CN-122026270-A - Overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with on-off self-locking function

CN122026270ACN 122026270 ACN122026270 ACN 122026270ACN-122026270-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with a switching on/off self-locking function, and belongs to the technical field of power supply circuit protection. The power supply input unit is used as an input source for power supply, the overvoltage protection unit and the overcurrent protection unit protect voltage and current in a power supply circuit, the on-off control unit realizes the on-off function according to the on-off instruction, the circuit self-locking unit realizes the circuit state locking function, and the power supply output unit realizes that the power supply outputs power to a rear-end load. The invention builds a circuit by using common electronic components through innovative design, and realizes an overvoltage and overcurrent double protection circuit with a switching on and switching off self-locking function and complex functions.

Inventors

MA CHAO
JIANG JIANWEI
FAN AIYU

Assignees

青岛海泰新光科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260202

Claims (9)

1. The overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with the switching on and switching off self-locking function comprises a power input unit, an overvoltage protection unit, an overcurrent protection unit, a switching on and switching off control unit, a circuit self-locking unit and a power output unit, and is characterized in that the overvoltage protection unit and the overcurrent protection unit are tightly abutted against the power input unit and positioned at the front end of the protection circuit, can detect voltage and current states at first time after power input, prevent abnormal power from flowing into a rear-end circuit to cause damage to the rear-end circuit, the switching on and switching off control unit is positioned at the middle position of the protection circuit, after the circuit self-locking unit is locked when power input is abnormal, the switching on and switching off functions are realized again and the locking is released by setting a one-key switching on and switching off operation, the circuit self-locking fluctuation caused by abnormal repeated fluctuation of the power input is prevented, the repeated impact is caused to the rear-end circuit, The power input unit is a power input end for supplying power to the circuit and provides power for the later-stage circuit, The overvoltage protection unit is used for receiving the power supply transmitted by the power supply input unit and detecting and analyzing the power supply voltage, and when the power supply voltage exceeds a preset value, the overvoltage protection unit turns off the power supply to protect the power supply circuit, The overcurrent protection unit receives the power supply transmitted by the power supply input unit and detects and analyzes the power supply current, when the current value exceeds a preset value, the overcurrent protection unit turns off the power supply to protect the power supply circuit, The on-off control unit is respectively connected with the overvoltage protection unit, the overcurrent protection unit and the circuit self-locking unit, realizes one-key on-off functions according to the on-off instruction, The circuit self-locking unit is connected with the on-off control unit and the power output unit, receives signals transmitted by the on-off control unit to realize circuit state locking, does not allow self-recovery after the circuit state locking, can recover only by one-key on-off operation of the on-off control unit, The power output unit is connected with the circuit self-locking unit and is a power output interface of the circuit, so that external output power supply is realized.
2. The overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with the on-off self-locking function according to claim 1, wherein the overvoltage protection unit comprises a first voltage regulation module, a second voltage regulation module, a third voltage regulation module, a first N-type control module, a fourth voltage regulation module and a third N-type control module, wherein the first voltage regulation module is connected with the second voltage regulation module and the first N-type control module, the second voltage regulation module is connected with the first voltage regulation module and the first N-type control module, the third voltage regulation module is connected with the first N-type control module, the first N-type control module is connected with the first voltage regulation module, the second voltage regulation module, the third voltage regulation module and the fourth voltage regulation module, and the fourth voltage regulation module is connected with the first N-type control module and the third N-type control module.
3. The overvoltage/overcurrent protection circuit with the on-off self-locking function according to claim 2, wherein the overvoltage protection unit monitors a power supply voltage input by the power supply input unit, and sets a rated voltage value of the protection power supply circuit through parameter adjustment of the first voltage adjustment module and the second voltage adjustment module.
4. The overvoltage and overcurrent double protection circuit with the on-off self-locking function according to claim 1, wherein the overcurrent protection unit comprises a fifth current adjusting module and a second P-type control module, and the fifth current adjusting module is connected with the second P-type control module.
5. The overvoltage and overcurrent double protection circuit with the on-off self-locking function according to claim 4, wherein the overcurrent protection unit monitors the power supply current input by the power supply input unit, and the rated current value of the protection power supply circuit is set through the fifth current adjustment module.
6. The overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with the on-off self-locking function according to claim 1, wherein the on-off control unit comprises a fourth N-type control module, a first charge storage module, a sixth voltage regulation module, a fifth P-type control module, a seventh voltage regulation module, a sixth P-type control module, an eighth voltage regulation module, a tenth voltage regulation module, a second charge storage module and an on-off control module, wherein the fourth N-type control module is connected with the first charge storage module and the sixth voltage regulation module, the first charge storage module is connected with the fourth N-type control module, the sixth voltage regulation module and the on-off control module, the sixth voltage regulation module is connected with the fourth N-type control module, the first charge storage module and the fifth P-type control module, the fifth P-type control module is connected with the sixth voltage regulation module, the seventh voltage regulation module and the sixth P-type control module, the seventh voltage regulating module is connected with the fifth P-type control module, the sixth P-type control module and the switching-on/off control module, the sixth P-type control module is connected with the fifth P-type control module, the seventh voltage regulating module and the eighth voltage regulating module, the eighth voltage regulating module is connected with the sixth P-type control module and the tenth voltage regulating module, the tenth voltage regulating module is connected with the eighth voltage regulating module and the second charge storage module, the second charge storage module is connected with the tenth voltage regulating module and the switching-on/off control module, the switching-on/off control module is connected with the second charge storage module, the seventh voltage regulating module and the first charge storage module, if the power supply is abnormal, the protection circuit enters a self-locking state, the switching-on/off control module can be activated by pressing a key to release the switching-on/off program, the function of restoring the locking state by one key is realized.
7. The over-voltage and over-current protection circuit with the on-off self-locking function according to claim 6, wherein the on-off control unit is a control unit for on-off of a circuit system, the on-off control unit provides a trigger instruction for on-off or on-off, adjusts a parameter of the second charge storage module to set a time for realizing an on-off process, and adjusts a parameter of the first charge storage module to set a time for realizing an off-off process, wherein a storage capacity of the first charge storage module is far greater than a storage capacity of the second charge storage module.
8. The overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with the on-off self-locking function according to claim 1, wherein the circuit self-locking unit comprises a seventh N-type control module, a current unidirectional conduction module and a ninth voltage regulation module, wherein the seventh N-type control module is connected with the current unidirectional conduction module and the ninth voltage regulation module, the current unidirectional conduction module is connected with the seventh N-type control module and the ninth voltage regulation module, and the ninth voltage regulation module is connected with the seventh N-type control module and the current unidirectional conduction module.
9. The overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with the on-off self-locking function according to claim 8, wherein the circuit self-locking unit locks the on-off state in the circuit, the ninth voltage adjusting module adjusts the voltage to control the on-off of the seventh N-type control module, and the current unidirectional conduction module controls the current unidirectional conduction to realize the self-locking function.

Description

Overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with on-off self-locking function Technical Field The invention relates to an overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with a switching on/off self-locking function, and belongs to the technical field of power supply circuit protection. Background In recent years, the requirements of safety and effectiveness of electronic equipment are higher and higher, for example, new energy automobiles, industrial automation, consumer electronic products, active medical appliances and the like are indispensable, the application of power supply circuit technology is related to, especially, the requirements of safety and effectiveness of equipment are higher in the field of medical appliances such as endoscope camera systems and the like which are used for surgical operations and are related to life safety of human bodies, wherein the reliability of a power supply circuit is the basis of the safety and effectiveness of the equipment. Therefore, how to improve the reliability of the power supply circuit of the electronic equipment and strengthen the voltage and current protection level of the power supply circuit is an important research direction of circuit technology. The protection method described in patent No. CN111327018B, namely an overcurrent overvoltage self-locking protection circuit and adapter, uses an operation comparator to monitor voltage and current, the monitoring position is at the power supply output end and the output end of the electrical equipment, the sensitivity of the protection method is low, once overcurrent and overvoltage abnormality occurs, large current flows through the whole front-end circuit until the rear-end circuit is subjected to monitoring feedback and processing, if the protection method is used on a precise circuit, the effective protection effect cannot be achieved, the protection timeliness is poor, and the protection technology cannot be quickly recovered by one key once the power supply abnormality occurs to make protection. Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with one-key on-off recovery locking, which has the advantages of sensitive detection, low design cost, flexible and simple use and capability of preventing the abnormality of overvoltage and overcurrent oscillation. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an overvoltage and overcurrent double protection circuit with a switching on/off self-locking function, which can be widely applied to circuit design, provides a better design scheme aiming at the switching on/off self-locking setting and the overvoltage and overcurrent protection of power supply voltage and current, and has obvious cost advantage compared with other schemes. The technical scheme of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit with the switching on and switching off self-locking function comprises a power input unit, an overvoltage protection unit, an overcurrent protection unit, a switching on and switching off control unit, a circuit self-locking unit, a power output unit, an overvoltage protection unit and an overcurrent protection unit, which are closely attached to the power input unit and are positioned at the front end of the protection circuit, can detect voltage and current states at the first time after power input, prevent abnormal power from flowing into a rear-end circuit to cause damage to the rear-end circuit, the switching on and switching off control unit is positioned in the middle of the protection circuit, after the circuit self-locking unit is locked when power input is abnormal, the switching on and switching off functions are realized again by setting a key switching on and switching off operation and the locking is released, the circuit self-locking fluctuation caused by the abnormal power input fluctuation is prevented, the repeated impact is caused to the rear-end circuit, The power input unit is a power input end for supplying power to the circuit and provides power for the later-stage circuit, The overvoltage protection unit is used for receiving the power supply transmitted by the power supply input unit and detecting and analyzing the power supply voltage, and when the power supply voltage exceeds a preset value, the overvoltage protection unit turns off the power supply to protect the power supply circuit, The overcurrent protection unit receives the power supply transmitted by the power supply input unit and detects and analyzes the power supply current, when the current value exceeds a preset value, the overcurrent protection unit turns off the power supply to protect the power supply circuit, The on-off control unit is respectively connected with the overvoltage protection unit, the overcurrent protection unit and the circuit self-locking unit, realizes one-key on-off functio