CN-122026096-A - SIW transmission array antenna integrating multiple phase modulation modes

CN122026096ACN 122026096 ACN122026096 ACN 122026096ACN-122026096-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a SIW transmission array antenna integrating multiple phase modulation modes, and belongs to the technical field of transmission array antennas. The antenna is formed by an array of antenna units according to a period, and a feed horn is arranged at the bottom of the array of antenna units. The antenna unit comprises two layers of linearly polarized super surfaces arranged up and down and three layers of SIW phase delay lines in the middle. The multiple phase modulation modes refer to the transmission characteristics of the SIW, and the length or width of the SIW structure is changed by changing the positions of the metal through holes corresponding to the SIW delay lines, or the length and width of the SIW structure are changed at the same time, so that the SIW transmission phase is changed, and finally the transmission phase of the transmission array unit is changed. Simulation proves that the SIW transmission array antenna provided by the invention can realize high gain and wide bandwidth.

Inventors

WANG YAN
Zhan Liangjun
CAO YUE
HUANG MENGXUE
Geng Muzheng

Assignees

南通大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260331

Claims (8)

1. A SIW transmission array antenna integrating multiple phase modulation modes is characterized by comprising an antenna unit (1), wherein the antenna unit (1) comprises a first metal layer (3), a first dielectric substrate (4), a second metal layer (6), a second dielectric substrate (8), a third metal layer (10), a third dielectric substrate (12), a fourth metal layer (14), a fourth dielectric substrate (16), a fifth metal layer (18), a fifth dielectric substrate (19) and a sixth metal layer (20) which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; wherein, the first metal layer (3) and the sixth metal layer (20) are both composed of a linear polarization metal super-surface patch array; A first rectangular gap (5) is formed at the vertical central line of the second metal stratum (6), a second rectangular gap (9) is formed on the left side of the third metal stratum (10), a third rectangular gap (13) is formed on the right side of the fourth metal stratum (14), a fourth rectangular gap (17) is formed at the vertical central line of the fifth metal stratum (18), and all the rectangular gaps are parallel to each other; the second layer of medium substrate (8), the third layer of medium substrate (12) and the fourth layer of medium substrate (16) are respectively embedded with the SIW delay line I (7), the SIW delay line II (11) and the SIW delay line III (15), and the transmission phase is changed by adjusting the position of the SIW delay line, so that the transmission phase of the antenna unit (1) is changed.
2. The SIW transmission array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna unit (1) comprises a SIW structure, wherein the SIW structure is formed by a circle of metal through holes penetrating through the periphery of the second layer of dielectric substrate (8), the third layer of dielectric substrate (12) and the fourth layer of dielectric substrate (16) at the same time, the first rectangular slot (5), the second rectangular slot (9), the third rectangular slot (13) and the fourth rectangular slot (17) are all positioned on the inner side of the SIW structure, two rows of SIW through holes at two ends of the first rectangular slot (5) in the second layer of dielectric substrate (8) serve as the first SIW delay line (7) embedded in the layer of dielectric substrate, one row of SIW through holes adjacent to the second rectangular slot (9) and one row of SIW through holes adjacent to the third rectangular slot (13) in the third layer of dielectric substrate (12) serve as the second SIW delay line (11) embedded in the layer of dielectric substrate, and two rows of SIW through holes at two ends of the fourth rectangular slot (17) in the fourth layer of dielectric substrate (16) serve as the second SIW delay line (15) embedded in the layer of dielectric substrate.
3. The SIW transmission array antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a feed horn (2) located at the bottom of the array, wherein the feed horn (2) outputs electromagnetic waves, which are incident on a sixth metal layer (20), and are transmitted to a SIW delay line three (15) embedded in a fourth metal layer (16) through a fifth metal layer (19) and a rectangular slot four (17) in a fifth metal layer (18); electromagnetic waves enter a fourth metal stratum (14) after being transmitted by a SIW delay line III (15), and enter a SIW delay line II (11) embedded in a third-layer medium substrate (12) through a rectangular gap III (13); Electromagnetic waves enter a third-layer metal stratum (10) after being transmitted by a second SIW delay line (11), and enter a first SIW delay line (7) embedded in a second-layer medium substrate (8) through a second rectangular gap (9); Electromagnetic waves enter a second metal stratum (6) after being transmitted by a SIW delay line I (7), and enter a first dielectric substrate (4) through a rectangular gap I (5); And after the first dielectric substrate (4) receives the electromagnetic wave, the electromagnetic wave is radiated to the free space through the first metal layer (3).
4. The SIW transmission array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the transmission phase is changed by adjusting the length of the SIW delay line by changing the positions of the left and right columns of metal vias of the SIW delay line in the dielectric substrate. The adjusting of the position of the SIW delay line comprises the steps of changing the width of the SIW by adjusting the positions of the upper side metal through holes and the lower side metal through holes in the SIW structure to realize 360-degree phase shift, or changing the length of the SIW by adjusting the positions of the left side metal through holes and the right side metal through holes in the SIW structure to realize 360-degree phase shift, or simultaneously adjusting the positions of the upper side metal through holes, the lower side metal through holes, the left side metal through holes and the right side metal through holes in the SIW structure to realize 360-degree phase shift.
5. The SIW transmission array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the first (3) and sixth (20) metal layers are each constituted by a2 x 2 array of linear polarized metal super surface patches.
6. The SIW transmission array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that the rectangular slot one (5) and the rectangular slot four (17) are opposite to patch array midlines of the first metal layer (3) and the sixth metal layer (20).
7. The SIW transmission array antenna of claim 2, wherein a center of the SIW structure is offset from a center of each layer of dielectric substrate.
8. The SIW transmission array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that the offset is no more than ±0.1mm to the side of the rectangular slot two (9).

Description

SIW transmission array antenna integrating multiple phase modulation modes Technical Field The invention relates to a communication antenna, in particular to a SIW transmission array antenna. Background In the development process of a new generation of wireless information system, the contradiction between spectrum resources and transmission efficiency is increasingly prominent, and the comprehensive requirements of wide frequency domain, high integration and high stability are put forward for the antenna device. The linear polarization structure has the advantage of natural link adaptation in the millimeter wave frequency band, can reduce polarization mismatch loss in the point-to-point transmission link, and can inhibit performance degradation caused by multipath scattering. The broadband linear polarization antenna of the transmission array architecture can realize wider working bandwidth and better radiation characteristic in the millimeter wave frequency band, and provides a reliable radio frequency front-end solution for high-speed communication and high-precision detection. The antenna has outstanding application potential in millimeter wave vehicle radar, and can effectively meet the severe requirements of vehicle environment on detection distance, positioning accuracy and system integration level, and the performance of the power-assisted intelligent driving perception system is upgraded. Compared with the traditional microstrip antenna and the reflective array antenna, the broadband linear polarization transmission antenna has more competitive power in the aspects of frequency band expansion, conformal design and system-level integration, and is beneficial to simplifying a radio frequency link and reducing the cost of the whole system. By means of the metamaterial structure and the technical energization of the intelligent optimization algorithm, the working bandwidth, efficiency and integration level of the antenna are further improved, and the antenna is expected to be applied in large scale in emerging scenes such as low-altitude broadband communication, millimeter wave security inspection imaging and the like in the future. The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) differential feed super-surface antenna in the prior art realizes high isolation performance of a low frequency band through a three-layer Rogers 4003 dielectric substrate and a super-surface. But the bandwidth achieved is narrow and the gain is low, so there are still some drawbacks. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides a SIW transmission array antenna integrating multiple phase modulation modes, and the transmission phase of a transmission array unit is changed finally by changing the length of a SIW delay line or changing the width of the SIW delay line or simultaneously changing the length and the width of the SIW delay line by changing the positions of partial metal through holes according to the transmission characteristics of the SIW. The technical scheme is that the SIW transmission array antenna integrating multiple phase modulation modes comprises an antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit comprises a first metal layer, a first dielectric substrate, a second metal layer, a second dielectric substrate, a third metal layer, a third dielectric substrate, a fourth metal layer, a fourth dielectric substrate, a fifth metal layer, a fifth dielectric substrate and a sixth metal layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; Wherein, the first metal layer and the sixth metal layer are both composed of a linear polarization metal super-surface patch array; Rectangular gaps I are formed in the vertical central line of the second metal stratum, rectangular gaps II are formed in the left side of the third metal stratum, rectangular gaps III are formed in the right side of the fourth metal stratum, rectangular gaps IV are formed in the vertical central line of the fifth metal stratum, and all the rectangular gaps are parallel to each other; The second layer of dielectric substrate, the third layer of dielectric substrate and the fourth layer of dielectric substrate are respectively embedded with a first SIW delay line, a second SIW delay line and a third SIW delay line, and the transmission phase is changed by adjusting the position of the SIW delay line, so that the transmission phase of the antenna unit is changed. The antenna unit comprises a SIW structure, wherein the SIW structure is formed by a circle of metal through holes penetrating through the periphery of a second layer of dielectric substrate, a third layer of dielectric substrate and a fourth layer of dielectric substrate at the same time, the first rectangular gap, the second rectangular gap, the third rectangular gap and the fourth rectangular gap are all positioned on the inner side of the SIW structure, two rows of SIW through holes at two ends of the first rectangular gap in the second layer of dielectric substrate are used as