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CN-122026066-A - Ultra-wide beam antenna based on multi-magnetic current superposition

CN122026066ACN 122026066 ACN122026066 ACN 122026066ACN-122026066-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-wide beam antenna based on multi-magnetic current superposition, and belongs to the field of microwave communication. The wide-beam antenna aims to solve the technical problems that the existing wide-beam antenna is limited in beam coverage and cannot achieve both vertical polarization and end-to-end radiation. The antenna comprises a top metal structure, a dielectric substrate, a bottom metal structure and a metallized through hole which are sequentially laminated, wherein the whole antenna is bilaterally symmetrical, and the antenna is integrated with a single-ended short-circuit double-sided resonator, a double-ended open-circuit double-sided resonator, a pair of double-ended short-circuit double-sided strip resonators and a grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line. The three resonators respectively generate clockwise semi-annular magnetic flow, front and back bidirectional semi-annular magnetic flow and vertical magnetic flow through feeding excitation of the grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line, and the multi-magnetic flow superposition realizes the ultra-wide wave beam vertical polarization end-direction radiation. The invention has the advantage of extremely wide beam width and can give consideration to vertical polarization and end-to-end radiation.

Inventors

  • SHI JIN
  • YU DENGHUI
  • SHEN YIJUN
  • XU KAI
  • JIANG RUIRUI
  • ZHANG LINGYAN

Assignees

  • 南通大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260320

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The ultra-wide beam antenna based on multi-magnetic current superposition is characterized by comprising a top metal structure (1), a dielectric substrate (2), a bottom metal structure (3) and a metalized through hole (4) which are sequentially stacked, wherein the whole antenna is bilaterally symmetrical relative to a vertical middle vertical plane of the dielectric substrate (2); the antenna is integrated with a single-ended short-circuit double-sided resonator, a double-ended open-circuit double-sided resonator, a pair of double-ended short-circuit double-sided strip resonators and a grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line; The grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line is used for feeding and exciting a single-end short-circuit double-sided resonator, and the single-end short-circuit double-sided resonator is used for coupling and exciting a double-end open-circuit double-sided resonator and a double-end short-circuit double-sided strip resonator; the double-end short-circuit double-sided resonator generates clockwise semi-annular magnetic flow, the double-end open-circuit double-sided resonator generates front-end clockwise semi-annular magnetic flow and rear-end anticlockwise semi-annular magnetic flow, the double-end short-circuit double-sided strip resonator generates vertical magnetic flow, and multiple types of magnetic flow are overlapped to form vertical polarized end-directed radiation of ultra-wide beams.
  2. 2. The ultra-wide beam antenna of claim 1, wherein the top metal structure (1) is located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (2) and comprises a top rectangular metal one (101), two top vertical metal strips one (102), a top rectangular metal two (104) and a top rectangular metal three (108); The top rectangular metal II (104) is provided with a pair of L-shaped grooves (103) to form a top vertical metal strip II (105) with the bottom end being a free end, and the top rectangular metal III (108) is provided with a pair of rectangular through grooves (107) to form a top vertical metal strip III (106); The first top layer rectangular metal (101) is arranged right in front of the second top layer rectangular metal (104), the first two top layer vertical metal strips (102) are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the second top layer rectangular metal (104) and the bottom ends of the first top layer vertical metal strips are connected with the third top layer rectangular metal (108), the bottom ends of the second top layer rectangular metal (104) are connected with the third top layer rectangular metal (108), and the bottom ends of the second top layer vertical metal strips (105) are connected with the top ends of the third top layer vertical metal strips (106).
  3. 3. The ultra-wide beam antenna of claim 2, wherein the bottom metal structure (3) is located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (2) and comprises a bottom rectangular metal one (301), two bottom vertical metal strips (302), a bottom rectangular metal two (303) and a metal ground (304); The bottom rectangular metal one (301), the bottom vertical metal strip (302) and the bottom rectangular metal two (303) are respectively equal in size and aligned up and down with the top rectangular metal one (101), the top vertical metal strip one (102) and the top rectangular metal two (104).
  4. 4. An ultra-wide beam antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the metallized vias (4) comprise two independent metallized vias (401), two horizontal rows of metallized vias (402) and two vertical rows of metallized vias (403); The two independent metalized through holes (401) are respectively connected with the top ends of the top-layer vertical metal strip I (102) and the bottom-layer vertical metal strip (302), and the two horizontal-row metalized through holes (402) and the two vertical-row metalized through holes (403) are used for connecting the top-layer rectangular metal III (108) and the metal ground (304) and are respectively positioned on the upper side of the top-layer rectangular metal III (108) and two sides of the pair of rectangular through grooves (107).
  5. 5. The ultra-wide beam antenna of claim 4, wherein the double-ended open-circuited double-sided resonator is comprised of a top rectangular metal one (101), a bottom rectangular metal one (301), and a dielectric substrate (2); The pair of double-end short-circuit double-sided strip resonators are composed of two top-layer vertical metal strips (102), two bottom-layer vertical metal strips (302), two independent metallized through holes (401), two transverse metallized through holes (402) and a dielectric substrate (2); the single-ended short-circuit double-sided resonator consists of a top rectangular metal II (104), a bottom rectangular metal II (303), two transverse metallized through holes (402) and a dielectric substrate (2); The grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line is composed of a top layer vertical metal strip III (106), a pair of rectangular through grooves (107), a top layer rectangular metal III (108), a metal ground (304), two vertical row metallized through holes (403) and a dielectric substrate (2).
  6. 6. The ultra-wide beam antenna of claim 2, wherein the top layer of rectangular metal one (101) has a length of 0.25 λ 0 ~0.27λ 0 in the vertical direction and a width of 0.14 λ 0 ~0.15λ 0 in the horizontal direction, and the free space wavelength corresponds to a center frequency of 0.029λ 0 ~0.031λ 0 ,λ 0 for the side margin of the top layer of rectangular metal two (104).
  7. 7. The ultra-wide beam antenna of claim 6, wherein the top layer of the first vertical metal strip (102) has a length of 0.30λ 0 ~0.32λ 0 in a vertical direction and a margin of 0.085λ 0 to 0.086λ from the top layer of the second rectangular metal strip (104).
  8. 8. The ultra-wide beam antenna of claim 6, wherein the top rectangular metal two (104) has a vertical length of 0.12λ 0 ~0.14λ 0 and a horizontal width that coincides with the top rectangular metal one (101).
  9. 9. The ultra-wide beam antenna of claim 1, wherein a spacing of the double-ended open-circuited double-sided resonator from the single-ended short-circuited double-sided resonator, a spacing of the double-ended short-circuited double-sided stripe resonator from the single-ended short-circuited double-sided resonator is used to adjust to control an antenna beam width.
  10. 10. The ultra-wide beam antenna of claim 1, wherein the grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line modulates antenna impedance matching by adjusting the width and insertion depth of a top layer vertical metal strip two (105).

Description

Ultra-wide beam antenna based on multi-magnetic current superposition Technical Field The invention relates to the field of microwave communication, in particular to an ultra-wide beam antenna. Background Wide beam antennas, by virtue of their broad coverage, are capable of achieving stable signal reception and transmission over a large spatial range, and are thus widely used in modern wireless systems. However, with the continuous evolution of wireless communication technologies, such as indoor distribution systems, mobile satellite communication, unmanned aerial vehicle data link, and near field communication, more stringent requirements are put on the coverage of antenna systems, and the antenna is required to have ultra-wide beam and even hemispherical coverage characteristics. The existing wide-beam antenna design method mainly comprises the steps that a magnetic dipole is combined with a trapezoid metal ground, and a vertical side wall is introduced to widen an edge-emitting H-plane beam, but due to the fact that the folding angle is limited, current distribution changes are not obvious, the beam width is widened only to 120 degrees, and vertical polarization and end-to-end radiation cannot be achieved. The second method is to introduce two pairs of passive linear elements on the upper layer of the patch antenna, wherein a pair with larger size is used as a reflector to induce the current opposite to the patch to widen the E-plane side-emission type beam width, and a pair with smaller size is used as a guide to induce the current in the same direction as the patch to widen the H-plane side-emission type beam width, but the E-plane and the H-plane beam are narrower in broadening (155 degrees and 142 degrees respectively), and the vertical polarization and the end-direction radiation cannot be simultaneously realized. And the third is to excite the mixture of the substrate integrated waveguide resonator and the front super surface by adopting coaxial feed, and radiate the vertical polarized electric field of the substrate integrated waveguide resonator to the left and right sides by utilizing the lateral leakage effect of the super surface, so as to realize the radiation of the H-plane wide beam, but the beam width is narrower (only 130 degrees) due to the limited lateral leakage capability of the super surface. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a novel ultra-wide beam antenna to achieve omni-directional coverage of a hemispherical surface or even a larger space, while simultaneously achieving both vertical polarization and end-to-end radiation. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides an ultra-wide beam antenna based on multi-magnetic current superposition, which realizes the ultra-wide beam antenna with hemispherical or even larger space coverage and simultaneously combines vertical polarization and end-to-end radiation. The technical scheme is that the ultra-wide beam antenna based on multi-magnetic current superposition comprises a top metal structure, a dielectric substrate, a bottom metal structure and a metalized through hole which are sequentially stacked, wherein the antenna is wholly symmetrical about a vertical center vertical plane of the dielectric substrate; the antenna is integrated with a single-ended short-circuit double-sided resonator, a double-ended open-circuit double-sided resonator, a pair of double-ended short-circuit double-sided strip resonators and a grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line; The grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line is used for feeding and exciting a single-end short-circuit double-sided resonator, and the single-end short-circuit double-sided resonator is used for coupling and exciting a double-end open-circuit double-sided resonator and a double-end short-circuit double-sided strip resonator; the double-end short-circuit double-sided resonator generates clockwise semi-annular magnetic flow, the double-end open-circuit double-sided resonator generates front-end clockwise semi-annular magnetic flow and rear-end anticlockwise semi-annular magnetic flow, the double-end short-circuit double-sided strip resonator generates vertical magnetic flow, and multiple types of magnetic flow are overlapped to form vertical polarized end-directed radiation of ultra-wide beams. Further, the top metal structure is positioned on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and comprises a top rectangular metal I, two top vertical metal strips I, a top rectangular metal II and a top rectangular metal III; The top layer rectangular metal II is provided with a pair of L-shaped grooves to form a top layer vertical metal strip II with the bottom end being a free end; The first top layer rectangular metal is arranged right in front of the second top layer rectangular metal, the first two top layer vertical metal strips are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the second top layer rectangular metal, the botto