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CN-122025906-A - Energy storage system and control method thereof

CN122025906ACN 122025906 ACN122025906 ACN 122025906ACN-122025906-A

Abstract

An energy storage system and a control method thereof, wherein the energy storage system comprises a battery (10) for storing and releasing energy, and a thermal management system (20), wherein the thermal management system (20) comprises a heat exchange circuit (21) comprising a first heat exchanger (211) for carrying out heat exchange with the battery (10), a heat exchange bypass (22) comprising a second heat exchanger (221) capable of realizing natural cooling, and a bypass access mechanism (23) arranged on at least one of the heat exchange circuit (21) and the heat exchange bypass (22), wherein the heat exchange bypass (22) is accessed into the heat exchange circuit (21) through the switching operation of the bypass access mechanism (23) or the heat exchange medium separated from the heat exchange circuit (21) is circulated.

Inventors

  • HUANG YANCONG
  • XING YANQING
  • LI HUAJIE

Assignees

  • 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20241112

Claims (20)

  1. 1. An energy storage system, comprising: a battery (10) for storing and releasing energy, and A thermal management system (20); wherein the thermal management system (20) comprises: A heat exchange circuit (21) comprising a first heat exchanger (211) for heat exchange with the battery (10); a heat exchange bypass (22) including a second heat exchanger (221) capable of achieving natural cooling, and A bypass access mechanism (23) provided to at least one of the heat exchange circuit (21) and the heat exchange bypass (22); Wherein, through the switching operation of the bypass access mechanism (23), the heat exchange medium of the heat exchange bypass (22) which is accessed into the heat exchange loop (21) circulates or the heat exchange medium which is separated from the heat exchange loop (21) circulates.
  2. 2. Energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the bypass access mechanism (23) comprises: A three-way liquid valve (231) provided in the heat exchange circuit (21) and connected in series with the first heat exchanger (211); The first end of the heat exchange bypass (22) is connected with the heat exchange loop (21) through the three-way liquid valve (231), the first end of the heat exchange bypass (22) is communicated with or disconnected from the heat exchange loop (21) through the switching of the three-way liquid valve (231), and the second end of the heat exchange bypass (22) is connected with the heat exchange loop (21).
  3. 3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein the three-way liquid valve (231) is located downstream of the first heat exchanger (211) in the heat exchange medium flow direction of the heat exchange circuit (21).
  4. 4. A power storage system according to any of claims 2-3, wherein the three-way liquid valve (231) is configured to adjust the flow distribution relationship between the heat exchange circuit (21) and the heat exchange bypass (22) in a state in which the heat exchange bypass (22) is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation of the heat exchange circuit (21).
  5. 5. The energy storage system of any of claims 1-4, wherein the second heat exchanger (221) comprises a microchannel heat exchanger (2211).
  6. 6. Energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the bypass access mechanism (23) comprises: A control valve (232) provided in the heat exchange bypass (22) and connected in series with the second heat exchanger (221) so as to turn on or off the heat exchange bypass (22) by switching of the control valve (232).
  7. 7. The energy storage system of claim 6, wherein the second heat exchanger (221) is located downstream of the control valve (232) along a heat exchange medium flow direction of the heat exchange bypass (22).
  8. 8. The energy storage system of any of claims 1-7, wherein the thermal management system (20) further comprises: a compression refrigeration cycle circuit (24), the compression refrigeration cycle circuit (24) comprising an evaporator (244); The evaporator (244) is further provided with an internal heat exchange flow passage (2441), and the internal heat exchange flow passage (2441) is arranged in series in the heat exchange circuit (21) and exchanges heat with the compression refrigeration cycle circuit (24) through the evaporator (244).
  9. 9. The energy storage system of claim 8, wherein the heat exchange circuit (21) further comprises a pump (212), the pump (212) being connected in series with the first heat exchanger (211) and the internal heat exchange flow passage (2441) and being located between the first heat exchanger (211) and the internal heat exchange flow passage (2441).
  10. 10. Energy storage system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the bypass access mechanism (23) comprises a three-way liquid valve (231), the three-way liquid valve (231) being arranged at a first position (P1) of the heat exchange circuit (21), the first position (P1) being downstream of the first heat exchanger (211) along the flow of heat exchange medium of the heat exchange circuit (21), a first end of the heat exchange bypass (22) being in communication with the three-way liquid valve (231), the three-way liquid valve (231) being configured to adjust the flow distribution relationship between the heat exchange circuit (21) and the heat exchange bypass (22) in a state in which the heat exchange bypass (22) is connected to the circulation of heat exchange medium of the heat exchange circuit (21).
  11. 11. Energy storage system according to claim 10, wherein the second end of the heat exchange bypass (22) is connected to a second location (P2) of the heat exchange circuit (21), the second location (P2) being downstream of the first location (P1) in the heat exchange medium flow direction of the heat exchange circuit (21) and being on a side of the inner heat exchange flow passage (2441) remote from the first location (P1).
  12. 12. Energy storage system according to claim 10, wherein the second end of the heat exchange bypass (22) is connected to a second location (P2) of the heat exchange circuit (21), the second location (P2) being downstream of the first location (P1) in the heat exchange medium flow direction of the heat exchange circuit (21) and being located on a side of the inner heat exchange flow passage (2441) adjacent to the first location (P1).
  13. 13. The energy storage system of any of claims 8-12, wherein the compression refrigeration cycle (24) further comprises a condenser (242), the thermal management system (20) further comprises a fan (26), the fan (26) causing airflow to act on the condenser (242) and the second heat exchanger (221) when the outlet air is turned on.
  14. 14. The energy storage system of any of claims 1-13, wherein the thermal management system (20) further comprises: A heating unit (25) provided to the heat exchange bypass (22) and configured to heat a heat exchange medium flowing through the heat exchange bypass (22) when a heating function is turned on, and -A fan (26) configured to cause an air flow to act on the second heat exchanger (221) when the outlet air is turned on.
  15. 15. Energy storage system according to claim 14, wherein the fan (26) is configured to shut off the air outlet when the heating assembly (25) is on heating function and to turn on the air outlet when the heating assembly (25) is off heating function in a state in which the heat exchange bypass (22) is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation of the heat exchange circuit (21).
  16. 16. The energy storage system of any of claims 1-13, wherein the thermal management system (20) further comprises: And a heating assembly (25) arranged on the heat exchange circuit (21) and configured to heat the heat exchange medium flowing through the heat exchange circuit (21) when the heating function is started.
  17. 17. The energy storage system of claim 16, wherein the thermal management system (20) further comprises: a compression refrigeration cycle circuit (24), the compression refrigeration cycle circuit (24) comprising an evaporator (244); The evaporator (244) is further provided with an internal heat exchange flow passage (2441), the internal heat exchange flow passage (2441) is arranged in series in the heat exchange circuit (21) and exchanges heat with the compression refrigeration cycle circuit (24) through the evaporator (244), a first end of the heat exchange bypass (22) is connected to a first position (P1) of the heat exchange circuit (21), the first position (P1) is located downstream of the first heat exchanger (211) along the heat exchange medium flow of the heat exchange circuit (21), and the heating assembly (25) is located between the first position (P1) and the internal heat exchange flow passage (2441).
  18. 18. Energy storage system according to any of claims 14-17, wherein the heating assembly (25) comprises: a heater (251) for turning on or off the heating function, and And a flow control valve (252) connected in parallel with the heater (251) for controlling the flow of the heat exchange medium through the flow control valve (252).
  19. 19. The energy storage system of any of claims 1-18, wherein the bypass access mechanism (23) is configured to: switching to a state in which the heat exchange bypass (22) is disengaged from the heat exchange medium circulation of the heat exchange circuit (21) in response to the ambient temperature being equal to or higher than a first ambient temperature threshold; Switching to a state in which the heat exchange bypass (22) is connected to the heat exchange medium of the heat exchange circuit (21) for circulation in response to the ambient temperature being equal to or lower than a second ambient temperature threshold; wherein the first ambient temperature threshold is greater than the second ambient temperature threshold.
  20. 20. A method of controlling an energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-19, comprising: And through the switching operation of the bypass access mechanism (23), the heat exchange bypass (22) is accessed into the heat exchange medium circulation of the heat exchange loop (21) or separated from the heat exchange medium circulation of the heat exchange loop (21).

Description

Energy storage system and control method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage system and a control method thereof. Background With the increasing increase of environmental pollution, the new energy industry is receiving more and more attention. In the new energy industry, battery technology is an important factor in its development. The rechargeable battery can activate the active substance to continue to use in a charging mode after discharging, and has wide application prospect in the field of large-scale energy storage. Disclosure of Invention In one aspect of the disclosure, an energy storage system is provided, comprising a battery for storing and releasing energy, and a thermal management system, wherein the thermal management system comprises a heat exchange loop comprising a first heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the battery, a heat exchange bypass comprising a second heat exchanger capable of achieving natural cooling, and a bypass access mechanism arranged on at least one of the heat exchange loop and the heat exchange bypass, wherein a heat exchange medium of the heat exchange bypass access to the heat exchange loop is circulated or a heat exchange medium of the heat exchange loop is separated from the heat exchange medium circulation of the heat exchange loop by switching operation of the bypass access mechanism. In the embodiment, the heat exchange loop is provided with a first heat exchanger capable of exchanging heat with the battery, heat exchange medium circulation through the heat exchange loop can exchange heat with the battery in the first heat exchanger to meet the thermal management requirement of the battery, the heat exchange bypass is provided with a second heat exchanger capable of realizing natural cooling, so that consumption of external energy can be effectively saved, the heat exchange bypass can be matched with switching operation of a bypass access structure arranged on at least one of the heat exchange loop and the heat exchange bypass, and connection or disconnection of the heat exchange medium circulation relative to the heat exchange loop is realized, so that the thermal management system can establish different heat exchange medium circulation forms according to actual conditions, the adaptability of the energy storage system to the thermal management aspect can be improved, and the requirements of improving the thermal management efficiency, saving energy consumption and the like can be met. In some embodiments, the bypass access mechanism comprises a three-way liquid valve arranged in the heat exchange loop and connected with the first heat exchanger in series, wherein a first end of the heat exchange bypass is connected with the heat exchange loop through the three-way liquid valve, the first end of the heat exchange bypass is communicated with or disconnected from the heat exchange loop through switching of the three-way liquid valve, and a second end of the heat exchange bypass is connected with the heat exchange loop. In this embodiment, through the switching function of the three-way liquid valve disposed in the heat exchange circuit, the first end of the heat exchange bypass may be connected to or disconnected from the heat exchange circuit, so as to meet the corresponding thermal management requirement. In some embodiments, the three-way liquid valve is downstream of the first heat exchanger in a heat exchange medium flow direction of the heat exchange circuit. In this embodiment, the three-way liquid valve is disposed downstream of the first heat exchanger, so that the split flow achieved by the three-way liquid valve is after the operation of heat exchange of the battery by the first heat exchanger, which can make more heat exchange medium be used for heat exchange with the battery, which is beneficial to improving heat exchange efficiency. The heat exchange medium after heat exchange of the first heat exchanger can be partially split into a heat exchange bypass through the three-way liquid valve, so that the heat exchange bypass can be heated or naturally cooled according to the thermal management requirement of the battery. In some embodiments, the three-way liquid valve is configured to adjust a flow distribution relationship between the heat exchange circuit and the heat exchange bypass in a state in which the heat exchange bypass is connected to a heat exchange medium circulation of the heat exchange circuit. In this embodiment, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange loop may be split at the position of the three-way liquid valve, where one part enters the heat exchange bypass and the other part continues to run in the heat exchange loop. In the case of a heat exchange circuit that exchanges heat with a compression refrigeration cycle through an evaporator, when it is desired that the cooling effect of the battery is improved, the amount of cold in the comp