CN-122026092-A - Four-port antenna system based on decoupling structure multiplexing

Abstract

The invention discloses a four-port antenna system based on mutual decoupling structure multiplexing, which is characterized in that on the premise of realizing excellent circular polarization mutual decoupling performance of a dielectric resonator antenna, a part of mutual decoupling structure of a1 multiplied by 2 circular polarization antenna array is multiplexed to serve as an additional monopole antenna, and the additional monopole antenna is effectively excited by introducing a feed network, so that 2 pairs of additional monopole antennas are obtained, the monopole antennas and the original circular polarization antennas can work independently, and all antennas have good isolation characteristics. Based on the above, the invention realizes a novel four-port antenna system on the premise of keeping the caliber of the original 1 multiplied by 2 circular polarized antenna array unchanged, and the design has better system capacity or more communication functions compared with the existing circular polarized decoupling antenna design.

Inventors

• Yang Menmen
• LI XINYU
• CHEN JIANXIN

Assignees

• 南通大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260312

Claims (9)

1. 1. The four-port antenna system based on the decoupling structure multiplexing is characterized by comprising two rectangular dielectric blocks (1) which are arranged above a metal grounding plate (5) in a 1 multiplied by 2 mode, wherein a dielectric substrate (8) and a feed port structure are sequentially laminated below the metal grounding plate (5); The side edge of the rectangular dielectric block (1) perpendicular to the metal grounding plate (5) is provided with a metal strip (2) serving as a circular polarization dielectric resonator antenna decoupling structure, wherein a group of diagonal metal strips (2) are multiplexed into a monopole antenna radiator; the metal grounding plate (5) is provided with coupling gaps which are respectively opposite to the rectangular dielectric blocks (1); The feed port structure includes a feed port of a1 x2 circularly polarized dielectric resonator and a feed port of the monopole antenna.
2. 2. The four-port antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that the four sides of the rectangular dielectric block (1) are provided with metal strips (2), respectively, wherein a set of diagonal metal strips (2) are separated by gaps into an upper metal strip (3) that is not multiplexed and a lower metal strip (4) that is multiplexed into a monopole antenna radiator, respectively.
3. 3. The four-port antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling slots are cross slots (7) and the cross axes are respectively opposite to the diagonal of the rectangular dielectric block (1) for realizing circular polarization excitation of the dielectric resonator antenna.
4. 4. A four-port antenna system according to claim 3, characterized in that the feed port of the 1 x 2 circularly polarized dielectric resonator comprises two cross-shaped microstrip feed lines (13).
5. 5. The four-port antenna system according to claim 3, wherein the feed port of the monopole antenna comprises 1/2 wilkinson power dividers (12) with equal phases, through holes opposite to the monopole antenna radiators are arranged on the dielectric substrate (8) and the metal grounding plate (5), and the two ports of the wilkinson power dividers (12) are respectively connected with the two monopole antenna radiators on the opposite angles of the rectangular dielectric block (1) through round metal posts (9) penetrating through the through holes.
6. 6. Four-port antenna system according to claim 5, characterized in that one end of the cross-shaped microstrip feed line (13) is located at the upper side of the dielectric substrate (8) and the other end extends beyond the centre point of the cross-shaped slot (7).
7. 7. The four-port antenna system according to claim 6, characterized in that the single port of the wilkinson divider (12) is located at the lower side of the dielectric substrate (8).
8. 8. The four-port antenna system according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein both pairs of circularly polarized antennas and both pairs of monopole antennas of the four-port antenna system operate in the S-band.
9. 9. Four-port antenna system according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that the metal strips (2) achieve decoupling by changing the polarization of the coupling electric field between the dielectric resonator elements.

Description

Four-port antenna system based on decoupling structure multiplexing Technical Field The present invention relates to a microwave communication device, and more particularly, to a circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna. Background Compared with a linear polarization antenna, the circular polarization antenna has the advantages of restraining multipath reflection interference, reducing polarization mismatch, overcoming Faraday rotation effect and the like, and is widely applied to satellite communication and global positioning systems. The MIMO antenna technology can effectively improve the channel capacity and transmission rate of the communication system, but as the antenna system is developed toward miniaturization and integration, the MIMO multi-antenna system needs to be implemented in a more compact form, and the dense arrangement between circularly polarized antennas inevitably brings about a serious mutual coupling problem. Therefore, the decoupling technology of the circular polarized antenna has become a hot research problem in the antenna field recently. The existing decoupling technology of the circularly polarized antenna can be roughly divided into three modes, namely a first mode, such as an EBG (electronic band gap) technology and a DGS (differential global positioning system) technology, wherein decoupling is realized by directly blocking electromagnetic wave propagation, a second mode, such as a decoupling network or an automatic decoupling structure, by constructing a current path opposite to a coupling field, and realizing mutual cancellation of current of the original coupling field so as to realize decoupling among units, such as introduction of parasitic units or addition of a neutralization line, and a third mode, such as realizing an antenna with a decoupling function by self structural design. In the existing multiport antenna technology, in order to suppress the mutual coupling effect between ports, a common research method mostly relies on introducing an independent decoupling structure. Such methods include adding physical isolation walls between antenna elements, loading passive parasitic elements or metal decoupling posts, etching specially shaped decoupling slots on the ground plane, and the like. The design thought has unified limitation that the independent decoupling structures only bear the decoupling function and do not participate in the radiation process, the aperture utilization rate of the antenna is not improved, and the number of radiation ports cannot be increased under the same aperture area, so that the expansion of the system capacity and the realization of the multifunctional communication capability are limited. Therefore, how to realize the integration and fusion of the decoupling structure and the radiation function in a limited space, and improve the multiplexing rate and caliber efficiency of the structure, has become a key technical challenge to be broken through in the current multi-port antenna design field. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides a four-port antenna system based on the multiplexing of a decoupling structure. The four-port antenna system based on decoupling structure multiplexing comprises two rectangular dielectric blocks which are arranged above a metal grounding plate in a1 multiplied by 2 mode, wherein a dielectric substrate and a feed port structure are sequentially laminated below the metal grounding plate; The side edge of the rectangular dielectric block vertical to the metal grounding plate is provided with a metal strip serving as a circular polarization dielectric resonator antenna decoupling structure, wherein a group of diagonal metal strips are multiplexed into a monopole antenna radiator; The metal grounding plate is provided with coupling gaps which are respectively opposite to the rectangular dielectric blocks; The feed port structure includes a feed port of a1 x2 circularly polarized dielectric resonator and a feed port of the monopole antenna. Further, the four sides of the rectangular dielectric block are respectively provided with metal strips, wherein a group of diagonal metal strips are respectively separated into an upper metal strip which is not multiplexed and a lower metal strip which is multiplexed into a monopole antenna radiator through gaps. Furthermore, the coupling gap is a cross gap, and the cross shafts are opposite to the diagonal lines of the rectangular dielectric block respectively and are used for realizing circular polarization excitation of the dielectric resonator antenna. Further, the feed port of the 1×2 circularly polarized dielectric resonator includes two cross microstrip feed lines. Furthermore, the feed port of the monopole antenna comprises 1/2 Wilkinson power dividers with equal phases, through holes which are opposite to the monopole antenna radiators are formed in the dielectric substrate and the metal grounding plate, and the two ports of th