CN-122025892-A - Electrolyte separation and recovery method and system for waste batteries

CN122025892ACN 122025892 ACN122025892 ACN 122025892ACN-122025892-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrolyte recovery, in particular to an electrolyte separation and recovery method and system for waste batteries, comprising the steps of S1, determining whether the residual electric quantity of a battery core is qualified or not based on a concentration distribution representation value, correcting the residual electric quantity based on a residual electric quantity unqualified condition, S3, determining whether the battery core is subjected to deep discharge or not based on the residual electric quantity to obtain the battery core to be disassembled under the condition that the residual electric quantity is qualified, S4, determining a lead-out mode of the electrolyte of the battery core to be disassembled based on a packaging integrity representation value, and S5, determining whether the lead-out of the electrolyte is complete or not based on a flow representation value of the electrolyte under the corresponding lead-out mode, so as to adjust lead-out duration of the electrolyte or adjust a preset integrity representation value based on the electrolyte lead-out incomplete condition. The invention improves the efficiency of leading out the electrolyte.

Inventors

WANG XIANGMING
LI BIAO
LIU QIAOJUAN
Liu Jiangran
WANG YUFANG
LIANG JIANWEI
GAO HUAMING
LIU XUAN
MA LEIMING

Assignees

特莱泽(北京)科技有限公司
石家庄职业技术学院(石家庄开放大学)

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260224

Claims (10)

1. The electrolyte separation and recovery method for the waste batteries is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Step S1, disassembling a shell of a waste power battery pack to take out a battery core module, and sequentially disassembling the battery core module to separate out single battery cores so as to determine the residual electric quantity of the battery cores; Step S2, determining the concentration distribution condition of lithium ions in electrolyte of the battery cell, determining whether the residual electric quantity is qualified or not based on a concentration distribution characterization value of the lithium ions, and correcting the residual electric quantity based on the condition that the residual electric quantity is unqualified; Step S3, under the condition that the residual electric quantity is determined to be qualified, determining whether to deeply discharge the battery cell or not based on the residual electric quantity to obtain a battery cell to be disassembled; Step S4, determining the package integrity of the battery cell to be disassembled, and determining the lead-out mode of the electrolyte of the battery cell to be disassembled based on the comparison result of the package integrity characterization value of the battery cell and the preset integrity characterization value; And S5, determining whether the electrolyte is completely exported based on the flow characterization value of the electrolyte in a corresponding exporting mode, so as to adjust the exporting duration of the electrolyte or adjust the preset integrity characterization value based on the incomplete condition of electrolyte exporting.
2. The method for separating and recovering an electrolyte for a waste battery according to claim 1, wherein the determination of the concentration profile characterization value comprises: Respectively transmitting high-frequency ultrasonic waves to different positions of the battery core by adopting an ultrasonic imaging technology, and synchronously collecting ultrasonic reflection signals corresponding to all detection positions to construct a reflection signal curve cluster; Overlapping the reflected signal curve clusters by taking an abscissa as a reference, and determining a plurality of intervals of non-overlapping positions; and determining standard deviations of a plurality of the intervals as concentration distribution characterization values.
3. The method for separating and recovering an electrolyte for a waste battery according to claim 2, wherein the process of determining whether the remaining amount of electricity is acceptable based on the concentration distribution characterization value comprises: And determining that the residual electric quantity is unqualified based on a comparison result that the concentration distribution characterization value is larger than the preset distribution characterization value.
4. The method for separating and recovering an electrolyte for a waste battery according to claim 3, wherein the process of correcting the remaining capacity under the condition that the remaining capacity is determined to be unqualified comprises: Standing the battery cell with the tested residual electric quantity for a preset time period, and determining the descending amplitude of the residual electric quantity; comparing the descending amplitude with a preset amplitude; and setting a plurality of electric quantity correction coefficients based on the comparison result of the descending amplitude and the preset amplitude so as to correct the residual electric quantity.
5. The method for separating and recovering electrolyte from waste batteries according to claim 4, wherein the process of determining whether to deeply discharge the battery cell based on the remaining power under the condition that the remaining power is determined to be unqualified comprises: Comparing the residual electric quantity with a preset electric quantity; And determining to deeply discharge the battery cell based on a comparison result that the residual electric quantity is larger than the preset electric quantity.
6. The method for separating and recovering electrolyte from waste batteries according to claim 5, wherein the step of determining the way of deriving the electrolyte from the cells to be disassembled based on the package integrity characterization value comprises: comparing the package integrity characterization value with a preset integrity characterization value; determining to derive electrolyte in a first derivation mode based on a comparison result that the package integrity characterization value is less than or equal to the preset integrity characterization value; determining to derive electrolyte in a second derivation mode based on a comparison result that the package integrity characterization value is greater than the preset integrity characterization value; wherein the number of export channels in the first export scheme is different from the number of export channels in the second export scheme.
7. The method for separating and recovering electrolyte from waste batteries according to claim 6, wherein the process of determining whether the electrolyte is completely derived based on the flow characterization value of the electrolyte comprises: Comparing the flow characterization value with a preset flow characterization value; and determining that the electrolyte is not completely led out based on the comparison result that the flow characterization value is smaller than the preset flow characterization value.
8. The method for separating and recovering electrolyte from waste batteries according to claim 7, wherein the process of adjusting the lead-out period under the condition of determining that the lead-out of electrolyte is incomplete comprises: the flow characterization value is differenced with the preset flow characterization value to obtain a flow characterization difference value; Comparing the flow characterization difference value with a preset difference value; determining to adjust the derived duration based on a comparison result that the flow characterization difference is less than or equal to the preset difference; and setting a plurality of time length adjustment coefficients based on a first relative difference value of the preset difference value and the flow characterization difference value, so as to increase the derived time length based on the plurality of time length adjustment coefficients.
9. The method for separating and recovering electrolyte from waste batteries according to claim 8, wherein the process of adjusting the preset integrity characterization value under the condition of determining that the electrolyte is not completely derived comprises: comparing the flow characterization difference with the preset difference; Determining to adjust the preset integrity characterization value based on a comparison result that the flow characterization difference is greater than the preset difference; wherein a number of characterization value optimization coefficients are set based on a second relative difference of the flow characterization difference and the preset difference to reduce the preset integrity characterization value based on the number of characterization value optimization coefficients.
10. An electrolyte separation and recovery system for a waste battery applying the electrolyte separation and recovery method for a waste battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising: The data acquisition module comprises an ultrasonic imaging assembly and an X-ray detection assembly which are used for determining the distribution condition of electrolyte of the battery cell, and an electric quantity detection assembly which is used for determining the residual electric quantity of the battery cell; A disassembly control module connected with the data acquisition module and comprising, A residual electric quantity determining unit, which is used for determining whether the residual electric quantity of the battery core is qualified or not based on the concentration distribution characterization value of lithium ions in the electrolyte of the battery core, and correcting the residual electric quantity based on the condition that the residual electric quantity is unqualified; a discharge control unit for determining whether to perform deep discharge on the battery cell based on the remaining power under the condition that the remaining power is determined to be qualified; the electrolyte guiding-out unit is used for determining a guiding-out mode of the electrolyte of the battery cell to be disassembled based on a comparison result of the package integrity characterization value and the preset integrity characterization value of the battery cell, and determining whether the electrolyte guiding-out is complete or not based on the flow characterization value of the electrolyte under the corresponding guiding-out mode so as to adjust the guiding-out duration of the electrolyte or adjust the preset integrity characterization value.

Description

Electrolyte separation and recovery method and system for waste batteries Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electrolyte recovery, in particular to a method and a system for separating and recovering electrolyte of waste batteries. Background With the rapid development of new energy industry, the application scale of various chemical power sources such as power batteries, energy storage batteries and the like is continuously enlarged, the quantity of waste batteries generated is increased in an explosive manner, and the recycling of batteries has become a key link for realizing resource recycling and ecological environment protection. The electrolyte is used as a core component of the battery and mainly comprises lithium salts such as carbonate organic solvents, lithium hexafluorophosphate and the like and various functional additives, not only contains high-value lithium resources, but also contains elements such as fluorine, phosphorus and the like which are easy to cause environmental pollution, and has the characteristics of easy volatilization, inflammability, explosiveness and strong corrosiveness. The invention discloses a method for industrially recycling zinc-manganese waste dry batteries, which comprises the steps of primary shredding and secondary shredding of batteries, drying and screening, recycling part of black carbon powder, magnetically separating and recycling iron metal, crushing and crushing battery fragments in three stages, screening and recycling the rest black powder, and separating metal powder such as plastic, zinc and the like by winnowing. In the prior art, when the electrolyte is recovered from the waste power battery, only a single determination mode is used for determining the residual electric quantity of the battery core, so that the residual electric quantity of the battery to be recovered is easy to be detected inaccurately, the waste power battery is subjected to deep discharge on the battery which does not need to be subjected to deep discharge in the electrolyte recovery process, and the recovery efficiency of the electrolyte is low. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the invention provides a method and a system for separating and recovering electrolyte of waste batteries, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, when the electrolyte of the waste power batteries is recovered, only a single determination mode is used for determining the residual electric quantity of a battery core, and the residual electric quantity of the battery to be recovered is easy to be detected inaccurately, so that the waste power batteries are subjected to deep discharge on the battery which does not need to be subjected to deep discharge in the electrolyte recovery process, and the recovery efficiency of the electrolyte is low. In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for separating and recovering an electrolyte for a waste battery, comprising: Step S1, disassembling a shell of a waste power battery pack to take out a battery core module, and sequentially disassembling the battery core module to separate out single battery cores so as to determine the residual electric quantity of the battery cores; Step S2, determining the concentration distribution condition of lithium ions in electrolyte of the battery cell, determining whether the residual electric quantity is qualified or not based on a concentration distribution characterization value of the lithium ions, and correcting the residual electric quantity based on the residual electric quantity disqualification condition; Step S3, under the condition that the residual electric quantity is determined to be qualified, determining whether to deeply discharge the battery cell or not based on the residual electric quantity to obtain a battery cell to be disassembled; Step S4, determining the package integrity of the battery cell to be disassembled, and determining the lead-out mode of the electrolyte of the battery cell to be disassembled based on the comparison result of the package integrity characterization value of the battery cell and the preset integrity characterization value; And S5, determining whether the electrolyte is completely exported based on the flow characterization value of the electrolyte in a corresponding exporting mode, so as to adjust the exporting duration of the electrolyte or adjust the preset integrity characterization value based on the incomplete condition of electrolyte exporting. Further, the determining of the concentration profile characterization value includes: Respectively transmitting high-frequency ultrasonic waves to different positions of the battery core by adopting an ultrasonic imaging technology, and synchronously collecting ultrasonic reflection signals corresponding to all detection positions to construct a reflection signal curve cluster; Overlapping the reflected signal curve clusters by taking an