CN-122026082-A - Nanometer metal wire reinforced micro anti-irradiation GNSS antenna and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a nano metal wire reinforced micro anti-irradiation GNSS antenna and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of satellite navigation and antennas, the nano metal wire reinforced micro anti-irradiation GNSS antenna prepared by the invention has obvious technical effects, in the aspect of anti-irradiation performance, even under the irradiation dose of up to 100kGy, the signal attenuation rate can be controlled within 5 percent, compared with the traditional copper-based antenna, 25 percent of the signal attenuation rate is obviously improved, the resistivity of a conductive network is increased by not more than 10 percent, and meanwhile, the amorphous carbon coating provides shielding efficiency of up to more than 90 percent, and the penetration damage of high-energy particles is effectively resisted. In the aspect of miniaturization and flexibility, the size of the antenna is only (1-10) cm (0.1-1) mm, the weight is lighter than 5g, and the antenna can be attached to a curved surface with the radius of 10mm for installation, so that the flexibility and the adaptability of installation are greatly improved, and the antenna is suitable for complex scenes such as petrochemical pipelines, unmanned aerial vehicle bodies and the like.

Inventors

• WANG LIHUA
• Jin Zhengzhen
• WAN XIAOHAN
• ZHANG ZHUOHANG
• HU NA
• ZHAO LILI

Assignees

• 北京工业大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260319

Claims (10)

1. 1. A micro anti-irradiation GNSS antenna based on nano metal wire reinforcement is characterized by comprising a flexible substrate, a conductive layer and an anti-irradiation coating from bottom to top; The conductive layer is a three-dimensional network structure woven by silver nanowires or gold nanowires, and the line spacing of the three-dimensional network structure is less than or equal to 500nm; The anti-irradiation coating is an amorphous carbon coating; The size of the miniature anti-irradiation GNSS antenna is (1-10) cm (0.1-1) mm, and the weight is less than 5g.
2. 2. The nanowire-reinforced micro anti-radiation GNSS antenna of claim 1 wherein the conductivity of the conductive layer is equal to or greater than 1x 10 7 S/m.
3. 3. The nanowire-based enhanced micro anti-radiation GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein the silver or gold nanowires have a diameter of 50-200nm and an aspect ratio >1000.
4. 4. The nanowire-based enhanced micro anti-radiation GNSS antenna of claim 1 wherein the three-dimensional network structure is a spiral or rectangular patch radiator pattern.
5. 5. The nanowire-reinforced micro anti-irradiation GNSS antenna of claim 1, wherein the anti-irradiation coating is a double layer design, the bottom layer is a dense carbon film, and the surface layer is a gradient hydrogen doped layer.
6. 6. The nanowire-based enhanced micro-scale anti-radiation GNSS antenna of claim 5, wherein the thickness of the anti-radiation coating is 100-500nm, hydrogen content <5%.
7. 7. A method for preparing a micro anti-irradiation GNSS antenna based on nanowire reinforcement according to any one of claims 1-6 is characterized by comprising the steps of dissolving silver nanowires or gold nanowires in an organic solvent, conducting ultrasonic treatment to obtain a metal nanowire solution, preparing a three-dimensional network structure on a flexible substrate through ink-jet printing or a photoetching method by the metal nanowire solution, then conducting ultraviolet curing to form a conductive layer, and preparing an anti-irradiation coating on the conductive layer through a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method to obtain the micro anti-irradiation GNSS antenna based on nanowire reinforcement.
8. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the concentration of the metal nanowire solution is 0.1-0.5wt.%.
9. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the ultraviolet curing has a wavelength of 365nm, a power of 50mW/cm 2 and a time of 10min.
10. 10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the process parameters of the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method are that the flow ratio of methane to argon is 1:10, the radio frequency power is 200W, the air pressure is 50Pa, and the deposition rate is 10nm/min.

Description

Nanometer metal wire reinforced micro anti-irradiation GNSS antenna and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of satellite navigation and antennas, and particularly relates to a micro anti-irradiation GNSS antenna based on nano metal wire reinforcement and a preparation method thereof. Background Global navigation satellite system (Global Navigation SATELLITE SYSTEM, GNSS) antennas play a critical role in modern communications and navigation, however, conventional GNSS antennas are mostly manufactured by adopting copper, aluminum and other metal materials or printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB) processes, and have some remarkable technical limitations. For example, copper foil patch antennas are large (> 10cm 3), high in weight (> 5 g), and difficult to meet the demands for miniaturization of devices. In addition, the flexible PCB antenna has a limited thickness (< 5 μm) of a conductive layer although having flexibility, and a metal lattice is easily distorted or broken under irradiation of high-energy particles such as gamma rays and neutrons, resulting in a significant decrease in conductive performance, with a signal attenuation rate as high as 20% -30%. The existing GNSS antenna has poor adaptability in complex electromagnetic environment, the rigid substrate cannot be attached to the curved surface for installation, and the flexible substrate antenna is easy to be interfered by coupling. In addition, due to the skin effect of the traditional metal materials, the transmission efficiency of high-frequency signals (such as L1/L2 frequency bands) is low, and the signal loss is large. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a GNSS antenna that can improve the radiation resistance, miniaturization level and signal transmission efficiency. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a miniaturized anti-irradiation GNSS antenna based on nanowire reinforcement and a preparation method thereof, which are miniaturized flexible GNSS antennas suitable for high-irradiation and strong-electromagnetic interference environments, and signal receiving stability and anti-interference capacity are improved through nanowire materials and anti-irradiation coating design. The antenna has the advantages that the signal attenuation rate of the antenna under the irradiation dose of 100kGy is controlled to be less than 5% through the high conductivity of the nano metal wire and the shielding effect of the amorphous carbon coating, the irradiation resistance of the miniature irradiation-resistant GNSS antenna is improved remarkably, the combination of the nano wire network and an ultrathin flexible substrate is adopted, the antenna size is less than 5cm 3, the thickness is less than 0.3mm, the bending radius is less than or equal to 10mm, the miniaturization and the flexible design of the miniature irradiation-resistant GNSS antenna are realized, the return loss of the antenna in the frequency band of 1.2-1.6GHz is less than or equal to 20dB through the optimization of the density and the arrangement mode of the nano wire network, the gain is more than or equal to 3dBi, and the radiation efficiency is high-efficiency transmission of high-frequency signals. One of the technical schemes provided by the invention is as follows: The miniature anti-irradiation GNSS antenna based on the nanowire reinforcement comprises a flexible substrate, a conductive layer and an anti-irradiation coating from bottom to top, wherein the conductive layer is a three-dimensional network structure woven by silver nanowires or gold nanowires, the line spacing of the three-dimensional network structure is less than or equal to 500nm, the anti-irradiation coating is an amorphous carbon coating, the size of the miniature anti-irradiation GNSS antenna is (1-10) cm x (0.1-1) mm, and the weight is less than 5g. Further, the diameter of the silver nanowire or the gold nanowire is 50-200nm, the length-diameter ratio is more than 1000, the conductivity of the conductive layer is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10 7 S/m, and preferably, the diameter of the silver nanowire or the gold nanowire is 100nm, and the length-diameter ratio is 1200. Further, the three-dimensional network structure is a spiral or rectangular patch radiator pattern. Furthermore, the anti-irradiation coating is of a double-layer design, the bottom layer is a compact carbon film, and the surface layer is a gradient hydrogen doped layer. Still further, the thickness of the radiation resistant coating is 100-500nm, and the hydrogen content is <5%. The flexible substrate adopted by the invention is PI (Polyimide), the thickness is 50-200 mu m, the dielectric constant is less than or equal to 3.5, the temperature resistance grade is more than or equal to 200 ℃, and the surface roughness is less than 10nm. The second technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the