CN-122026097-A - Phased array antenna unit

Abstract

The invention discloses a phased array antenna unit, which belongs to the technical field of antenna engineering and comprises a radiation patch, a cross-type coupling patch, a back cavity structure and two power dividers which are sequentially arranged, wherein the radiation patch comprises a plurality of radiation sub-patches, the cross-type coupling patch comprises four coupling sub-patches, the power dividers comprise an input port and two output ports, the two output ports of one power divider are respectively and electrically connected with two opposite coupling sub-patches through feed probes, and the two output ports of the other power divider are respectively and electrically connected with the other two coupling sub-patches through the feed probes. The invention can effectively widen the working bandwidth of the phased array antenna and improve the overall radiation efficiency of the phased array antenna.

Inventors

• WU KESONG
• LIU XU
• ZHANG ZHIQIANG
• CHEN XIAN

Assignees

• 成都迅翼卫通科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260415

Claims (10)

1. 1. The phased array antenna unit is characterized by comprising a radiation patch, a cross-type coupling patch (102), a back cavity structure (103) and two power dividers (104) which are sequentially arranged; the radiating patch comprises a plurality of radiating sub-patches, and the cross-coupling patch (102) comprises four coupling sub-patches; The power divider (104) comprises an input port and two output ports, wherein the two output ports of one power divider (104) are respectively and electrically connected with two opposite coupling sub-patches through the feed probe (101), and the two output ports of the other power divider (104) are respectively and electrically connected with the other two coupling sub-patches through the feed probe (101).
2. 2. Phased array antenna unit according to claim 1, characterised in that the radiating patches are divided into four radiating sub-patches along two diagonals of the antenna unit, the four radiating sub-patches being symmetrically arranged about the two diagonals of the antenna.
3. 3. Phased array antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-coupled patches (102) are divided along two diagonals of the antenna into four coupled sub-patches, which are symmetrically arranged about the two diagonals of the antenna.
4. 4. Phased array antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the back cavity structure (103) comprises a sixth dielectric layer (108) and a metal collar layer (109) arranged outside the sixth dielectric layer (108), the sixth dielectric layer (108) is provided with an inner cavity (110), the outer side of the metal collar layer (109) is provided with a circle of edge metal through holes (111) for the passage of isolating metal conductors, and the feed probe (101) passes through the inner cavity (110) of the back cavity structure (103).
5. 5. Phased array antenna unit according to claim 4, characterized in that two of the power splitters (104) are arranged vertically opposite to the inner cavity (110) of the back cavity structure (103).
6. 6. Phased array antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that two of said power splitters (104) are arranged offset in the vertical direction.
7. 7. Phased array antenna unit according to claim 6, characterized in that the two power splitters (104) are identical in structure and arranged vertically in quadrature.
8. 8. Phased array antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the two output ports of the power divider (104) are connected with the input ports of the power divider (104) by two unequal length feed lines.
9. 9. The phased array antenna unit of claim 8, wherein the two unequal length feeds differ by 1/4 of a dielectric wavelength.
10. 10. Phased array antenna unit according to claim 8, characterized in that an isolation resistor (106) is arranged between two output ports of the power divider (104), the isolation resistor (106) being close to an input port of the power divider (104).

Description

Phased array antenna unit Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of antenna engineering, in particular to a phased array antenna unit. Background With the rapid development of modern communication technologies and radar systems, the strategic value of electromagnetic spectrum resources is increasingly prominent. Among the various frequency bands, the Ku frequency band (12-18 ghz) has become one of the core operating frequency bands of modern wireless systems due to its unique physical characteristics. Compared with the low frequency band, the Ku frequency band has the advantages that the Ku frequency band has wider available bandwidth (typical bandwidth can reach 500 MHz-2 GHz), can support high-speed data transmission requirements, and has the characteristic of shorter wavelength (about 2.5-1.7 cm), so that the Ku frequency band is favorable for realizing more compact antenna array design, and has remarkable advantages for miniaturization of satellite communication load. These characteristics make the Ku band important in the context of satellite communications (e.g., DBS satellite broadcast, VSAT systems), weather radar, aviation navigation, military communications, and 5G/6G millimeter wave relay, especially in high-throughput satellite (HTS) systems, the Ku band has become a key technical support for achieving multi-beam coverage and frequency reuse. As a core component of modern radio frequency systems, phased array antenna technology is undergoing a revolutionary breakthrough. The technology can realize millisecond wave beam directional switching (typical scanning speed reaches 100 mu s magnitude) by precisely controlling the phase difference among array units, and has the advantage of response speed of three magnitude compared with a mechanical scanning antenna. The T/R component integration technology (such as a GaN power amplifier module) based on the semiconductor process not only improves the system reliability (MTBF exceeds 10 ten thousand hours), but also realizes the wide-angle scanning capability of over +/-60 degrees. In terms of architecture innovation, breakthroughs of Digital Beamforming (DBF) and hybrid beamforming technologies enable multi-beam simultaneous beamforming (typically supporting 8-64 independent beams) and adaptive nulling suppression, which have a key role in improving the spectral efficiency and interference rejection capability of satellite communication systems. In practical application, the Ku frequency band phased array antenna mainly has the following characteristics: And the performance of the communication and radar system is improved, namely, the Ku frequency band phased array antenna unit is researched and optimized, and the performance of the satellite communication, radar imaging, meteorological monitoring and other systems can be remarkably improved. Particularly in scenes where fast, accurate beam scanning is desired, phased array antennas can provide higher resolution, interference immunity, and a wider range of operation. The Ku frequency band is taken as one of the key frequency bands along with the development of the communication technology to the higher frequency band, and the Ku frequency band has the potential of supporting high-speed data transmission and high-capacity communication. By researching the efficient design and integration technology of the phased array antenna unit, the development of high-speed broadband communication can be further promoted, and the future 5G and 6G wireless communication requirements even further in future can be met. The progress of military and aerospace application is promoted, the phased array antenna has wide application in the fields of military radar, aerospace, satellite remote sensing and the like, and the accuracy and reliability of the systems can be improved by researching the Ku frequency band phased array antenna unit. Particularly in modern electronic countermeasure and complex combat environments, accurate, flexible beam pointing and fast response capabilities are critical. The technical innovation and the industrial development are promoted, and along with the progress of integrated circuits, microwave technology and phased array control technology, the design and the manufacture of the Ku frequency band phased array antenna unit can promote the innovation of the technologies of wireless communication equipment, miniaturized antennas, intelligent systems and the like, and further the development of related industries is driven. Especially in industries such as mobile equipment, satellite communication, unmanned systems and the like, research in the field is helpful to promote realization of next-generation efficient and intelligent wireless systems. However, the existing Ku phased array antenna has the defects of insufficient relative bandwidth, scanning blind area and poor polarization purity. Disclosure of Invention The present invention is directed to a phased array antenna uni