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CN-122026057-A - Vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna

CN122026057ACN 122026057 ACN122026057 ACN 122026057ACN-122026057-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna which comprises a dielectric substrate, a grounding plate, a main radiator, a parasitic radiator and a parasitic radiator, wherein the dielectric substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface, the grounding plate is arranged on the second surface, a groove structure is formed in the grounding plate, at least part of the area of the grounding plate is divided into a plurality of conductive branches by the groove structure, one end of each conductive branch is connected with the grounding plate, the main radiator is arranged on the first surface and is electrically connected with the grounding plate, the projection of the main radiator on the grounding plate is at least partially located in the area surrounded by or adjacent to the groove structure, the parasitic radiator is arranged on the grounding plate and is electrically connected with the grounding plate, the projection of the parasitic radiator on the grounding plate is staggered with the projection of the main radiator on the grounding plate, and the main radiator, the conductive branches and the parasitic radiator form a plurality of resonance structures together, so that at least one resonance mode is generated in a plurality of frequency bands respectively, and the coverage area of the frequency bands is improved. The invention is used for realizing multi-band coverage and has good resonance characteristic and radiation efficiency.

Inventors

  • ZHANG HONGLING

Assignees

  • 常州柯特瓦电子股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260331

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna, comprising: the dielectric substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged; The grounding plate is arranged on the second surface, a groove structure is formed in the grounding plate, at least part of the area of the grounding plate is divided into a plurality of conductive branches by the groove structure, and one end of each conductive branch is connected with the grounding plate; The main radiator is arranged on the first surface, is electrically connected with the grounding plate, and is at least partially positioned in a region surrounded by or adjacent to the groove structure in a projection manner on the grounding plate; The parasitic radiator is arranged on the grounding plate and is electrically connected with the grounding plate, and the projection of the parasitic radiator on the grounding plate is staggered with the projection of the main radiator on the grounding plate; The main radiator, the conductive branches and the parasitic radiator form a plurality of resonance structures together, so that at least one resonance mode is generated in a plurality of frequency bands respectively, and the coverage range of the frequency bands is improved.
  2. 2. The vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna of claim 1, wherein the slot structure comprises at least two U-shaped slots and at least one L-shaped slot, the U-shaped slots and the L-shaped slots being spaced apart on the ground plate to divide at least three of the conductive branches on the ground plate.
  3. 3. The vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna of claim 2, wherein the at least three conductive branches are each configured to generate three different resonant frequencies within the low frequency band, the three different resonant frequencies being coupled to one another to form a low frequency passband covering 617MHz-960 MHz.
  4. 4. The vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna of claim 1, wherein the parasitic radiator is a separate metal sheet that is connected to the ground plate to make an electrical connection, thereby forming a closed conductor loop.
  5. 5. The vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna of claim 4, wherein the parasitic radiator is one half wavelength corresponding to a 617MHz band to generate a resonance point in a low frequency band for improving impedance matching at a lower boundary of the low frequency band; And/or the parasitic radiator is a quarter wavelength corresponding to the 617MHz band to generate a second harmonic resonance in the 1427MHz band for at least partially covering the 1427MHz-2690MHz mid-band.
  6. 6. The vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna according to claim 5, wherein the parasitic radiator comprises a main body part with an L-shaped structure, and a first mounting part is arranged at one end of the main body part and is used for being matched with a first mounting hole on the dielectric substrate or the grounding plate; The parasitic radiator comprises a main body part, a dielectric substrate and a first notch, wherein the main body part of the parasitic radiator is provided with the first notch, the first notch is positioned on one side of the main body part facing the dielectric substrate, and the first notch is in a stepped structure.
  7. 7. The vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna of claim 1, wherein the main radiator is configured to generate fundamental resonance in a low frequency band and generate multi-order frequency bands in a medium frequency band and a high frequency band.
  8. 8. The vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna of claim 7, wherein the main radiator comprises: The first part is arranged in parallel with the medium substrate, a second notch is formed in the first part, the second notch is of a mountain-shaped structure, a first branch and a second branch which extend in the same direction are formed in the second notch, and a third branch which extends towards the direction of the second branch is arranged at the side end of the first branch; the second part is connected with the first part and is in an arc-shaped structure, a second installation part is arranged at the bottom of the second part, and a second installation hole matched with the second installation part is formed in the dielectric substrate or the grounding plate; The first part is provided with a third part and a fourth part which are oppositely arranged, the third part is adjacent to the second part and is in a square structure, and the fourth part and the third part are staggered and are in a trapezoid structure.
  9. 9. The vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna of claim 1, wherein the main radiator, the plurality of conductive branches and the parasitic radiator form a plurality of resonant modes in the frequency bands 617MHz-960MHz, 1427MHz-2690MHz and 3300MHz-5000MHz to achieve an improved coverage range of the frequency bands; the antenna efficiency is more than 40% in the low frequency range of 617MHz-960MHz, more than 50% in the medium frequency range of 1427MHz-2690MHz, and more than 60% in the high frequency range of 3300MHz-5000 MHz.
  10. 10. The vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a microstrip line electrically connected to the main radiator, the dielectric substrate is further provided with a connector and the connector is electrically connected to one end of the microstrip line.

Description

Vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna. Background With the rapid development of the internet of vehicles technology, the vehicle-mounted communication system puts higher requirements on antenna performance. The fifth generation mobile communication technology is applied in large scale, so that the vehicle-mounted antenna needs to support the frequency band coverage of 617-960MHz, 1427-2690MHz and 3300-5000MHz simultaneously, and the diversified service requirements of the vehicle networking, the intelligent transportation system, the high-definition vehicle-mounted entertainment and the like are met. In the aspect of low-frequency band coverage, the conventional vehicle-mounted antenna generally adopts the following technical scheme that firstly, a current path is prolonged by increasing the physical length of a radiation unit to realize low-frequency resonance, and secondly, a complex impedance matching network is introduced to expand the bandwidth. However, the above solution has the obvious drawbacks that the former results in a larger size of the antenna structure and is difficult to adapt to the compact installation space in the vehicle, and the latter increases design complexity and production cost, and the insertion loss of the matching network reduces the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The design frequency band of the existing 5G vehicle-mounted antenna is usually 698-960MHz or 1710-2690MHz. Compared with the traditional frequency band division, the frequency band spans of current 617-960MHz and 1427-2690MHz are obviously increased, the lower limit of low frequency is extended from 698MHz to 617MHz, and the middle frequency band of 1427-1710MHz is newly added, so that the applicability of the traditional antenna structure is poor. If the prior art is used, lower frequency resonance around 617MHz requires longer radiation paths, while broadband coverage of 1427-2690MHz requires the structure to have multi-band resonance capability. Therefore, how to achieve high-efficiency coverage of 617 MHz to 5000 MHz frequency bands through a simplified antenna structure under a limited space constraint, while ensuring good resonance characteristics and radiation efficiency is a problem to be solved. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna which is used for realizing multi-frequency coverage and has good resonance characteristics and radiation efficiency. The invention adopts the following technical scheme: A vehicle-mounted 5G multi-frequency antenna, comprising: the dielectric substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged; The grounding plate is arranged on the second surface, a groove structure is formed in the grounding plate, at least part of the area of the grounding plate is divided into a plurality of conductive branches by the groove structure, and one end of each conductive branch is connected with the grounding plate; The main radiator is arranged on the first surface, is electrically connected with the grounding plate, and is at least partially positioned in a region surrounded by or adjacent to the groove structure in a projection manner on the grounding plate; The parasitic radiator is arranged on the grounding plate and is electrically connected with the grounding plate, and the projection of the parasitic radiator on the grounding plate is staggered with the projection of the main radiator on the grounding plate; The main radiator, the conductive branches and the parasitic radiator form a plurality of resonance structures together, so that at least one resonance mode is generated in a plurality of frequency bands respectively, and the coverage range of the frequency bands is improved. Preferably, the slot structure comprises at least two U-shaped slots and at least one L-shaped slot, the U-shaped slots and the L-shaped slots being spaced apart on the ground plate to divide at least three of the conductive branches on the ground plate. Preferably, the at least three conductive branches are each configured to generate three different resonant frequencies in the low frequency band, the three different resonant frequencies being coupled to each other to form a low frequency passband covering 617MHz-960 MHz. Preferably, the parasitic radiator is a separate metal sheet connected to the ground plate to make an electrical connection, thereby forming a closed conductor loop. Preferably, the parasitic radiator is one half wavelength corresponding to the 617MHz band, so as to generate a resonance point in the low frequency band, and the resonance point is used for improving impedance matching of the lower boundary of the low frequency band; And/or the parasitic radiator is a quarter wavelength corresponding to the 617MHz band to generate a second harmonic res