CN-122025858-A - Water-based proton battery electrolyte and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water-based proton batteries, in particular to a water-based proton battery electrolyte, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein lactic acid and water are mixed to obtain the electrolyte, and the water and the lactic acid form a dynamic hydrogen bond network. The proton battery formed by adopting the aqueous proton battery electrolyte and the preparation method and application thereof, and adopting the lactic acid solution with the mass fraction of 90 percent as the electrolyte has excellent electrochemical performance, extremely high coulomb efficiency and extremely long cycle life, and effectively reduces the corrosion of the aqueous proton battery electrolyte to the battery.

Inventors

• ZHU ZHENGXIN
• SU JIARUI

Assignees

• 南华大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260305

Claims (6)

1. 1. A preparation method of a water-based proton battery electrolyte is characterized in that the electrolyte is obtained by mixing lactic acid and water, and the water and the lactic acid form a dynamic hydrogen bond network.
2. 2. The method for preparing an aqueous proton battery electrolyte as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of lactic acid in the electrolyte is 10-90%.
3. 3. An aqueous proton battery electrolyte, characterized in that the aqueous proton battery electrolyte is prepared by the preparation method of the aqueous proton battery electrolyte as claimed in any one of claims 1-2.
4. 4. The application of the aqueous proton battery electrolyte is characterized in that the aqueous proton battery electrolyte is applied to an aqueous proton battery according to claim 3.
5. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the anode of the water-based proton battery is Prussian blue analog material, and the cathode comprises one or more of electrocatalytic hydrogen material, moO 3 、WO 3 and polyaniline.
6. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the Prussian blue analog material comprises one or more of a zinc-based Prussian blue analog, a copper-based Prussian blue analog, a vanadium-based Prussian blue analog, and a manganese-based Prussian blue analog.

Description

Water-based proton battery electrolyte and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of water-based proton batteries, in particular to a water-based proton battery electrolyte, a preparation method and application thereof. Background With the continuous consumption of traditional fossil fuels and the advancement of the use of green pollution-free energy by countries, renewable energy is recognized as an effective way to solve the energy crisis. Meanwhile, the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources promotes the rapid development of the application of batteries in power grid energy storage. While early developments of lead acid batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries, and flow batteries have been expected to be widely used. However, achieving high cycling stability and aqueous batteries with rapid reaction kinetics still face numerous challenges. Therefore, the proton battery is used as a novel secondary water system, has excellent charge and discharge performance under high current density, and has small volume and light weight compared with the traditional lithium battery, and has higher specific capacity compared with the lithium ion, so that large-scale energy storage can be realized. However, the traditional water-based proton battery generally adopts strong acid electrolyte, but the strong acid electrolyte has strong corrosion action on current collector, electrode material and battery shell, so that the self-discharge performance of the battery is poor, the long-cycle stability is poor and the side reaction is serious, therefore, the development of the electrolyte with low acidity, which is friendly to the battery shell, the current collector and the electrode material, is an important means for popularizing the large-scale use of the proton battery and prolonging the service life of the proton battery. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a water-based proton battery electrolyte, a preparation method and application thereof, and solves the technical problems that the traditional proton electrolyte is difficult to realize, and has short cycle life, more side reactions, serious corrosion to electrodes, poor stability and the like. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a preparation method of an aqueous proton battery electrolyte, which is to mix lactic acid and water to obtain the electrolyte, wherein the water and the lactic acid form a dynamic hydrogen bond network. Preferably, the mass fraction of lactic acid in the electrolyte is 10-90%. The electrolyte prepared by the preparation method of the water-based proton battery electrolyte. The water-based proton battery electrolyte is applied to a water-based proton battery. Preferably, the positive electrode of the water-based proton battery is made of Prussian blue analog materials, and the negative electrode comprises one or more of electrocatalytic hydrogen materials, moO 3、WO3 and polyaniline. Preferably, the Prussian blue analog material includes one or more of a zinc-based Prussian blue analog, a copper-based Prussian blue analog, a vanadium-based Prussian blue analog, and a manganese-based Prussian blue analog. Therefore, the water-based proton battery electrolyte and the preparation method and application thereof have the beneficial effects that: 1. the electrolyte provided by the invention does not contain a strong acid additive, and a proton battery formed by taking 90% of lactic acid solution in mass fraction as the electrolyte shows excellent reversibility and cycle performance, and the corrosion of the strong acid electrolyte in the traditional water system proton battery to the battery is effectively reduced; 2. The water system proton battery prepared by the invention has stable capacity under different current densities, can keep good performance in a temperature range of-20 ℃ to 60 ℃, has good low-temperature characteristic, and can still effectively maintain proton conduction at different temperatures through a dynamic hydrogen bond network; 3. Lactic acid is not easy to volatilize and inflammable, side reaction is reduced, risk of battery swelling, leakage and even explosion is reduced, and the whole electrolyte system is green, nontoxic and easy to treat. The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments. Drawings FIG. 1 is a charge-discharge test chart of an aqueous proton battery according to example 3 of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a charge-discharge test chart of the water-based proton battery in example 4 of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a graph showing the charge and discharge test at different current densities for the aqueous proton cell of example 4 of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a graph showing the charge and discharge test of the water-based proton battery of example 4 after standing for different periods of time; FIG. 5 is a graph showing