CN-122026119-A - Frequency-adjustable and beam-reconfigurable spintronic antenna

CN122026119ACN 122026119 ACN122026119 ACN 122026119ACN-122026119-A

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and relates to a spintronic antenna with adjustable frequency and reconfigurable wave beams, which comprises a waveguide layer, a magnetic material layer and waveguide feed ports, wherein the waveguide layer comprises a dielectric plate, a floor and two waveguides, the two waveguides are arranged at intervals and are connected with the floor, the magnetic material layer is arranged on the upper surface of the waveguide layer, two sides of the magnetic material layer are respectively connected with one corresponding end of the two waveguides, the two waveguide feed ports are respectively arranged on two sides of the waveguide layer, the included angle between the two waveguide feed ports and the waveguide layer is not zero, the two waveguide feed ports are respectively connected with the other corresponding end of the two waveguides, an offset static magnetic field is applied to the spintronic antenna, so that the magnetic material layer generates a reverse spin Hall effect, an electric signal is transmitted between the two waveguides or radiated to a space, and the direction and the size of the offset static magnetic field are changed so as to adjust the working frequency and the wave beam deflection angle of the antenna. The application can realize frequency regulation and control and beam reconstruction.

Inventors

LI GAOSHENG
LIU TIAN
LI HAO
ZHAO ZITONG
XIAO PEI

Assignees

湖南大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260402

Claims (10)

1. The spintronic antenna with adjustable frequency and reconfigurable wave beam is characterized by comprising a waveguide layer, a magnetic material layer and a waveguide feed port; The waveguide layer comprises a dielectric plate, a floor board arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric plate and two waveguides arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, wherein the two waveguides are arranged at intervals and are connected with the floor board; The magnetic material layer is arranged on the upper surface of the waveguide layer, and two sides of the magnetic material layer are respectively connected with one corresponding end of the two waveguides; The two waveguide feed ports are respectively arranged at two sides of the waveguide layer, the included angle between the two waveguide feed ports and the waveguide layer is not zero, and the two waveguide feed ports are respectively connected with the other corresponding ends of the two waveguides; The direction and the size of the bias static magnetic field are changed to regulate the working frequency and the beam deflection angle of the antenna, so that the frequency regulation and the beam reconstruction are realized.
2. The spintronic antenna of claim 1, wherein said dielectric plate and said waveguide are rectangular in structure and parallel in length; The two waveguides and the two waveguide feed ports are distributed in a central symmetry mode relative to the center of the upper surface of the dielectric plate.
3. A frequency tunable and beam reconfigurable spintronic antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the length of the waveguide is more than half the length of the dielectric plate.
4. A frequency tunable and beam reconfigurable spintronic antenna according to claim 1-3, characterized in that the waveguide comprises a signal line and a ground line; The signal wires and the grounding wires are of rectangular strip structures, are equal in length and width and are arranged at intervals in parallel.
5. A frequency tunable and beam reconfigurable spintronic antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that the width of the signal line is smaller than the width of the ground line.
6. The spintronic antenna of claim 5, wherein the number of the grounding wires is two, and the grounding wires are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the signal wire at intervals.
7. The spintronic antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of through holes are arranged on the dielectric plate at positions corresponding to the grounding wire and are uniformly distributed at intervals to connect the grounding wire and the floor.
8. A frequency tunable and beam reconfigurable spintronic antenna according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the magnetic material layer is of rectangular structure arranged in the center of the upper surface of the waveguide layer, and the length direction is parallel to the length direction of the waveguide layer.
9. The spintronic antenna of claim 8, wherein the magnetic material layer comprises a substrate and a heterostructure disposed on the substrate; the heterostructure includes a plate of magnetic material and a plate of non-magnetic material.
10. A frequency tunable and beam reconfigurable spintronic antenna according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the waveguide feed ports are arranged vertically on both sides of the waveguide layer and electrically connected to the floor.

Description

Frequency-adjustable and beam-reconfigurable spintronic antenna Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a spintronic antenna with adjustable frequency and reconfigurable wave beams. Background The antenna is used as a core component of a wireless communication system, a radar detection system, an electromagnetic sensing system and the like, and the performance of the antenna directly determines the quality of signal transmission and reception. Conventional antennas are based on the maxwell Wei Dianci theory, which excites and radiates electromagnetic waves by the accelerated movement of charges in a conductor or by time-varying currents. The physical dimensions of such antennas are often associated with operating wavelengths, which tend to be bulky in the low frequency range, and it is difficult to meet the development requirements of miniaturization and integration of modern electronic devices. Although miniaturization of antennas can be achieved to some extent by loading reactive elements, employing special structures (e.g., microstrip antennas, slot antennas), etc., bandwidth, gain, or efficiency are generally sacrificed, and the radiation mechanism is approaching the limits of classical theory at the physical level. In recent years, with the rapid development of nanotechnology and spintronics, a new principle device for information processing and transmission using electron spin properties (rather than just charge properties) has attracted a great deal of attention. The concept of generating electromagnetic waves through electromagnetic coupling can generate a high-frequency alternating self-rotational flow or magnetic moment oscillation based on spin-related transport phenomena in a spin torque oscillator or a magnetic heterojunction, and the concept of generating a spin electron antenna is an emerging research direction. Compared with the traditional antenna, the spintronic antenna has a plurality of potential advantages in theory, namely, firstly, the radiation frequency is mainly determined by the magnetic characteristics (such as saturation magnetization intensity and magnetic anisotropy field) of the material and the driving current, and can realize electromagnetic radiation of microwaves, terahertz and even higher frequency bands on submicron or nanometer scale in principle, so that the size-frequency limit of the traditional antenna is broken through, secondly, the radiation characteristics (such as frequency and polarization state) of the spintronic antenna can be rapidly and flexibly regulated and controlled through an external magnetic field and current, the reconfigurable intelligent antenna function is conveniently realized, thirdly, the spintronic antenna has better compatibility with a standard semiconductor technology, and large-scale and low-cost on-chip integration is easy to realize. In the prior art, the design scheme and research of the spintronic antenna are still in the primary stage, the spintronic antenna based on the inverse spin Hall effect designs the integrated waveguide on the magnetic material, the response speed is in the order of ns to ps, and the spintronic antenna can be widely applied to electronic information systems such as 5G communication, wireless sensor networks and the like. However, the above-mentioned antennas still face a series of key technical challenges, and beam reconstruction cannot be achieved, nor cannot beam reconstruction and frequency reconstruction be achieved simultaneously. Disclosure of Invention Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a spintronic antenna with adjustable frequency and reconfigurable beam, which can realize both the adjustable frequency and the reconfigurable beam, and improve the flexibility of adjustment. A spintronic antenna with adjustable frequency and reconfigurable wave beam comprises a waveguide layer, a magnetic material layer and a waveguide feed port; The waveguide layer comprises a dielectric plate, a floor board arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric plate and two waveguides arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, wherein the two waveguides are arranged at intervals and are connected with the floor board; The magnetic material layer is arranged on the upper surface of the waveguide layer, and two sides of the magnetic material layer are respectively connected with one corresponding end of the two waveguides; The two waveguide feed ports are respectively arranged at two sides of the waveguide layer, the included angle between the two waveguide feed ports and the waveguide layer is not zero, and the two waveguide feed ports are respectively connected with the other corresponding ends of the two waveguides; The direction and the size of the bias static magnetic field are changed to regulate the working frequency and the beam deflection angle of the antenna, so that the frequency regulation and the beam reconstruction are realized. In o