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CN-122025896-A - Recycling and regenerating treatment equipment and method for waste lithium iron phosphate

CN122025896ACN 122025896 ACN122025896 ACN 122025896ACN-122025896-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste lithium iron phosphate recycling and regenerating treatment device and a recycling treatment method, and relates to the field of waste battery recycling, wherein the waste lithium iron phosphate recycling and regenerating treatment device comprises a discharging bracket, the top surface of the discharging bracket is provided with a processing unit capable of carrying out multistage crushing on a pretreated storage battery, the input end of the processing unit is provided with a pretreatment unit capable of preheating, air-drying and rectifying the storage battery, and the processing unit comprises a fine crushing bin fixedly arranged on the top surface of the discharging bracket and a coarse crushing bin fixedly arranged on the top surface of the fine crushing bin and used for primary crushing; according to the invention, in the crushing process, the hot gas spray pipe continuously sprays hot gas flow from the top surface of the coarse crushing bin, and as salt water on the surface of the battery is removed and is catalyzed by the preheating treatment shell, the adhesion force between materials in the battery is softened at high temperature, the efficient crushing operation is assisted, and harmful gas generated during the crushing of the battery is discharged from the tail end of the equipment along with the gas flow, so that the injury to operators is avoided.

Inventors

  • WU GUOQING
  • YAO SONGSONG
  • WANG HAO
  • ZHU JIANNAN
  • SUN CHAOJUN

Assignees

  • 安徽南都华铂新材料科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260312

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The waste lithium iron phosphate recycling treatment equipment comprises a discharge bracket (1) and is characterized in that a processing unit (3) capable of carrying out multistage crushing on a pretreated storage battery is arranged on the top surface of the discharge bracket (1), and a pretreatment unit (2) capable of preheating, air-drying and correcting deviation of the storage battery is arranged at the input end of the processing unit (3); The processing unit (3) comprises a fine crushing bin (31) fixedly arranged on the top surface of the discharging bracket (1) and used for fine crushing, and a coarse crushing bin (32) fixedly arranged on the top surface of the fine crushing bin (31) and used for primary crushing; The pretreatment unit (2) comprises a deviation rectifying bin (24) arranged at the input end of the coarse crushing bin (32) and used for rectifying the running track of the battery, a conveying bin (21) fixedly connected to the side face of the deviation rectifying bin (24) and used for conveying materials, and a hot air bin (23) fixedly connected to the top face of the conveying bin (21) and used for accelerating the separation of salt water on the surface of the battery.
  2. 2. The waste lithium iron phosphate recycling treatment device according to claim 1, wherein a chain plate conveyor (25) is arranged in the conveying bin (21), a baffle plate (26) is fixedly connected to the surface of the chain plate conveyor (25), a water storage bin (22) is arranged at one end of the inner part of the conveying bin (21), and a guide plate (29) is fixedly connected to the inner part of the bottom surface of the conveying bin (21).
  3. 3. The waste lithium iron phosphate recycling treatment device according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of spring plates (210) are movably connected in the deviation rectifying bin (24), one end of the side face of each spring plate (210) is fixedly connected with a spring (211), and one end of each spring (211) is fixedly connected to the inner side face of the deviation rectifying bin (24).
  4. 4. The waste lithium iron phosphate recycling treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the input end of the hot air bin (23) is provided with a blower fan (213), a plurality of groups of heating wires (212) are fixedly connected to the inside of the hot air bin (23), and the output end of the hot air bin (23) is fixedly connected with a gas pipe (28).
  5. 5. The waste lithium iron phosphate recycling treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the inner top surface of the conveying bin (21) is movably connected with two hot air outlets (27), the side surface of each hot air outlet (27) is movably connected with a movable rod (214), the inner top surface of each movable rod (214) is movably connected with a connecting rod (215), the side surface of each connecting rod (215) is provided with a reset spring (216), and one end of each reset spring (216) is fixedly connected with the inner top surface of the conveying bin (21).
  6. 6. The waste lithium iron phosphate recycling treatment device according to claim 5, wherein a half gear (217) is movably connected to the side face of the connecting rod (215), the half gear (217) is meshed with the connecting rod (215), a motor (218) is arranged on the side face of the half gear (217), and the motor (218) is fixedly connected to the inside of the top face of the conveying bin (21).
  7. 7. The waste lithium iron phosphate recycling and regenerating treatment device according to claim 1, wherein two intermeshing synchronous gears (33) are rotatably connected to the side face of the fine crushing bin (31), a driving motor (35) is fixedly connected to the side face of the fine crushing bin (31), one synchronous gear (33) is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor (35), a top cover (34) is fixedly connected to the top face of the coarse crushing bin (32), a hot air spray pipe (36) is fixedly connected to the inside of the top face of the top cover (34), and the hot air spray pipe (36) is fixedly connected to the other output end of the hot air bin (23).
  8. 8. The recycling and regenerating treatment equipment for waste lithium iron phosphate according to claim 7, wherein the crushing rolls (37) are rotatably connected in the fine crushing bin (31), one ends of the crushing rolls (37) penetrate through the side face of the fine crushing bin (31) and are fixedly connected to the side face of the synchronous gear (33), the number of the crushing rolls (37) is four, two by two, one crushing roll (37) is set in the coarse crushing bin (32), and the other crushing roll (37) is set in the coarse crushing bin.
  9. 9. The application method of the waste lithium iron phosphate recycling and regenerating treatment equipment is realized based on the waste lithium iron phosphate recycling and regenerating treatment equipment as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step one, conveying and posture adjustment of waste batteries, namely, soaking a brine pond to release residual electric power in the waste batteries, throwing the batteries into the conveyor bin (21) from the opening end after the electric power is released, enabling the batteries to fall onto the top surface of a horizontal chain plate at the lower end of a chain plate conveyor (25), enabling salt water on the surface of the batteries to naturally pass through gaps on the surface of the chain plate and fall into a water storage bin (22) under the influence of gravity, conveying the batteries to a high position by movement of the chain plate conveyor (25), and lifting a baffle plate (26) arranged in the chain plate conveyor (25) at the bottom end of the batteries to ensure that the batteries cannot slide; The pretreated batteries are conveyed to the top end under the action of a chain plate conveyor (25) and are continuously conveyed forwards until the batteries are contacted with the spring plates (210) and slide along the slopes of the spring plates (210), and at the moment, springs (211) on the side surfaces of the two opposite spring plates (210) can push the batteries to the middle position so as to ensure that the batteries can fall into the processing unit (3) with proper postures for crushing operation; the high-temperature airflow drying and preheating operation comprises the steps that an air flow is transmitted to the inside of a hot air bin (23) by a blower fan (213), the air flow is quickly heated to a proper temperature by a heating wire (212) arranged in the hot air bin (23), when a battery is driven to an inclined section chain plate by a chain plate conveyor (25), a high-temperature airflow is sprayed to the surface of the battery through a hot air outlet (27), residual salt water on the surface of the battery is quickly blown off, the salt water passes through the chain plate conveyor (25) and falls to the top surface of a guide plate (29), and the salt water is quickly collected in the water storage bin (22) through the guide of the guide plate (29); The motor (218) can drive the half gear (217) to rotate, the connecting rod (215) rises under the drive of the half gear (217), the connecting rod (215) pulls the two movable rods (214) to drive the two hot air outlets (27) to change the direction, and after the half gear (217) rotates to a certain angle, the connecting rod (215) loses the meshing with the half gear (217), at the moment, the return spring (216) drives the connecting rod (215) to quickly reset, the direction of the hot air outlets (27) is changed again, the reciprocating swing of the hot air outlets (27) is realized, the hot air sprayed out of the hot air outlets (27) can be used for uniformly heating the battery, and each structure in the battery is assisted to be quickly separated Thirdly, battery crushing operation, namely, batteries processed by the pretreatment unit (2) fall into a coarse crushing bin (32), smaller-size batteries further fall into a fine crushing bin (31) through gaps of the coarse crushing bin (32) according to different gears of the batteries, larger-size batteries fall into fragments with proper sizes after being crushed into fragments with proper sizes by two crushing rollers (37) which move relatively, the batteries are further crushed into fragments with sizes more suitable for subsequent treatment by the crushing rollers (37) arranged in the fine crushing bin (31), and the fragments can be more uniform due to the fact that two groups of crushing rollers (37) with different distances and different directions are adopted for crushing, and the workload of a single crushing assembly is reduced; In the crushing process, the hot gas spray pipe (36) continuously sprays hot gas flow from the top surface of the coarse crushing bin (32), and as salt water on the surface of the battery is removed and catalyzed by the pre-heating treatment shell, meanwhile, the adhesion force between materials in the battery is softened at high temperature, the efficient crushing operation is assisted, and harmful gas generated during the crushing of the battery is discharged from the tail end of the equipment along with the gas flow, so that the injury to operators is avoided.

Description

Recycling and regenerating treatment equipment and method for waste lithium iron phosphate Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of waste battery recovery, in particular to waste lithium iron phosphate recovery and regeneration treatment equipment and a regeneration treatment method. Background The recovery of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries is an indispensable process for realizing sustainable development of new energy automobile industry, valuable materials contained in the waste lithium iron phosphate batteries can be changed back to raw materials for manufacturing new batteries after being reprocessed, and reference can be made to related patent No. CN116475898A, the waste lithium iron phosphate batteries are essentially produced by intermittently knocking a polishing conveyor belt through a rotating hammer, lithium iron phosphate powder attached to the belt surface is shaken off by utilizing vibration, the lithium iron phosphate powder is recovered to a positive plate, and an air bag is inflated through a reciprocating piston to generate air flow, so that residual powder on dead corners (such as an adjusting bolt) of equipment is purged, thorough cleaning is realized, and the labor intensity is reduced. The method for recycling the waste lithium iron phosphate is described in the mode that pretreatment and crushing steps of traditional recycling equipment are usually step-by-step and intermittent, brine treatment, drying and crushing are finished in different equipment, materials are required to be transported for many times, and brine on the surface of a battery is not treated sufficiently, and the brine on the surface of the battery is easily brought into a drying furnace, so that energy consumption and corrosion risks are increased. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a waste lithium iron phosphate recycling and regenerating treatment device and a waste lithium iron phosphate recycling and regenerating treatment method, so as to solve the problems in the background technology. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the invention provides a waste lithium iron phosphate recycling treatment device, which comprises a discharging bracket, wherein a processing unit capable of carrying out multistage crushing on a pretreated storage battery is arranged on the top surface of the discharging bracket, and a preprocessing unit capable of carrying out preheating, air drying and deviation correction on the storage battery is arranged at the input end of the processing unit; The processing unit comprises a fine crushing bin fixedly arranged on the top surface of the discharging bracket and used for fine crushing, and a coarse crushing bin fixedly arranged on the top surface of the fine crushing bin and used for primary crushing; the pretreatment unit comprises a correction bin which is arranged at the input end of the coarse crushing bin and used for correcting the running track of the battery, a conveying bin which is fixedly connected to the side face of the correction bin and used for conveying materials, and a hot air bin which is fixedly connected to the top face of the conveying bin and used for accelerating the salt water on the surface of the battery to separate. The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that a chain plate conveyor is arranged in the conveying bin, a baffle is fixedly connected to the surface of the chain plate conveyor, a water storage bin is arranged at one end of the interior of the conveying bin, and a guide plate is fixedly connected to the interior of the bottom surface of the conveying bin. The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that a plurality of spring plates are movably connected in the deviation rectifying bin, one end of the side face of each spring plate is fixedly connected with a spring, and one end of each spring is fixedly connected to the side face of the inside of the deviation rectifying bin. The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that the input end of the hot air bin is provided with a blast fan, the inside of the hot air bin is fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of heating wires, and the output end of the hot air bin is fixedly connected with a gas pipe. The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that the inner top surface of the conveying bin is movably connected with two hot air outlets, the side surface of each hot air outlet is movably connected with a movable rod, the inner top surface of each movable rod is movably connected with a connecting rod, the side surface of each connecting rod is provided with a reset spring, and one end of each reset spring is fixedly connected in the top surface of the conveying bin. The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that the side face of the connecting rod is movably connected with a half gear,