operation state of the heat dissipation system according to the target operation working condition.
17. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: a vehicle body; the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 13 to 16; And the hydrogen storage system is connected with the fuel cell system and is used for providing hydrogen to a pile body in the fuel cell system.
18. The vehicle of claim 17, characterized in that the vehicle further comprises: and the traction transmission system is electrically connected with the fuel cell system.
19. The vehicle of claim 17, characterized in that the vehicle further comprises: The high-voltage power distribution system is electrically connected with the fuel cell system.
20. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein the vehicle body has an air intake formed therein that communicates with an air intake path of a heat dissipation system in the fuel cell system.

Description

Vehicle, fuel cell system and heat dissipation system determining method thereof Technical Field The present application relates to the field of heat dissipation design, and in particular, to a vehicle, a fuel cell system, and a method for determining a heat dissipation system thereof. Background The hydrogen fuel cell is used as a high-efficiency and clean distributed green energy source, is mainly focused on low-speed vehicles (such as a crane locomotive, a tramcar and the like), and a heat dissipation system of the hydrogen fuel cell can be designed based on a static state or a low-speed state, however, for a hydrogen energy source high-speed train with a speed grade of 160km/h or more, the hydrogen energy source high-speed train has high running speed and long continuous running time and needs to be suitable for complex environments such as high temperature, high altitude and the like. The change of the external air flow field during high-speed running leads to the reduction of the air suction capacity of the fan, the heat dissipation temperature difference is reduced in a high-temperature environment, the air in a high-altitude area is rarefaction, the actual air intake is further reduced, if the heat dissipation system is still matched according to the plain, normal temperature and standing working conditions, the heat dissipation capacity of the fuel cell is insufficient, the water temperature of a galvanic pile is increased, the output power is reduced, even the fault shutdown is caused, and the running safety and the running reliability of a train are seriously influenced. Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problem is a problem that a person skilled in the art needs to solve at present. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a vehicle, a fuel cell system and a method for determining a heat dissipation system of the vehicle, wherein the design of the heat dissipation system can be matched with the conditions of high speed, high temperature and high altitude in the actual operation of a train, so that the heat dissipation performance, the working stability and the operation reliability of the system under complex working conditions are improved. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for determining a heat dissipation system of a fuel cell system, including: Calculating a reference air intake based on the heat dissipation power requirement of the fuel cell system and the ambient temperature of the target operating condition; Converting the reference air inlet amount into a required air inlet amount matched with the target operation working condition; Determining an air inlet area and an air inlet mode by utilizing the required air inlet quantity; And establishing and running a simulation model according to the air inlet area and the air inlet mode to perform heat radiation verification, and determining a heat radiation system of the fuel cell system based on the configuration corresponding to the simulation model passing the heat radiation verification. Optionally, determining the heat dissipation power requirement of the fuel cell system includes: determining a first heat dissipation power of a stack body in the fuel cell system; Determining a second heat dissipation power of the remaining system components of the fuel cell system except for the stack body; And determining the heat dissipation power requirement of the fuel cell system according to the first heat dissipation power and the second heat dissipation power. Optionally, determining the first heat dissipation power of the stack body in the fuel cell system includes: determining a stack current, a number of stack sections, and a single-section voltage in the fuel cell system; And calculating the first heat dissipation power of the electric pile body based on the electric pile current, the electric pile number and the single-section voltage. Optionally, calculating the first heat dissipation power of the electric pile body based on the electric pile current, the electric pile number and the single-section voltage includes: Calculating the first heat dissipation power by using a first relation, wherein the first relation is ; Wherein W1 is the first heat dissipation power, V is the single-section voltage, I is the pile current, and N is the pile number. Optionally, calculating the reference intake based on the heat dissipation power requirement of the fuel cell system and the ambient temperature of the target operating condition includes: Calculating a reference air flow mass based on a second relation, and taking the reference air flow mass as the reference air inlet quantity; The second relation is M is the reference air flow mass, c is the specific heat capacity of air,For air temperature rise determined based on the ambient temperature for the target operating condition, Q is the heat dissipation power demand. Optionally, converting the reference a