Search

CN-122026566-A - Active equalization architecture and method for self-loop multiplexing charging circuit

CN122026566ACN 122026566 ACN122026566 ACN 122026566ACN-122026566-A

Abstract

The active equalization architecture of the self-loop multiplexing charging circuit comprises an isolation type charging circuit, a self-loop power loop and an external charging loop, wherein the isolation type charging circuit is applied to a rechargeable battery system formed by connecting at least two energy storage units in series, the input end of the isolation type charging circuit is electrically connected with the self-loop power loop and the external charging loop, and is used for selecting one to be conducted when in use, the other end of the external charging loop is used for being connected with an external charging power supply and providing a conventional charging path for the rechargeable battery system, and the other end of the self-loop power loop is electrically connected with the total output end of the rechargeable battery system or the output end of a battery pack formed by at least two energy storage units in the rechargeable battery system, so that a closed energy self-loop structure is formed. The invention can break the hardware barrier of the charging and balancing functions, realize the dual-function multiplexing of a single set of circuits, and realize the active balancing of the battery system in all scenes and all time periods without additionally adding independent balancing hardware.

Inventors

  • NING KAIQUAN

Assignees

  • 宁开泉

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260320

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The active equalization architecture of the self-loop multiplexing charging circuit is characterized by comprising an isolation type charging circuit, a self-loop power loop and an external charging loop, wherein the isolation type charging circuit is applied to a rechargeable battery system formed by connecting at least two energy storage units in series, the input end of the isolation type charging circuit is electrically connected with the self-loop power loop and the external charging loop and is used for being selectively conducted when in use, the other end of the external charging loop is used for being connected with an external charging power supply and is used for providing a conventional charging path for the rechargeable battery system, the other end of the self-loop power loop is electrically connected with the total output end of the rechargeable battery system or the output end of a battery pack consisting of at least two energy storage units in the rechargeable battery system, the output end of the isolation type charging circuit is electrically connected with the charging input end of each energy storage unit in the rechargeable battery system, and the isolation type charging circuit is used for multiplexing the active equalization circuit in the rechargeable battery system to supplement electricity for a target energy storage unit when the self-loop power loop is conducted.
  2. 2. The active equalization architecture of a self-loop multiplexing charging circuit of claim 1, further comprising a loop switching element connected in series between the external charging loop and the isolated charging circuit to form a mutually exclusive relationship between the external charging loop and the self-loop power loop for achieving selective conduction of the two loops.
  3. 3. The active equalization architecture of a self-loop multiplexing charging circuit of claim 2, wherein the control signal of the loop switching means is implemented by an isolated transmission mode, and the isolated transmission mode is any one selected from the group consisting of optical isolation, magnetic isolation, capacitive isolation, and wireless transmission.
  4. 4. The active equalization architecture of a self-loop multiplexing charging circuit of claim 1, wherein said self-loop power loop is a dedicated power transfer loop for enabling energy recirculation and system deployment within a rechargeable battery system.
  5. 5. The active equalization architecture of a self-loop multiplexing charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the energy storage unit is a minimum energy storage entity capable of being charged independently, the energy storage unit is selected from any one of a lead-acid battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a lithium battery and a sodium ion battery, and the battery pack is formed by connecting at least two energy storage units in series.
  6. 6. The active equalization architecture of a self-loop multiplexing charging circuit as defined in claim 1, wherein the isolated charging circuit is a charging circuit with an electrical isolation function, and an input side and an output side of the isolated charging circuit float independently with reference to ground, so as to avoid a ground potential difference short circuit problem between series energy storage units.
  7. 7. The active equalization architecture of a self-loop multiplexing charging circuit of claim 1, wherein said target energy storage unit is any one or more of a single cell, a battery module, and a battery pack in a rechargeable battery system.
  8. 8. An active equalization architecture method of a self-loop multiplexing charging circuit is characterized in that the method uses the active equalization architecture of the self-loop multiplexing charging circuit as set forth in any one of claims 1-7, and comprises the following steps: (1) Monitoring the working condition of the rechargeable battery system and the state parameters of each energy storage unit in real time; (2) If the external charging condition is determined, the self-loop power loop is disconnected, the external charging loop is conducted, and the conventional charging operation is executed for the rechargeable battery system through the isolated charging circuit; (3) When the energy storage unit is monitored to meet the balance triggering condition, the self-loop power loop is conducted, the external charging loop is disconnected, the isolated charging circuit is multiplexed, and the energy self-loop structure is closed to supplement electricity for the target energy storage unit, so that active balance is executed; (4) Under the discharging working condition, the self-loop power loop and the discharging loop of the rechargeable battery system work in parallel, and the active equalization operation can be executed simultaneously with the discharging process according to the requirement.
  9. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the equalization trigger condition is determined based on one or more of a voltage difference between energy storage units, a state of charge, a SOC difference, a residual capacity difference, an internal resistance difference, a temperature difference, a timing automatic trigger command, and a manual trigger command.
  10. 10. The method for actively equalizing a self-loop multiplexing charging circuit according to claim 8, wherein the self-loop power loop is not limited by a single equalization trigger condition when in a non-charging condition, and the energy storage unit active equalization function is synchronously executed as long as the self-loop power loop is in a conducting state.

Description

Active equalization architecture and method for self-loop multiplexing charging circuit Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of battery equalizing charge, in particular to an active equalizing architecture of a self-loop multiplexing charging circuit, and in particular relates to an active equalizing method of the self-loop multiplexing charging circuit. Background The series topology is a core architecture for improving the voltage level of a rechargeable battery system and matching the power supply requirement of electric equipment, and is also a mainstream application form in the current vehicle-mounted, energy-storage and industrial power supply fields. The method is influenced by factors such as production process tolerance, use environment temperature difference, charge and discharge working condition difference, non-uniform cyclic aging rate and the like of the energy storage units, the problem of non-uniform parameters such as single voltage, charge state, capacity, internal resistance and the like easily occurs after the serial battery packs are recycled for a long time, and common industry common pain points such as the large-scale energy storage system formed by connecting multiple groups of batteries in series are also caused by the pressure difference and the excessive capacity difference among the battery packs. The imbalance problem can directly lead to the great attenuation of the whole available capacity of the battery system and the remarkable shortening of the cycle service life, and can also cause safety accidents such as overcharging, overdischarging, overheating bulge of the monomer, even triggering of thermal runaway and the like when serious. Therefore, battery balancing management has become an integral key element in rechargeable battery systems. The existing battery equalization technology is mainly divided into two major categories, namely passive equalization and active equalization, and core short plates which are difficult to break through exist: 1. The traditional passive equalization scheme relies on a resistor to discharge energy consumption of full-power single bodies, is essentially peak clipping type energy dissipation, has extremely high energy loss and low equalization efficiency, can only work at the end stage of charging, cannot solve the problem of unbalanced battery cells in the standing and discharging processes, cannot realize cross-cell transfer of energy, and cannot fundamentally solve the capacity attenuation pain point of the series battery pack; 2. The main stream active equalization scheme realizes the cross-unit transfer of energy, but all follows the design thought of 'mutually independent of a charging circuit and an equalization circuit', special equalization hardware, including a special equalization chip and a matched circuit, an independent inductance/capacitance energy storage module, a multi-stage energy conversion circuit, a bidirectional DC-DC module and the like, is additionally arranged, so that the system hardware redundancy, the bill of materials complexity and the product volume are greatly improved, the overall energy efficiency of the system is further reduced due to the newly added multi-stage energy conversion link, and the later maintenance cost and the fault risk are synchronously increased. In addition, the prior art focuses on the detail improvements such as topology optimization, device collocation, parameter debugging and the like of an equalization circuit, is always not separated from the inherent design framework of independent equalization hardware, equalization hardware is strongly bound with an energy storage unit, when the serial number, capacity and type of the energy storage unit change, the topology of the equalization circuit must be redesigned, hardware parameters are adjusted, the expandability and general adaptability of the system are extremely poor, meanwhile, the prior art scheme can only adapt to equalization of adjacent cells in a single battery group, the ground potential difference problem of different energy storage units in a serial battery system cannot be solved, inter-group cross-unit energy allocation of a multi-battery system is difficult to realize, and the application scene and the equalization range have obvious limitations. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art, provides an active equalization architecture of a self-loop multiplexing charging circuit, breaks through the hardware barrier of charging and equalization functions through the combined design of an isolated charging circuit and a self-loop power loop, realizes the dual-function multiplexing of a single set of circuit, can realize the active equalization of a battery system in a full scene and in a full period without additionally adding independent equalization hardware, simultaneously realizes the decoupling design of an energy storage unit and a core circuit thr