CN-122026084-A - Multi-antenna system and electronic equipment

Abstract

A multi-antenna scheme applied to electronic equipment is characterized in that an intelligent multi-antenna scheme with antennas distributed at the top, the side edges and the bottom of the electronic equipment is used for respectively forming three antenna groups at the top, the middle and the bottom, so that the antenna performance under multiple scenes such as a free space scene, a vertical screen hand-held scene (e.g. a voice call scene), a horizontal screen hand-held scene (e.g. a game playing scene) and the like can be considered, and the antenna radiation efficiency is improved.

Inventors

• YOU JIAQING
• WANG HANYANG
• ZHU XIANBIN
• WANG YAN
• SHEN LAIWEI
• XUE LIANG
• XU QIULIANG

Assignees

• 华为技术有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20190918

Claims (17)

1. 1. An electronic device comprising a multi-antenna system, wherein a housing of the electronic device has a peripheral conductive structure comprising an upper bezel, a lower bezel, and a side bezel, wherein the upper bezel has at least one top gap, the lower bezel has at least one bottom gap, and the side bezel has at least one side gap, wherein the multi-antenna system comprises a top antenna, a bottom antenna, side antennas, an antenna switch, wherein, The top antenna comprises the upper frame, the top gap and a top feed point, wherein the top feed point is arranged on the upper frame, the bottom antenna comprises the lower frame, the bottom gap and a bottom feed point, and the bottom feed point is arranged on the lower frame; And the plurality of antennas of the top antenna, the bottom antenna and the side antenna are connected with the antenna change-over switch, and the antenna change-over switch is used for selecting one of the plurality of antennas.
2. 2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the antenna switch comprises a first antenna switch, wherein the top antenna, the bottom antenna, and the side antenna are connected to the first antenna switch, and wherein the first antenna switch is specifically configured to select an antenna with an optimal signal quality from among the top antenna, the bottom antenna, and the side antenna as a main set antenna for cellular mobile communications.
3. 3. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the first antenna switch is further for selecting one of the top antenna, the bottom antenna, and the side antenna as a diversity antenna for cellular mobile communications.
4. 4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the first antenna switch is further specifically configured to select an antenna of suboptimal signal quality from among the top antenna, the bottom antenna, and the side antenna as a diversity antenna for cellular mobile communications.
5. 5. The electronic device of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the at least one top gap comprises a first top gap open at a first side of the upper bezel, a second top gap open at a second side of the upper bezel; The top feed points comprise a first top feed point and a second top feed point, wherein the first top feed point is arranged on a first side of the upper frame, and the second top feed point is arranged on a second side of the upper frame; The top antenna comprises a first top antenna and a second top antenna, wherein the first top antenna comprises a first part of the upper frame, the first top feed point and the first top gap, the second top antenna comprises a second part of the upper frame, the first top feed point and the second top gap, the first part is located on the first side, and the second part is located on the second side.
6. 6. The electronic device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the side frame comprises a first side frame and a second side frame, the first side frame being located on a first side of the electronic device and the second side frame being located on a second side of the electronic device; the at least one side gap comprises a first side gap arranged on the first side frame and a second side gap arranged on the second side frame; the side feed points comprise a first side feed point arranged on the first side frame and a second side feed point arranged on the second side frame; The side antenna comprises a first side antenna and a second side antenna, wherein the first side antenna comprises the first side frame, the first side feeding point and the first side gap, and the second side antenna comprises the second side frame, the second side feeding point and the second side gap.
7. 7. The electronic device of claim 6, wherein the first antenna switch is specifically connected to the bottom antenna, the second top antenna, the first side antenna, and the second side antenna, the first antenna switch being specifically configured to select the main set antenna from among the bottom antenna, the second top antenna, the first side antenna, and the second side antenna.
8. 8. The electronic device of claim 6 or 7, wherein the antenna switch comprises a second antenna switch, a third antenna switch; The second antenna change-over switch is connected with the second side antenna and the second top antenna, and is used for selecting an antenna with better signal quality from the second side antenna and the second top antenna as a wireless high-fidelity Wi-Fi antenna; The third antenna change-over switch is connected with the first side antenna and the first top antenna, and is used for selecting an antenna with better signal quality from the first side antenna and the first top antenna as a wireless high-fidelity Wi-Fi antenna.
9. 9. An electronic device comprises a multi-antenna system, and is characterized in that a shell of the electronic device is provided with a peripheral conductive structure, the peripheral conductive structure comprises an upper frame, a lower frame and a first side frame, at least one top gap is arranged on the upper frame, at least one bottom gap is arranged on the lower frame, at least one first side gap is arranged on the first side frame, the multi-antenna system comprises a first antenna, a second antenna, a first antenna change-over switch and a plurality of tuning switches, The first antenna comprises the lower frame, the bottom gap, a first feeding point, the first side frame and a first side gap, wherein the first feeding point is arranged on a peripheral conductive structure between the bottom gap and the first side gap; The second antenna comprises the upper frame, the top gap and a second feeding point, and the second feeding point is arranged on the upper frame; The first antenna change-over switch is connected with the first antenna and the second antenna, and is used for gating one of the first antenna and the second antenna; The plurality of tuning switches comprise at least one first tuning switch connected with the lower frame and at least one second tuning switch connected with the first side frame, wherein the first tuning switch is arranged on one side or two sides of the bottom gap, the second tuning switch is arranged on one side or two sides of the first side gap, the first tuning switch is used for being selectively disconnected or connected, and the second tuning switch is used for being selectively disconnected or connected.
10. 10. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein the lower bezel is energized to radiate outward if the first tuning switch is off and the second tuning switch is on and wherein the first side bezel is energized to radiate outward if the first tuning switch is on.
11. 11. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the second side frame has at least one second side gap thereon, further comprising a third antenna comprising a second side frame, the second side gap, and a third feed point, the third feed point disposed on the second side frame; The first antenna change-over switch is further connected with the third antenna, and is specifically used for selecting an antenna with optimal signal quality from the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna.
12. 12. An electronic device comprises a multi-antenna system, wherein a housing of the electronic device has a peripheral conductive structure comprising an upper frame, a lower frame, a first side frame and a second side frame, wherein the upper frame has a top gap, the lower frame has at least one bottom gap, the first side frame has at least one first side gap, and the second side frame has at least one second side gap, the multi-antenna system comprises a first antenna, a second antenna, a first antenna switch, and a plurality of tuning switches, The first antenna comprises the lower frame, the bottom gap, a first feeding point, the first side frame and the first side gap, wherein the first feeding point is arranged on a peripheral conductive structure between the bottom gap and the first side gap; the second antenna includes the upper bezel, the top gap, and a second feed point, and the second side bezel, the second side gap, the second feed point disposed on a peripheral conductive structure between the top gap and the second side gap; The first antenna change-over switch is connected with the first antenna and the second antenna, and is used for gating one of the first antenna and the second antenna; The plurality of tuning switches comprise at least one first tuning switch connected with the lower frame, at least one second tuning switch connected with the first side frame, at least one third tuning switch connected with the upper frame and at least one fourth tuning switch connected with the second side frame, wherein the first tuning switch is arranged on one side or two sides of the bottom gap, the second tuning switch is arranged on one side or two sides of the first side gap, the third tuning switch is arranged on one side or two sides of the top gap, the fourth tuning switch is arranged on one side or two sides of the second side gap, the first tuning switch is used for being selectively opened or closed, the second tuning switch is used for being selectively opened or closed, the third tuning switch is used for being selectively opened or closed, and the fourth tuning switch is used for being selectively opened or closed.
13. 13. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the lower bezel is energized to radiate outward if the first tuning switch is off and the second tuning switch is on and wherein the first side bezel is energized to radiate outward if the first tuning switch is on.
14. 14. The electronic device of claim 12 or 13, wherein the upper bezel is energized to radiate outward if the third tuning switch is off and the second bezel is energized to radiate outward if the third tuning switch is on.
15. 15. The antenna switching method of the electronic equipment is characterized in that the shell is provided with a peripheral conductive structure, the peripheral conductive structure comprises an upper frame, a lower frame and side frames, wherein a top gap is formed on the upper frame, a bottom gap is formed on the lower frame, and a side gap is formed on the side frame; the method comprises the following steps: if the display screen is in a screen-off state, the electronic equipment selects the bottom antenna group as a first antenna group; If the display screen is in a bright screen state, the electronic equipment selects the top antenna group as the first antenna group when detecting that the bottom of the electronic equipment is held, wherein the bottom is held by a vertical screen of a user and the bottom is held by a horizontal screen of the user, and selects the bottom antenna group as the first antenna group when detecting that the top of the electronic equipment is held by the electronic equipment, and the top is held by the vertical screen of the user and the top is held by the horizontal screen of the user.
16. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the electronic device performs antenna switching among the first antenna group according to signal quality, and specifically comprises selecting an antenna with the best signal quality from the first antenna group of the electronic device.
17. 17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the selecting the first antenna group from a top antenna group, a bottom antenna group, a middle antenna group according to the current scene comprises: If the current scene is a scene that the user holds the bottom of the electronic equipment in a vertical screen or a scene that the user holds the bottom of the electronic equipment in a horizontal screen, the electronic equipment selects the top antenna group as the first antenna group; Or alternatively If the current scene is a scene that the user holds the top of the electronic equipment in a vertical screen or a scene that the user holds the top of the electronic equipment in a horizontal screen, the electronic equipment selects the bottom antenna group as the first antenna group; Or alternatively And if the current scene is a scene of holding the top and the bottom of the electronic equipment by the user's horizontal screen, the electronic equipment selects the middle antenna group as the first antenna group.

Description

Multi-antenna system and electronic equipment The present application is a divisional application, the application number of the original application is 201910883759.1, the original application date is 2019, 9, 18, and the whole content of the original application is incorporated by reference. Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to a multi-antenna system applied in electronic devices. Background In order to bring more comfortable visual feeling to users, comprehensive screen Industry Design (ID) has become a design trend of portable electronic devices such as mobile phones. Comprehensive screen means a very large screen duty cycle (typically above 90%). The frame width of the full screen is greatly reduced, and internal devices of the mobile phone, such as a front camera, a receiver, a fingerprint identifier, an antenna and the like, need to be rearranged. Especially for antenna designs, the headroom area is reduced and the antenna space is further compressed. The size, bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna are related and mutually influenced, the size (space) of the antenna is reduced, and the bandwidth product (efficiency-bandwidth product) of the antenna is reduced. Thus, the full screen ID presents a significant challenge to the antenna design of the handset. Meanwhile, with the development of the mobile internet, the use scenes of users are increased, such as a call scene, a landscape screen game scene, a landscape screen video scene, a portrait screen internet surfing scene and the like. In different usage scenarios, the gesture of a user holding an electronic device such as a mobile phone is varied. Because the radiation efficiency of the antenna is easily interfered by the adjacent human tissues, such as the interference of hand holding and head approaching, a set of antenna systems which have excellent performance in various use situations of users is needed. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the invention provides electronic equipment, which is characterized in that three antenna groups of the top, the middle and the bottom are respectively formed by an intelligent multi-antenna scheme of arranging antennas at the top, the side and the bottom of the electronic equipment, so that the antenna performance in multiple scenes such as a free space scene, a vertical screen hand-held scene (e.g. a voice call scene), a horizontal screen hand-held scene (e.g. a game playing scene) and the like can be considered, and the antenna radiation efficiency is improved. In a first aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a multi-antenna system. The housing of the electronic device has a peripheral conductive structure. The peripheral conductive structure may be formed of a conductive material such as a metal. The peripheral conductive structure may extend around the periphery of the electronic device and the display screen, and the peripheral conductive structure may specifically surround four sides of the display screen, helping to secure the display screen. The peripheral conductive structure may include an upper rim, a lower rim, and a side rim. The upper rim may have at least one top gap, the lower rim may have at least one bottom gap, and the side rims may have at least one side gap. The multi-antenna system may include a top antenna, a bottom antenna, a side antenna, and a first antenna switch. The top antenna may include an upper bezel, a top gap, and a top feed point disposed on the upper bezel. The bottom antenna may include a lower bezel, a bottom gap, and a bottom feed point disposed on the lower bezel. The side antenna may include a side frame, a side gap, and a side feed point disposed on the side frame. The top antenna, the bottom antenna and the side antenna are connected with a first antenna switch, and the first antenna switch is used for selecting one of the top antenna, the bottom antenna and the side antenna as a main set antenna of cellular mobile communication. It can be seen that, according to the antenna design scheme provided in the first aspect, through the intelligent multi-antenna scheme of arranging antennas at the top, the side and the bottom of the electronic device, three antenna groups of the top, the middle and the bottom are formed respectively, so that the antenna performance under multiple scenes such as a free space scene, a vertical screen hand-held scene, a horizontal screen hand-held scene and the like can be considered, and the antenna radiation efficiency is improved. In the first aspect, the upper frame may be disposed at a top of the electronic device, and the lower frame may be disposed at a bottom of the electronic device. The first side frame and the second side frame can be respectively arranged at two sides of the electronic device. The upper rim may include one horizontal portion and two vertical portions. The length of the vertical portion does not exceed the