CN-122026090-A - Broadband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on dielectric resonance antenna

Abstract

The invention provides a broadband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on a dielectric resonance antenna, which relates to the technical field of millimeter wave communication and antennas, and introduces a choke groove structure into a top metal patch and a floor metal structure of an array unit. The choke groove forms a high-impedance boundary on surface current in a millimeter wave working frequency band, so that electromagnetic energy propagation along a metal surface is effectively inhibited, mutual coupling among array units is obviously reduced, and good impedance matching characteristics and phase consistency of the array in a wide frequency band range are ensured. In the part of the dielectric block positioned at the front end of the array and used for radiation, the invention reduces the direct contact area between the dielectric block and the metal of the floor by optimally designing the geometric shape of the dielectric block, thereby weakening the interference of the surface wave of the floor on the dielectric resonance mode.

Inventors

• DING XINHAO
• CHEN YAOXI
• CHEN JIANXIN

Assignees

• 南通大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260206

Claims (8)

1. 1. A broadband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on a dielectric resonance antenna is characterized by comprising an antenna substrate (4), wherein a feed substrate (10) is arranged below the antenna substrate (4), a first metal patch (1) is arranged above the feed substrate, a metallization groove (3) is arranged on the antenna substrate (4), and a dielectric block (6) is arranged on the side portion of the antenna substrate.
2. 2. The broadband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on the dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein the metallized slots (3) are uniformly arranged on the antenna substrate (4) in four groups, and each group of metallized slots (3) is provided with a dielectric block (6) in a side area of the antenna substrate (4) corresponding to the metallized slot.
3. 3. The broadband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on the dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 2, wherein two metal patches (5) are arranged at the joint surface of each dielectric block (6) and the antenna substrate (4), and two ends of each group of metallization grooves (3) extend to the outer sides of the corresponding metal patches (5).
4. 4. A wideband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on a dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the metal patch (1) is provided with a plurality of groups of I-shaped slots one (2).
5. 5. Broadband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on dielectric resonator antennas according to claim 4, characterized in that a metallic ground (7) is arranged between the antenna substrate (4) and the feed substrate (10).
6. 6. The wideband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on dielectric resonator antenna of claim 5, wherein the metal ground (7) is provided with a plurality of groups of I-shaped slots two (9) and cross-shaped slots (8).
7. 7. The wideband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on dielectric resonator antenna of claim 6, wherein said I-shaped slot two (9) is spaced apart from a cross-shaped slot.
8. 8. The wideband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on dielectric resonator antenna of claim 7, characterized in that the lower surface of the feed substrate (10) is provided with a plurality of sets of microstrip line structures for antenna feeding.

Description

Broadband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on dielectric resonance antenna Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of millimeter wave communication and antennas, in particular to a broadband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on a dielectric resonance antenna. Background With the rapid development of the fifth generation and subsequent millimeter wave wireless communication systems, terminal devices and miniaturized wireless systems put higher demands on millimeter wave antennas. On one hand, millimeter wave communication requires an antenna with high gain to overcome serious free space propagation loss, and on the other hand, in order to adapt to complex propagation environment and user posture change, the antenna also needs to have wide-angle beam scanning capability to realize stable and reliable link coverage. Meanwhile, due to the internal space of the terminal, the millimeter wave antenna system is generally required to meet engineering requirements of low profile, miniaturization, easy integration and the like. Millimeter wave phased array antennas are widely recognized in the prior art as an effective solution to achieve high gain and beam scanning. Common millimeter wave array antenna forms include microstrip patch arrays, slot arrays, metal waveguide arrays, dielectric resonant antenna arrays, and the like. The array antenna based on the dielectric resonance unit has the advantages of low loss, high radiation efficiency, strong frequency adjustability and the like, is more and more concerned in millimeter wave frequency bands, and is particularly suitable for high-frequency broadband application scenes. Although the conventional millimeter wave end-fire array antenna has made a certain progress in improving the array gain and realizing directional radiation, many defects still exist in practical application, and the comprehensive requirements of broadband, low profile, large-angle scanning and good pattern stability are difficult to meet at the same time. First, many millimeter wave end-fire arrays currently exist that typically rely on longer array lengths or multi-layer stacked structures for higher gain, which increases the longitudinal dimension and overall profile height of the antenna to some extent, which is detrimental to compact integration in terminal devices. In addition, the partial end-shot array structure depends on a complex three-dimensional metal or waveguide structure, so that the realization difficulty is high, and the processing cost and the assembly complexity are high. Second, under compact array conditions, the problem of electromagnetic coupling between array elements is prominent. In the prior art, the coupling between array units is often relieved by simply increasing the unit spacing or introducing an additional isolation structure, but the method either leads to the increase of the array size or introduces additional structural complexity, so that the miniaturization and the low coupling performance are difficult to be combined. Under wideband operating conditions, the inter-cell coupling also tends to fluctuate significantly with frequency changes, further affecting the impedance matching and scan performance of the array. Furthermore, the existing partial millimeter wave end-fire arrays cannot effectively inhibit the influence of surface waves on the floor in the radiation structure design. When the direct contact area of the medium radiation unit and the floor structure is large, the surface wave is easy to excite and propagate along the floor, so that the radiation mode in the end-shooting direction is interfered, the energy of the directional diagram in the end-shooting direction is insufficient, the radiation on two sides is widened, and the directivity and the effective gain of the end-shooting array are reduced. In addition, some existing designs often rely on a single means to improve the array coupling or pattern performance, and lack of coordinated regulation and control over the metal structure, electromagnetic coupling paths, and dielectric resonance modes, resulting in insufficient pattern stability of the array at different operating frequencies or scan states, and difficulty in maintaining consistent radiation characteristics over a wide frequency band. In summary, how to effectively reduce the coupling between millimeter wave end-fire array units and inhibit the influence of the surface acoustic wave on the radiation pattern, and realize stable end-fire radiation and wide-angle beam scanning in a wide frequency band on the premise of compact structure and low profile is still a problem to be solved in the prior art. Disclosure of Invention The broadband millimeter wave end-fire array antenna based on the dielectric resonance antenna provided by the invention realizes broadband, low-coupling and stable array radiation performance of an end-fire direction diagram on the premise of keeping compact structure and lo