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CN-122025712-A - Slurry hydrogen energy storage system and method

CN122025712ACN 122025712 ACN122025712 ACN 122025712ACN-122025712-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage, and discloses a slurry hydrogen energy storage system and a slurry hydrogen energy storage method, which are cooperated with a split tower type storage tank through a hydrogen production device and a hydrogen compressor, and the heating and cooling channels of the heat exchange unit are combined, so that the hydrogen conveying and compression efficiency is improved, the vacuum equipment assists in hydrogen conveying, and the conveying effect is further optimized. The liquid nitrogen tank is matched with the cold storage module and the normal secondary hydrogen converter, so that the energy consumption in the hydrogen treatment process is reduced, the liquid hydrogen evaporation loss is reduced, the economical efficiency of liquid hydrogen storage is improved, the tower-separating storage tank is matched with the slurry hydrogen storage tank, the low-temperature slurry storage is realized by converting liquid hydrogen into slurry hydrogen, the energy storage quality and the energy capacity in unit volume can be remarkably improved, and the large-scale energy storage scene is adapted. The nitrogen fixation heat exchanger, the liquid hydrogen expander and the hydrogen fuel cell generator set are connected, so that the energy storage is released efficiently, fossil fuel is not needed, the energy storage device is clean and environment-friendly, the application bottlenecks of pumped storage and compressed air energy storage are avoided, and the flexibility and the safety stability of a power grid are improved.

Inventors

  • Xie fushou
  • PENG WEIWU

Assignees

  • 西安交通大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260206

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a thick liquid hydrogen energy storage system, its characterized in that includes hydrogen plant (1) and branch tower storage tank (11), branch tower storage tank (11) top and middle part are connected with hydrogen compressor (2) through the intensification passageway of heat transfer unit respectively, hydrogen plant (1) are connected with hydrogen compressor (2), be provided with vacuum equipment (3) between branch tower storage tank (11) bottom and hydrogen compressor (2), vacuum equipment (3) set up at the intensification passageway end, hydrogen compressor (2) are connected with nitrogen fixation heat exchanger (9) through the cooling passageway of heat transfer unit, nitrogen fixation heat exchanger (9) are connected with branch tower storage tank (11) top, be provided with liquid nitrogen pond (5) and positive secondary hydrogen converter (6) that connect gradually between hydrogen compressor (2) and nitrogen fixation heat exchanger (9), be connected with the module on liquid nitrogen pond (5), branch tower storage tank (11) bottom is connected with thick liquid hydrogen storage tank (12), thick liquid hydrogen storage tank (12) bottom has connected with nitrogen fixation heat exchanger (9), hydrogen expansion device (17) and hydrogen generator set (21) in proper order.
  2. 2. A slurry hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange unit comprises a third cryogenic heat exchanger (703), a second cryogenic heat exchanger (702), a first cryogenic heat exchanger (701) and a hydrogen pre-cooling heat exchanger (4) connected in sequence from the split tower storage tank (11) to the hydrogen compressor (2); The hydrogen precooling heat exchanger (4) is provided with 1 cooling channel and 3 heating channels which are mutually independent in heat exchange, the first low-temperature heat exchanger (701), the second low-temperature heat exchanger (702) and the third low-temperature heat exchanger (703) are respectively provided with 1 cooling channel and 2 heating channels which are mutually independent in heat exchange, and the liquid nitrogen tank (5) is internally provided with 1 cooling channel immersed in liquid nitrogen, and the cooling channels are sequentially communicated.
  3. 3. The slurry hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein the outlet of the cooling channel of the first cryogenic heat exchanger (701) is provided with a split-flow structure, one path is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen expander (8), the outlet of the hydrogen expander (8) is connected to the heating channel pipeline between the second cryogenic heat exchanger (702) and the third cryogenic heat exchanger (703), and the other path is connected to the cooling channel of the second cryogenic heat exchanger (702) and then connected to the cooling channel inlet of the nitrogen fixation heat exchanger (9).
  4. 4. A slurry hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that a throttle valve (10) is arranged between the cooling channel of the third heat exchanger (703) and the split tower storage tank (11).
  5. 5. A slurry hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that a cryopump (13) is arranged between the slurry hydrogen storage tank (12) and the nitrogen fixation heat exchanger (9), and a heating channel of the first preheating heat exchanger (1601), a heating channel of the second preheating heat exchanger (1602) and a liquid hydrogen expander (17) are sequentially connected between the nitrogen fixation heat exchanger (9) and the fuel cell (21).
  6. 6. A slurry hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein the cold storage module comprises a liquid nitrogen storage tank (14), a nitrogen throttle valve (15), a high pressure nitrogen storage tank (18), a nitrogen compressor (19) and a liquid nitrogen pump (20); The nitrogen gas outlet of liquid nitrogen pond (5) is connected the heating channel entry of hydrogen precooling heat exchanger (4), hydrogen precooling heat exchanger (4) heating channel exit linkage nitrogen compressor (19), nitrogen compressor (19) are connected with high-pressure nitrogen storage tank (18), high-pressure nitrogen storage tank (18) are connected with the cooling channel of second preheat heat exchanger (1602) and first preheat heat exchanger (1601) in proper order, first preheat heat exchanger (1601) are connected with nitrogen throttle valve (15), nitrogen throttle valve (15) are connected with liquid nitrogen storage tank (14) and nitrogen fixation heat exchanger (9) respectively, nitrogen fixation heat exchanger (9) are provided with liquid nitrogen export and are connected with liquid nitrogen pond (5), liquid nitrogen storage tank (14) are connected with liquid nitrogen pump (20), liquid nitrogen pump (20) are connected with liquid nitrogen pond (5).
  7. 7. The slurry hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the tower-separating storage tank (11) is divided into an upper liquid hydrogen storage area and a lower slurry hydrogen preparation area, a backflow hydrogen outlet and a liquid hydrogen feed inlet are arranged at the top of the upper liquid hydrogen storage area, the backflow hydrogen outlet is connected with a heating channel of the heat exchange unit, a liquid discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the upper liquid hydrogen storage area, the liquid discharge outlet is communicated with a liquid hydrogen inlet for preparing lower slurry hydrogen, a discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the lower slurry hydrogen preparation, a vacuumizing outlet is arranged at the top of the lower liquid hydrogen storage area, and the vacuumizing outlet is connected with the vacuum equipment (3) through the heating channel of the heat exchange unit.
  8. 8. A slurry hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the slurry hydrogen storage tank (12) is connected with a slurry hydrogen storage and transportation module.
  9. 9. A slurry hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen fuel cell generator set (21) is connected to an external power grid.
  10. 10. A slurry hydrogen energy storage method is characterized by comprising the steps of generating hydrogen by a hydrogen generating device (1) and conveying the hydrogen to a hydrogen compressor (2), heating the hydrogen by a heating channel of a heat exchange unit, conveying the hydrogen to the hydrogen compressor (2), simultaneously assisting in conveying the hydrogen by a vacuum device (3), cooling the hydrogen compressed by the hydrogen compressor (2) by a cooling channel of the heat exchange unit, sequentially processing the hydrogen by a liquid nitrogen tank (5) and a normal secondary hydrogen converter (6), wherein the liquid nitrogen tank (5) realizes cold accumulation by a cold accumulation module, conveying the processed hydrogen to a nitrogen fixing heat exchanger (9) for further processing, conveying the processed hydrogen to a tower division type storage tank (11) for storage, conveying materials stored at the bottom of the tower division type storage tank (11) to a slurry hydrogen storage tank (12) for storage, and conveying the materials at the bottom of the slurry hydrogen storage tank (12) to a nitrogen fixing heat exchanger (9) and a liquid hydrogen expander (17) for treatment in sequence when the energy storage is released, and conveying the materials to a hydrogen fuel cell generator set (21) for realizing energy output.

Description

Slurry hydrogen energy storage system and method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage, and particularly relates to a slurry hydrogen energy storage system and a slurry hydrogen energy storage method. Background The global energy is converted to clean low carbon, the installed capacity of renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like and the permeability of a power grid are continuously improved, and a large-scale energy storage technology becomes a key for solving the problems of intermittence and fluctuation of the renewable energy sources, realizing the space-time transfer of electric energy, ensuring the safety and stability of the power grid and promoting the efficient consumption of the renewable energy sources. The intermittence and fluctuation of renewable energy sources bring serious challenges to power grid regulation and power balance, the existing commercial large-scale energy storage mode has application limitation, hydrogen energy is used as a potential energy storage carrier, and the low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage mode faces economic constraint problems. Aiming at the challenges brought by renewable energy grid connection, two main commercial large-scale energy storage schemes, namely pumped storage and compressed air energy storage, are formed at present, meanwhile, hydrogen energy is regarded as a large-scale energy storage carrier with great potential due to the advantages of high energy density, long-term storage, cleanness, environmental protection and the like, wherein the low-temperature liquid hydrogen is used for improving the storage and transportation density through greatly compressing the volume of the hydrogen, is suitable for large-scale storage scenes and is used for supplementing the defects of the existing commercial energy storage schemes. The prior various energy storage schemes have technical bottlenecks which are difficult to break through, so that economy, applicability and high efficiency of large-scale energy storage cannot be considered, particularly, pumped storage is limited by water resources and terrains and cannot be popularized in vast inland and water resource deficient areas, compressed air energy storage has the problems of dependence on fossil fuel afterburning, low system efficiency and construction of an air storage chamber under specific geological conditions of a large-scale system, and low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage faces the problems of high hydrogen liquefaction energy consumption and easy evaporation loss caused by environmental temperature difference in the storage and transportation process, and the problems jointly restrict popularization and application of the large-scale energy storage technology and high-efficiency consumption of renewable energy sources. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a slurry hydrogen energy storage system and a method, which solve the problems that pumped storage is limited by water resources and terrains, cannot be popularized in vast inland and water resource deficient areas, compressed air energy storage has the problems of dependence on fossil fuel afterburning, low system efficiency and construction of an air storage chamber under specific geological conditions of a large-scale system, and low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage is faced with the problems of high hydrogen liquefaction energy consumption and easy evaporation loss caused by environmental temperature difference in the storage and transportation process. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The utility model provides a thick liquid hydrogen energy storage system, includes hydrogen plant and branch tower storage tank, branch tower storage tank top and middle part are connected with hydrogen compressor through the intensification passageway of heat transfer unit respectively, hydrogen plant is connected with hydrogen compressor, be provided with vacuum equipment between branch tower storage tank bottom and the hydrogen compressor, vacuum equipment sets up at the intensification passageway end, hydrogen compressor is connected with nitrogen fixation heat exchanger through the cooling passageway of heat transfer unit, nitrogen fixation heat exchanger is connected with branch tower storage tank top, be provided with liquid nitrogen pond and the normal secondary hydrogen converter that connect gradually between hydrogen compressor and the nitrogen fixation heat exchanger, be connected with cold-storage module on the liquid nitrogen pond, branch tower storage tank bottom is connected with thick liquid hydrogen storage tank, thick liquid hydrogen storage tank bottom has connected gradually nitrogen fixation heat exchanger, liquid hydrogen expander and hydrogen fuel cell generating set. Preferably, the heat exchange unit comprises a third low-temperature heat exchanger, a second low-tempera