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CN-122025878-A - Management method and system for dynamically adjusting battery string topology structure

CN122025878ACN 122025878 ACN122025878 ACN 122025878ACN-122025878-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a management method and a system for dynamically adjusting a topological structure of a battery string, comprising a plurality of battery modules, a plurality of power gating switches and a battery string management unit, wherein the number of the power gating switches is consistent with that of the battery modules, the power gating switches are sequentially connected in series from a starting point to a final point, a power access end of each switch can be connected into the corresponding battery module to form the battery string based on a control signal, the battery string management unit obtains the working state and position information of each battery module, generates the control signal of each power gating switch according to the state information, reconfigures the connection relation of each battery module, and adjusts the topological structure of the whole battery string. According to the invention, through dynamic reorganization of the battery string topology, fault isolation and balanced weight distribution of normal batteries can be realized when the battery module fails, power supply and communication of the battery string are effectively balanced, and reliability and fault tolerance of a battery system are improved.

Inventors

  • ZHU KEJIA
  • HE JIE
  • YAO SUYI
  • WANG LANGYUAN

Assignees

  • 共模半导体技术(苏州)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260410

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a management method of dynamic regulation battery string topological structure which characterized in that includes battery string management unit, a plurality of battery module and with the multiple power gating switch of battery module quantity unanimity, multiple power gating switch establish ties in proper order from starting point to terminal point positive negative pole, the power access end of each multiple power gating switch can be based on the battery module formation battery string that the control signal access of battery string management unit corresponds, the management method includes following steps: s1, a battery string management unit acquires state information of each battery module, including a working state and a position; S2, generating control signals of each multi-path power gating switch according to the state information, reconfiguring connection relations of all battery modules, adjusting the topological structure of the whole battery string, and balancing power supply and communication of the battery string.
  2. 2. The method for managing the topology of the dynamic adjustment battery string according to claim 1, wherein the battery module comprises a switch A, a switch B, a battery unit and a control unit, wherein the switch A is connected in series with the battery unit to form a branch, the switch A is used for controlling the on and off of the battery unit, the switch B is connected in parallel with the series branch formed by the switch A and the battery unit, the switch B is used for controlling whether the battery unit is bypassed or not, and the control unit comprises a power management module, a driving module connected with the power management module and a serial port.
  3. 3. The management method for dynamically adjusting a topology of a battery string according to claim 1, wherein S1 comprises: detecting the voltage and the current of each battery module by adopting a battery string management unit, determining the working state of the battery module, judging whether a fault exists or not, and determining the position of the fault battery module in a battery string; and storing the working state and fault position information of the battery module for subsequent topological structure adjustment.
  4. 4. The management method for dynamically adjusting a topology of a battery string according to claim 1, wherein S2 comprises: S21, the battery string management unit analyzes the state information of each battery module, determines the distribution condition of a fault battery and a normal battery, generates a gating signal sequence according to the distribution condition, and sends a control signal to each multi-path power gating switch according to the gating signal sequence; and S22, connecting the multi-path power gating switch to the corresponding battery module according to the control signal, adjusting the connection of the anode and the cathode of each battery module, and disconnecting the external power supply unit by the battery string management unit after all the battery modules are connected according to the updated topological structure to form a new battery string topological structure.
  5. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the gating signal sequence designates a connection order of battery modules to which each stage of the multi-path power gating switch is connected, and the multi-path power gating switch reconnects the positive and negative poles of the corresponding battery module according to the gating signal sequence.
  6. 6. The method for managing a dynamic adjustment battery string topology according to claim 4, wherein S22 is specifically: S221, receiving a control signal by a multi-path power gating switch, and selecting positive and negative input and output ends of an accessed battery module according to the control signal, wherein the positive and negative input and output ends are connected to input and output ends V+ and V < - > of a series system after the topology structure is updated; S222, matching the level of the control signal through the external power supply unit so as to adapt to the connection of the battery modules in different voltage domains, and disconnecting the external power supply unit by the battery string management unit after all the battery modules are connected.
  7. 7. The method for managing a topology of a battery string dynamically adjusted according to claim 6, wherein the external power supply unit comprises an external voltage source and a level conversion network, the level conversion network receives a control signal from the battery string management unit, converts the external voltage source into voltages corresponding to the positive and negative poles of the battery modules connected to the multi-path power gating switch, and supplies power to each battery module before all the battery modules are connected according to the updated topology.
  8. 8. The method for managing a topology of a dynamically adjusted battery string according to claim 1, wherein in S2, when the connection relationship of each battery module is reconfigured, a topology adjustment algorithm is adopted, comprising: when detecting the fault of the top battery module, the battery string management unit exchanges and connects the top battery module with the nearest lower normal battery module to form a new top battery topology; When the continuous fault battery modules are detected, the battery string management unit inserts the normal battery modules between the continuous fault battery modules, so that the fault battery modules are distributed at intervals, and a topological structure for balanced power supply is formed.
  9. 9. A management system for dynamically adjusting a battery string topology structure is characterized by comprising a battery string management unit, a plurality of battery modules and a plurality of power gating switches, wherein the number of the power gating switches is consistent with that of the battery modules, The number of the multi-path power gating switches is consistent with that of the battery modules, the multi-path power gating switches are sequentially connected in series from a starting point to an ending point, each multi-path power gating switch is provided with a power access end, and the power access ends are connected with the corresponding battery modules to form a battery string based on control signals of the battery string management unit; The battery string management unit is connected with the control end of each multi-path power gating switch and used for acquiring state information of each battery module, wherein the state information comprises a working state and a position, a control signal of each multi-path power gating switch is generated according to the state information, the connection relation of each battery module is reconfigured, the topological structure of the whole battery string is adjusted, and the power supply and communication of the battery string are balanced.
  10. 10. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the method according to any one of claims 1-8 is implemented when said program is executed.

Description

Management method and system for dynamically adjusting battery string topology structure Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of battery management, in particular to a management method for dynamically adjusting a battery string topological structure. Background In a typical architecture of the battery management system BMS, a plurality of batteries are connected in series, and a battery string management unit is responsible for collecting voltage information of each battery and reporting the voltage information to a main controller. Prior art schemes have been proposed to use architecture with battery management and isolation functions, such as chinese patent application 202310819802.4 (a battery management system and method) and 202311225112.2 (a chip management system for a multi-cell serial structure), by providing a bypass path in the battery string, the faulty battery can be isolated from the serial path when it is detected, so as to avoid affecting the overall system performance. Meanwhile, by means of the configuration of the multi-path gating switch, the level of the battery can still maintain normal communication function after a certain battery is isolated. Such architecture has a better performance optimization effect in conventional BMS applications, but there is an inherent limitation that the topology of the battery string is fixed after the factory completes the primary series assembly, and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the battery state in the actual operation process, which causes the following problems: 1. In the existing architecture, the fault battery usually needs to acquire electric energy from the upper-level normal battery, if the upper-level battery also fails, the fault battery needs to continue to trace to the normal battery to acquire electric power, and the like. So if the topmost battery fails, a dead-reckoning situation occurs, resulting in a system crash of the entire battery string. 2. If a plurality of continuous batteries in the battery string fail, the first normal battery of the upper stage may need to supply power to the communication and circuit units where the plurality of continuous failed batteries of the lower stage are located. When the number of continuous failure batteries is large, pressure is generated on the power supply battery, resulting in unstable system or poor performance. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problem of dynamic change of positions and numbers of bad batteries, and provides a management system for dynamically adjusting a battery string topological structure. The batteries can be connected into different string structures by programming the connection relationship of each level of batteries. Therefore, for the first case described above, it is only necessary to adjust the battery topology to change the uppermost battery to the penultimate battery. In the second case, the power supply pressure of a single battery can be reduced by adjusting the topological structure and inserting the battery in the middle of the continuous bad battery, so that power supply balance is realized. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a management method for dynamically adjusting a topology structure of a battery string, including a battery string management unit, a plurality of battery modules, and a plurality of power-on switches having the same number as the battery modules, where the power-on switches are sequentially connected in series from a start point to an end point, and power-on terminals of the power-on switches can be connected to corresponding battery modules to form the battery string based on a control signal of the battery string management unit, and the management method includes the following steps: s1, a battery string management unit acquires state information of each battery module, including a working state and a position; S2, generating control signals of each multi-path power gating switch according to the state information, reconfiguring connection relations of all battery modules, adjusting the topological structure of the whole battery string, and balancing power supply and communication of the battery string. The battery module comprises a battery unit, a switch A, a switch B, a battery unit and a control unit, wherein the switch A is connected with the battery unit in series to form a branch, the switch A is used for controlling the on and off of the battery unit, the switch B is connected with the switch A and the battery unit in parallel to form a series branch, the switch B is used for controlling whether the battery unit is bypassed or not, and the control unit comprises a power management module, a driving module and a serial port, and the driving module and the serial port are connected with the power management module. Further, S1 comprises the steps of detecting the voltage and the current of each batt