CN-122026120-A - Reconfigurable transmission unit, double-frequency transmission super-surface array antenna thereof and satellite system

CN122026120ACN 122026120 ACN122026120 ACN 122026120ACN-122026120-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a reconfigurable transmission unit, a double-frequency transmission super-surface array antenna and a satellite system thereof, and relates to the technical field of antennas, wherein the reconfigurable transmission unit comprises a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer is opposite to the first dielectric layer along the Z direction, a transmitting patch is arranged on one side of the second dielectric layer, which is far away from the first dielectric layer, a receiving patch is arranged on one side of the first dielectric layer, which is far away from the second dielectric layer, the receiving patch is divided into an inner patch and an outer patch which are concentrically arranged through an annular groove, the inner patch is connected with the transmitting patch, and two diodes are bridged between the inner patch and the outer patch; the reconfigurable transmission unit can be switched between two working states by controlling the on and off of the two diodes, and the two working states have a phase difference of 180 degrees plus or minus 5 degrees; the technical scheme provided by the invention can solve the problems of double-frequency coupling and loss and realize efficient independent phase regulation.

Inventors

FENG BOTAO
MO SHU
ZHOU XUHANG
DING XIAO
Shu guoxiang
YANG WEI

Assignees

深圳大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260407

Claims (10)

1. A reconfigurable transmission unit, comprising: A first dielectric layer; The device comprises a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a reconfigurable transmission unit, an annular groove, a first diode, a second dielectric layer, a first diode, a second diode, a receiving patch, an inner patch and an outer patch, wherein the first dielectric layer is arranged opposite to the first dielectric layer along the Z direction, the transmitting patch is arranged on one side, which is away from the first dielectric layer, of the second dielectric layer, the receiving patch is arranged on one side, which is away from the second dielectric layer, of the first dielectric layer, the receiving patch is divided into an inner patch and an outer patch which are concentrically arranged through the annular groove, the inner patch is connected with the transmitting patch, two diodes are bridged between the inner patch and the outer patch, the two diodes are controlled to be conducted and cut off, the reconfigurable transmission unit can be switched between two working states, and a phase difference of 180 degrees +/-5 degrees is arranged between the two working states.
2. The reconfigurable transmission cell of claim 1, wherein two of said diodes include a first diode and a second diode, said first diode and said second diode being disposed spaced apart from said inner patch along an X-direction and connecting said inner patch and said outer patch, respectively; when the first diode is cut off and the second diode is conducted, the reconfigurable transmission unit is in a first working state; When the first diode is on and the second diode is off, the reconfigurable transmission unit is in a second working state, and a phase difference of 180 degrees +/-5 degrees exists between the second working state and the first working state.
3. The reconfigurable transmission cell of claim 2, wherein the inner patch is disposed to extend in an X-direction, the inner patch includes two rectangular patch segments and a circular patch segment connecting the two rectangular patch segments, the two rectangular patch segments are respectively connected to the first diode and the second diode, the outer patch is disposed around the inner patch, and the outer patch is an annular patch.
4. The reconfigurable transmission cell of claim 1, wherein said transmit patch includes two rectangular dipoles and a rectangular parasitic patch, said rectangular dipoles being spaced apart along a Y-direction, said rectangular parasitic patch being disposed on one side of said rectangular dipoles along an X-direction; the long side of the rectangular dipole is used for radiating radio frequency signals of a first frequency band; The short side of the rectangular dipole and the short side of the rectangular parasitic patch are respectively used for radiating radio frequency signals of a second frequency band, and the first frequency band is smaller than the second frequency band.
5. The reconfigurable transmission cell of claim 4, wherein said first frequency band is not less than 16.2GHz and not greater than 18.2GHz; The second frequency band is not less than 21.5GHz and not more than 22.3 GHz.
6. The reconfigurable transmission unit of any of claims 1-5, further comprising a metal post extending through the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, connecting the receive patch and the transmit patch for transmitting a received radio frequency signal to the transmit patch.
7. The reconfigurable transmission cell of any of claims 1-5, further comprising an adhesive layer connecting said first dielectric layer and said second dielectric layer.
8. The reconfigurable transmission cell of claim 7, wherein the outer patch has a metal via, a feed network is disposed between the adhesive layer and the first dielectric layer, the feed network is connected to the metal via, the feed network outputs a dc voltage to the diode through the metal via to control the diode to turn on or off, and a metal layer is disposed between the adhesive layer and the second dielectric layer, and the metal layer is connected to the feed network.
9. A reconfigurable dual-frequency transmissive subsurface array antenna comprising a feed source and an mxn transmissive array comprising a plurality of reconfigurable transmissive elements as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, said mxn transmissive array being disposed on one side of said feed source.
10. A satellite system, comprising: the control panel is integrated with an MxN control array formed by a plurality of control units and an MxN key array formed by a plurality of key units, wherein the control unit is used for generating control signals according to input direct-current voltage signals and outputting the control signals to the control panel; and the reconfigurable dual-band transmissive subsurface array antenna as claimed in claim 9, wherein an mxn transmissive array in the reconfigurable dual-band transmissive subsurface array antenna is connected to the mxn control array to receive the preset bias combination to control the diode state of each reconfigurable transmissive unit.

Description

Reconfigurable transmission unit, double-frequency transmission super-surface array antenna thereof and satellite system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a reconfigurable transmission unit, a double-frequency transmission super-surface array antenna thereof and a satellite system. Background The Ku band and the K band are two frequency bands commonly used in microwave communication and radar technology. The Ku wave band is widely applied to the fields of satellite communication, television live broadcast, weather radar, aviation radar and the like due to the higher frequency and moderate antenna size, is one of the main frequency bands of a satellite system, and is easily affected by rain attenuation in heavy rainfall weather. In contrast, the K wave band has higher frequency and higher resolution, is commonly used for high-resolution imaging radars, vehicle millimeter wave radars and remote sensing detection, and has obvious advantages in short-distance high-precision application although the signal attenuation is more serious. Many practical application scenarios simultaneously provide application requirements for the two frequency bands, and developing a dual-frequency antenna capable of being simultaneously applied to the two frequency bands has become an important research point of related scholars. Aiming at the requirement, the reconfigurable double-frequency transmission super-surface array antenna based on the PIN diode combines the advantages of a transmission array and a double-frequency antenna, and has the characteristics of high gain, wide coverage, double frequency bands and the like. The antenna realizes accurate compensation and dynamic modulation of the phase of the incident electromagnetic wave by integrating the adjustable unit on the super surface, and can adjust the beam direction and shape according to different communication scenes, thereby realizing stable coverage in multiple areas and long distances. Compared with the traditional fixed structure antenna, the reconfigurable double-frequency transmission super-surface array antenna does not depend on a complex feeder network or mechanical adjustment, can realize rapid beam switching and double-frequency cooperative work only through electric control, effectively reduces path shielding and signal interference, and improves the space multiplexing efficiency of a satellite system. However, to achieve the above advantages, the first challenge is to significantly vary the operating characteristics of Ku and K dual bands, that is, how to achieve efficient radiation and independent regulation of the two bands in the same structure. Because the frequency span is large, the response of the unit structure parameters to the two frequency bands is often coupled with each other, and insufficient bandwidth overlapping or unbalanced gain is easily caused. It is therefore necessary to design a transmission unit that has good transmission properties and a sufficient bandwidth. Second, the non-ideal characteristics of the PIN diode at high frequencies (such as parasitic capacitance, inductance, and losses introduced by the bias network) can adversely affect the phase adjustment accuracy and efficiency, making wide angle, low loss beam scanning difficult to achieve. In addition, the double-frequency reconfigurable super surface needs to ensure the compactness of the structure and simultaneously has high-efficiency phase compensation and stable radiation performance in a transmission mode, and higher requirements are provided for unit design, electromagnetic simulation and electric control circuit integration. Therefore, in the cell design, reasonable structure is required to reduce loss and realize accurate phase control. Finally, on the satellite system level, how to realize mutual noninterference and efficient cooperative work between alternating current and direct current signals and maintain stable beam direction control in a complex propagation environment is also a key technical problem of realizing engineering application of the antenna at present. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to provide a reconfigurable transmission unit, a double-frequency transmission super-surface array antenna and a satellite system thereof, and aims to solve the problems of double-frequency coupling and loss and realize efficient independent phase regulation. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a reconfigurable transmission unit comprising: A first dielectric layer; The device comprises a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a reconfigurable transmission unit, an annular groove, a first diode, a second dielectric layer, a first diode, a second diode, a receiving patch, an inner patch and an outer patch, wherein the first dielectric layer is arranged opposite to the first dielectric layer along the Z direction, the transmitting patch is arranged on one side,