CN-122025932-A - Composite phase change material battery thermal management system and method with bidirectional temperature control function and battery pack

CN122025932ACN 122025932 ACN122025932 ACN 122025932ACN-122025932-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite phase change material battery thermal management system and method with bidirectional temperature control and a battery pack, and relates to the technical field of battery thermal management. The battery thermal management system comprises a battery module, a composite phase temperature control module and a control module, wherein the composite phase temperature control module is tightly wrapped on the surface of the battery module, the control module monitors temperature data of the battery module and performs mode switching according to the temperature data to send a temperature control signal, and the composite phase temperature control module regulates and controls the temperature of the battery module according to the temperature control signal. The invention realizes the bidirectional temperature control of the battery, improves the control precision of the battery operation temperature, effectively prolongs the service life of the battery and ensures the stable and safe battery operation.

Inventors

CHEN JI
SHEN HAIBO
HUANG XIAOJUN
CHEN WEICHEN
LIU JINGTONG

Assignees

广东汇创新能源有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260313

Claims (10)

1. The composite phase change material battery thermal management system with the bidirectional temperature control function is characterized by comprising a battery module, a composite phase change temperature control module and a control module; The control module is respectively connected with the battery module and the composite phase temperature control module, and the composite phase temperature control module is tightly covered on the surface of the battery module; The control module is used for monitoring temperature data in the running process of the battery module, performing mode switching according to the temperature data and sending a temperature control signal; and the composite phase temperature control module is used for regulating and controlling the temperature of the battery module according to the temperature control signal.
2. The thermal management system of a composite phase change material battery with bidirectional temperature control as recited in claim 1, wherein the composite phase change temperature control module comprises a heat conducting contact layer, a gradient phase change energy storage layer, an intelligent electrothermal conversion layer and a heat preservation protective layer which are sequentially stacked.
3. The thermal management system of a composite phase change material battery with bidirectional temperature control as recited in claim 2, wherein the heat conducting contact layer is made of silica gel-based composite material, and the surface of the heat conducting contact layer is provided with micro-groove structures distributed in a spiral manner.
4. The composite phase-change material battery thermal management system with bidirectional temperature control as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the gradient phase-change energy storage layer adopts a double-section phase-change structure, the inner layer of the gradient phase-change energy storage layer is a low-melting-point phase-change matrix and is composed of paraffin and polyethylene glycol according to a first preset mass ratio, the outer layer of the gradient phase-change energy storage layer is a high-melting-point phase-change matrix and is composed of stearic acid and pentaerythritol according to a second preset mass ratio, and graphene-carbon nano tube composite heat-conducting filler is added into the two layers.
5. The composite phase change material battery thermal management system with bidirectional temperature control as recited in claim 2, wherein the intelligent electrothermal conversion layer comprises a flexible polyimide heating film and porous aerogel, and is a combined structure of the flexible polyimide heating film embedded in a porous aerogel carrier.
6. The thermal management system of the composite phase change material battery with bidirectional temperature control as recited in claim 2, wherein the heat preservation protective layer is made of flame-retardant polyurethane foam, and the surface of the heat preservation protective layer is coated with a hydrophobic coating.
7. The composite phase change material battery thermal management system with bidirectional temperature control as recited in claim 2 wherein the battery thermal management system further comprises an auxiliary heat dissipation/heating module; The auxiliary heat dissipation/heating module comprises a grading air duct, a micro fan and a pulse heating triggering sub-module, wherein the grading air duct is formed on the surface of the heat insulation protective layer, the micro fan is connected with the control module, and the pulse heating triggering sub-module is connected with the control module and the intelligent electric heating conversion layer; The control module is also used for controlling the micro fan to start when the heat dissipation mode is switched, accelerating the temperature emission on the surface of the composite phase temperature control module through the grading air duct to dissipate heat of the battery module, and controlling the pulse heating triggering sub-module to emit pulse signals when the heat dissipation mode is switched to the heating mode, and the intelligent electric heating conversion layer triggers a slip enhanced heat transfer mechanism according to the pulse signals to heat the battery module.
8. The composite phase change material battery thermal management system with bidirectional temperature control as set forth in claim 1, wherein the control module comprises a temperature sensor array, a main control chip and a driving circuit; the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells with the same specification, the composite phase temperature control module comprises composite phase temperature control units with the same number, the composite phase temperature control units are connected through buckles, the surface of any battery cell is tightly covered with the composite phase temperature control unit, and the temperature sensor array is provided with a collection point every 2-4 battery cells.
9. A method for thermal management of a composite phase change material battery with bidirectional temperature control, which is applied to the thermal management system of a composite phase change material battery with bidirectional temperature control as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: s1, monitoring temperature data of the battery module in the operation process; s2, performing mode switching according to the temperature data, switching to a heating mode when the temperature data is smaller than a first threshold value, and executing S3, switching to a heat preservation mode when the temperature data is larger than the first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value, and executing S4, switching to a heat radiation mode when the temperature data is larger than the second threshold value, and executing S5; S3, a heating and warming step, namely sending a warming control signal, and triggering a slip enhanced heat transfer mechanism to heat the battery module by the composite phase temperature change control module according to the warming control signal; s4, a heat preservation step, wherein the composite phase temperature control module controls the temperature of the battery module to keep balance according to gradient phase change; s5, a heat dissipation and cooling step, namely sending a cooling control signal, and cooling the battery module by the composite phase temperature change control unit according to the cooling control signal.
10. A battery pack is characterized by comprising at least one battery module and the composite phase change material battery thermal management system with bidirectional temperature control as set forth in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the composite phase change temperature control module is coated on the surface of a battery cell in the battery module, and the arrangement of the battery modules in the battery pack is consistent with the trend of a grading air duct.

Description

Composite phase change material battery thermal management system and method with bidirectional temperature control function and battery pack Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, in particular to a composite phase change material battery thermal management system and method with bidirectional temperature control and a battery pack. Background With the continuous improvement of the energy density and the power density of the battery, the heat generation problem in the working process of the battery is increasingly outstanding, the performance, the service life and the safety of the battery are highly sensitive to the temperature, and the efficiency is optimal in a proper range of 20-40 ℃ when the battery is operated. The phase change material (PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL, PCM) is widely applied in the field of battery thermal management by virtue of the advantages of high phase change latent heat, passive temperature control, no additional energy consumption and the like, but the prior art still has a plurality of pain points: The traditional PCM has low heat conductivity coefficient (generally less than or equal to 0.5W/(m.K)), even if the heat conducting filler is added, heat transfer efficiency and heat storage energy density are difficult to be compatible, so that heat dissipation saturation is easy to achieve under high-temperature working conditions, local hot spots cannot be effectively restrained, the traditional PCM heat management system is focused on a single heat dissipation function, an external heating device is needed to be relied on under a low-temperature environment, the problems of uneven heating and high energy consumption exist, the phase change hysteresis of the PCM can further influence the heating efficiency, in addition, the phase change material can generate 10% -15% of volume expansion in the solid-liquid conversion process, if the packaging design is unreasonable, leakage is easy to be caused, meanwhile, the traditional packaging structure can increase contact thermal resistance, and the temperature control effect is influenced. Therefore, a device or system for uniformly heating the battery while realizing the efficient and uniform heat dissipation function is needed, so that the problems in the prior art are solved, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the energy consumption is reduced. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a composite phase change material battery thermal management system and method with bidirectional temperature control and a battery pack, which realize the integration of battery heat dissipation and refrigeration functions, improve the control precision of battery operation temperature, control the battery to work in a proper temperature range, effectively prolong the service life of the battery and ensure the stable and safe battery operation. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A composite phase change material battery thermal management system with bidirectional temperature control comprises a battery module, a composite phase change temperature control module and a control module; The control module is respectively connected with the battery module and the composite phase temperature control module, and the composite phase temperature control module is tightly covered on the surface of the battery module; The control module is used for monitoring temperature data in the running process of the battery module, performing mode switching according to the temperature data and sending a temperature control signal; and the composite phase temperature control module is used for regulating and controlling the temperature of the battery module according to the temperature control signal. The system described above, optionally, the composite phase temperature control module comprises a heat conduction contact layer, a gradient phase change energy storage layer, an intelligent electric heating conversion layer and a heat preservation protective layer which are sequentially laminated. In the above system, optionally, the heat conductive contact layer is made of a silica gel-based composite material, and the surface of the heat conductive contact layer is provided with a spiral micro-groove structure. The system is characterized in that the gradient phase-change energy storage layer adopts a double-section phase-change structure, the inner layer of the gradient phase-change energy storage layer is a low-melting-point phase-change matrix and is composed of paraffin and polyethylene glycol according to a first preset mass ratio, the outer layer of the gradient phase-change energy storage layer is a high-melting-point phase-change matrix and is composed of stearic acid and pentaerythritol according to a second preset mass ratio, and graphene-carbon nano tube composite heat-conducting filler is added to the two layers