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CN-122026063-A - Miniaturized Beidou navigation antenna based on composite material and preparation method thereof

CN122026063ACN 122026063 ACN122026063 ACN 122026063ACN-122026063-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniaturized Beidou navigation antenna based on a composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the antenna comprises a radiation patch, a composite dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate and a feed structure which are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, wherein the dielectric constant epsilon r of the composite dielectric substrate is 6.1, the dielectric loss tangent tan delta is 0.012, the radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the composite dielectric substrate, a main body of the radiation patch is of a square sheet structure, 12 cutting grooves are uniformly arranged on four sides, each side comprises a first cutting groove positioned in the middle and second cutting grooves positioned on two sides of the first cutting groove, a corner cutting structure is further arranged in one diagonal direction of the radiation patch, the feed structure comprises a coaxial probe and an SMA adapter, the coaxial probe penetrates from the back surface of the metal grounding plate and is connected with the radiation patch after penetrating through the composite dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch deviates from the position of a geometric center along the y axis direction, and the feed point is arranged. The antenna has compact structure, reliable performance and good environmental adaptability.

Inventors

  • ZHAO LILI
  • WANG JIANAN
  • YANG MENGCHEN
  • CHAI DONG
  • ZHANG GUOXUAN

Assignees

  • 西北大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260316

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The miniature Beidou navigation antenna based on the composite material is characterized by comprising a radiation patch (1), a composite dielectric substrate (2), a metal grounding plate (3) and a feed structure (4) which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; The composite dielectric substrate (2) is made of BST (Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 TiO 3 ) and PEEK (Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 TiO 3 /Polyether Ether Ketone) composite materials with the volume fraction of 20%, the dielectric constant epsilon r is 6.1 and the dielectric loss tangent tan delta is 0.012 when measured at the frequency band of 1000 MHz; The radiation patch (1) is arranged on the upper surface of the composite medium substrate (2), the main body of the radiation patch is of a square structure, 12 cutting grooves are uniformly formed in four edges, each edge comprises a first cutting groove (101) positioned in the middle and second cutting grooves (102) positioned on two sides of the first cutting groove (101), the length of the first cutting groove (101) is larger than that of the second cutting groove (102), and a corner cutting structure (103) is further arranged in one diagonal direction of the radiation patch (1); The feeding structure (4) comprises a coaxial probe (401) and an SMA adapter (402), the coaxial probe penetrates through the back of the metal grounding plate (3), penetrates through the composite dielectric substrate (2) and then is connected with the radiation patch (1), and the radiation patch (1) deviates from the geometric center along the y-axis direction, and is provided with a feeding point (104).
  2. 2. The miniaturized beidou navigation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the dielectric constant epsilon r of the composite dielectric substrate (2) is 6.1 and the dielectric loss tangent tan delta is 0.012.
  3. 3. A miniaturized beidou navigation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said antenna has overall dimensions of 35mm x 1mm, implementing 0.000177 under the cooperation of a composite dielectric substrate (2) Is a size of (c) a.
  4. 4. The miniaturized Beidou navigation antenna according to claim 1, wherein the size parameters of the 12 cutting grooves of the radiation patch (1) and the cutting angle structures (103) are determined through electromagnetic simulation software optimization, and the miniaturized Beidou navigation antenna is used for realizing miniaturized regulation and control of antenna resonant frequency and excitation of circular polarization characteristics.
  5. 5. The miniaturized Beidou navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein the offset of the feed point in the y-axis direction is optimally determined so that the return loss S11< -15dB of the antenna is 1575 MHz.
  6. 6. A miniaturized beidou navigation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum radiation direction gain of said antenna is 2.89dBi around the beidou 1575MHz band, the axial ratio value is lower than 3dB at the center frequency, and the axial ratio in the zenith direction (0 °) is lower than 3dB.
  7. 7. The miniaturized Beidou navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein the composite dielectric substrate is compounded by taking PEEK as a matrix and taking BST as a filling phase, wherein the volume fraction of PEEK is 80 percent and the volume fraction of BST is 20 percent.
  8. 8. A method for manufacturing a miniaturized beidou navigation antenna according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of: Step S1, mixing BST and PEEK according to a preset proportion to prepare a composite wire rod; S2, adopting a fused deposition modeling 3D printing technology to print the composite wire rod to prepare a composite medium substrate (2); S3, arranging a radiation patch (1) with the 12 cutting grooves and the corner cutting structures on the upper surface of the composite dielectric substrate (2); S4, forming a metal grounding plate (3) on the lower surface of the composite dielectric substrate (2); And S5, penetrating the coaxial probe from the back surface of the metal grounding plate (3), and connecting the coaxial probe with a feed point (104) of the radiation patch (1) after penetrating through the composite dielectric substrate (2).
  9. 9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 8, characterized in that the radiation patch (1) is formed in step S3 by a copper-clad and etching process.
  10. 10. The method of manufacturing according to claim 8, characterized in that the position of the feeding point (104) on the radiating patch is determined by electromagnetic simulation software optimization such that the antenna meets the performance requirements of S11< -15dB and an axial ratio <3dB at 1575 MHz.

Description

Miniaturized Beidou navigation antenna based on composite material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a miniaturized Beidou navigation antenna based on a composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background As a global satellite navigation system, the Beidou satellite navigation system is widely applied to the fields of mapping, traffic, emergency disaster relief, consumer electronics and the like. With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicles, wearable equipment, internet of things terminals and other miniaturized mobile platforms, unprecedented integration level and performance requirements are put forward on navigation antennas, wherein in extremely limited space, the antennas are required to have wide beam coverage, low elevation gain stability, accurate phase center and excellent multipath resistance and interference resistance so as to meet the high-precision positioning requirements under complex dynamic environments. Microstrip antennas become the current mainstream scheme by virtue of the advantages of low profile, light weight, easy conformal and the like, but in civil 1575MHz frequency band application, how to solve the contradiction between miniaturization and high performance of antennas on a space-limited platform and realize high-quality circularly polarized radiation is the key problem facing at present. In order to solve the problems, the novel functional material with high dielectric constant and low loss is adopted, and the physical size reduction, the expansion of the working bandwidth and the enhancement of the environmental adaptability of the antenna are realized by combining the antenna structure optimization, the impedance matching design and the radiation characteristic regulation and control, so that the development of the miniaturized Beidou terminal towards the application direction with higher performance, better integration level and stronger environmental robustness is promoted. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems of the existing Beidou navigation antenna in miniaturized application, the invention provides a design scheme of the miniaturized Beidou navigation antenna based on a BST/PEEK composite material. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a miniaturized beidou navigation antenna based on a composite material, wherein the antenna comprises a radiation patch, a composite dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate and a feed structure which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; the composite dielectric substrate is prepared by adopting a fused deposition modeling 3D printing technology, has high design freedom degree and excellent modeling efficiency, can break through the geometric limitation of the traditional process, and can accurately regulate and control the spatial distribution of BST filler. The composite dielectric substrate is made of BST/PEEK composite material with the volume fraction of 20%, the dielectric constant epsilon r is 6.1 under the frequency band of 1000MHz, and the dielectric loss tangent tan delta is 0.012; the radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the composite medium substrate, the main body of the radiation patch is of a square sheet structure, 12 cutting grooves are uniformly formed in four sides of the radiation patch, each side comprises a first cutting groove positioned in the middle and second cutting grooves positioned on two sides of the first cutting groove, the length of the first cutting groove is larger than that of the second cutting groove, and a corner cutting structure is further arranged in a diagonal direction of the radiation patch; The feeding structure comprises a coaxial probe and an SMA adapter, wherein the coaxial probe penetrates from the back surface of the metal grounding plate, penetrates through the composite dielectric substrate and then is connected with the radiation patch, and the radiation patch deviates from the geometric center along the y-axis direction, and is provided with a feeding point. Preferably, the overall dimensions of the antenna are 35mm x 1mm, achieving 0.000177The operating band covers the Beidou band (1575 MHz + -2.2 MHz) in compact electrical size. Preferably, the dielectric constant epsilon r of the composite dielectric substrate is 6.1. Preferably, the size parameters of the 12 cutting grooves and the corner cutting structures of the radiation patch are determined through electromagnetic simulation software optimization, and the size parameters are used for achieving miniaturized regulation and control of the antenna resonance frequency and excitation of circular polarization characteristics. Preferably, the feeding point is determined in an optimized mode by electromagnetic simulation software in the y-axis direction, so that the retur