CN-122026582-A - System and method for characterizing a battery of a battery power system and battery power system

Abstract

The invention provides a system and a method for characterizing a battery of a battery power system and the battery power system. The system for characterizing a battery of a battery power system includes a sensor array, a processor, and a memory. The sensor array measures the temperature of the battery, a specific battery voltage and battery current as battery parameters. The processor executes instructions from the memory to provide or create a baseline open circuit voltage versus state of charge (OCV-SOC) characteristic relationship during a series of charge and discharge modes of the battery. After creating or accessing the baseline OCV-SOC characteristic relationship, the processor determines whether the battery is in an open circuit mode during which the battery is not connected to a load. In open circuit mode, the battery parameters are measured via the sensor array. An adjusted OCV-SOC characteristic relationship is created by adjusting the SOC amount of the baseline OCV-SOC characteristic relationship using the battery parameters. The battery is controlled using the adjusted OCV-SOC characteristic relationship.

Inventors

• A hero near the vine

Assignees

• 半导体元件工业有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20250414

Priority Date

20250306

Claims (20)

1. 1. A system for characterizing a battery of a battery power system, the system comprising: A sensor array configured to measure a temperature-specific battery voltage and a battery current of the battery as battery parameters; Processor, and A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions executable by the processor to cause the processor to: Providing a relationship of a baseline open circuit voltage to a state of charge; determining whether the battery is in an open circuit mode during which the battery is not connected to a load; measuring the battery parameter via the sensor array when the battery is in the open circuit mode; Generating an adjusted open circuit voltage versus state of charge by adjusting a state of charge amount of the baseline open circuit voltage versus state of charge using the battery parameter, and The adjusted open circuit voltage versus state of charge relationship is used to control operation of the battery.
2. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions are executable by the processor to cause the processor to provide the baseline open circuit voltage versus state of charge by: charging the battery starting from a first, relatively low state of charge; measuring the battery parameter using the sensor array when the state of charge reaches the first state of charge; Discharging the battery after measuring the battery parameter in the first state of charge; Measuring the battery parameter using the sensor array while discharging the battery from the first state of charge; repeating charging and discharging of the battery and measuring the battery parameter using the sensor array for a plurality of progressively increasing states of charge relative to the first state of charge, and The baseline open circuit voltage versus state of charge for the battery is created using battery parameters for each respective state of charge.
3. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the instructions are executable by the processor to cause the processor to: Determining an internal resistance of the battery using the battery parameter for each of the first state of charge and the progressively increasing state of charge, and A control action is performed based on the internal resistance of the battery.
4. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the instructions are executable by the processor to cause the processor to: Determining a numerical state of health of the battery using the internal resistance of the battery, and And executing the control action when the numerical state of health of the battery is less than a threshold state of health.
5. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the control action comprises transmitting a health status notification or message to an external device.
6. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions are executable by the processor to cause the processor to monitor the state of charge using a state of charge monitoring unit when charging the battery.
7. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the state of charge monitoring unit is configured to perform a coulomb counting process.
8. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the battery is a lithium battery.
9. 9. A method for characterizing a battery of a battery power system, the method comprising: Providing a relationship of a baseline open circuit voltage to a state of charge; determining whether the battery is in an open circuit mode during which the battery is not connected to a load; Measuring a battery parameter via a sensor array when the battery is in the open circuit mode; Generating an adjusted open circuit voltage versus state of charge by adjusting a state of charge amount of the baseline open circuit voltage versus state of charge using the battery parameter, and The adjusted open circuit voltage versus state of charge relationship is used to control operation of the battery.
10. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein providing the baseline open circuit voltage versus state of charge comprises creating the baseline open circuit voltage versus state of charge by: charging the battery starting from a first, relatively low state of charge; measuring the battery parameter using the sensor array when the state of charge reaches the first state of charge; Discharging the battery after measuring the battery parameter in the first state of charge; Measuring the battery parameter using the sensor array while discharging the battery from the first state of charge; repeating charging and discharging of the battery and measuring the battery parameter using the sensor array for a plurality of progressively increasing states of charge relative to the first state of charge, and The baseline open circuit voltage versus state of charge for the battery is created using battery parameters for each respective state of charge.
11. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first state of charge is 0%, and wherein each successive state of charge of the progressively increasing states of charge can be selected as a predetermined percentage step.
12. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the method further comprises: Determining an internal resistance of the battery using the battery parameter; Determining a numerical state of health of the battery using the internal resistance of the battery, and And executing the control action when the numerical state of health of the battery is less than a threshold state of health.
13. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein performing the control action comprises transmitting a health status notification or message to an external device.
14. 14. The method of claim 9, wherein the method further comprises: A state of charge monitoring unit is used to monitor the state of charge in real time as the battery is charged, including performing a coulomb counting process via the state of charge monitoring unit.
15. 15. A battery power system, the battery power system comprising: A lithium battery connectable to a load; A sensor array configured to measure a battery parameter of the battery, the sensor array including a voltage sensor operable to measure a battery voltage, a current sensor operable to measure a battery current, and a temperature sensor operable to measure a battery temperature, and An electronic monitoring unit in communication with the lithium battery and the sensor array, the electronic monitoring unit configured to: providing a characteristic relationship of a baseline open circuit voltage and a state of charge; determining whether the lithium battery is in an open circuit mode during which the lithium battery is not connected to the load; Measuring the battery parameter via the sensor array when the lithium battery is in the open circuit mode; Generating an adjusted characteristic relationship of open circuit voltage and state of charge by adjusting a state of charge amount of the characteristic relationship of baseline open circuit voltage and state of charge using the battery parameter, and The operation of the lithium battery is controlled using the characteristic relationship of the adjusted open circuit voltage to state of charge.
16. 16. The battery power system of claim 15, wherein the electronic monitoring unit is configured to: Determining an internal resistance of the battery for each of a plurality of states of charge of the battery using the battery parameters, and A control action is performed based on the internal resistance of the battery.
17. 17. The battery power system of claim 16, wherein the electronic monitoring unit is configured to: Determining a numerical state of health of the battery using the internal resistance of the battery, and And executing the control action when the numerical state of health of the battery is less than a threshold state of health.
18. 18. The battery power system of claim 17, wherein the control action comprises transmitting a state of health notification to an external device indicating the numerical state of health.
19. 19. The battery power system of claim 17, wherein the electronic monitoring unit is configured to monitor the state of charge using a state of charge monitoring unit when charging the lithium battery.
20. 20. The battery power system of claim 19, wherein the state of charge monitoring unit is configured to monitor the state of charge by performing a coulomb counting process.

Description

System and method for characterizing a battery of a battery power system and battery power system Cross Reference to Related Applications The present application claims the benefit of priority from U.S. provisional application No. 63/717,491, filed 11/7 at 2024, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. Technical Field The present disclosure relates to circuit topologies and control methods for monitoring parameters of an electrochemical cell for optimal control thereof, and in particular to systems and methods for characterizing a battery of a battery power system, and a battery power system. Background Electric vehicles, backup power sources, power stations, and other mobile and stationary battery power systems utilize rechargeable batteries as energy storage devices. In particular, the rechargeable nature and high energy storage capacity of lithium-based batteries have led to their widespread adoption in many different industries. For example, lithium batteries are used to power electric motors in mobile and stationary battery power systems, as well as to energize actuators, sensors, displays and control circuits of hosts for medical devices, industrial systems and consumer products. Several types of lithium batteries are commercially available and widely used. A given application group may use, for example, lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO), lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC), lithium iron phosphate (LFP), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA), lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO), or other lithium ion or lithium-based batteries. Each lithium battery type has unique performance characteristics that provide relative advantages and disadvantages over competing battery types. Thus, a given battery chemistry may be more or less suitable for a particular application than other battery chemistries. Thus, accurate knowledge of the performance characteristics of the battery type is required to properly select, monitor and ultimately control the batteries used in the battery circuit. However, once the battery is integrated into a battery power system or other application group, the battery may be difficult to access and remove for battery characterization purposes. Disclosure of Invention Disclosed herein are battery monitoring systems and automated methods for monitoring electrochemical cells used in battery power systems. The strategies set forth herein autonomously characterize the battery when the battery is in use, i.e., installed in a battery power system. In a possible implementation, a battery characteristic curve (profile) of the installed battery is created in real time without removing the battery and without waiting for an extended relaxation/settling time to elapse before determining the open circuit voltage (open circuit voltage, OCV) of the battery. Instead, autonomous characterization is achieved via programming of the electronic battery monitoring unit (battery monitoring unit, BMU) that updates the state of charge (the state of charge, SOC) of the battery with reference to a self-created OCV-SOC characteristic relationship (e.g., table, curve, etc.). In particular, one aspect of the present disclosure includes a system for characterizing a lithium battery of a battery power system. The system includes a sensor array, a processor, and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium ("memory"). The sensor array is configured to measure a temperature of the battery, a specific battery voltage and a battery current as battery parameters. The instructions are executable by the processor from the memory to cause the processor to create a characteristic relationship of a baseline open circuit voltage to state of charge ("OCV-SOC relationship") during a series of charge and discharge modes of the battery. Execution of the instructions further causes the processor to determine whether the battery is in an open circuit mode during which the battery is neither connected to nor charged by the load after creating and recording the baseline OCV-SOC relationship. When the battery is in an open circuit mode, battery parameters are measured via the sensor array. The adjusted OCV-SOC relationship is generated by adjusting the SOC amount of the baseline OCV-SOC relationship using the battery parameters. Execution of the instructions ultimately causes the processor to control operation of the battery using the adjusted OCV-SOC relationship. A method for characterizing a battery of a battery power system is also disclosed. Embodiments of the method include providing or creating a baseline OCV-SOC relationship during a series of charge and discharge modes of the battery, and determining whether the battery is in an open circuit mode after creating the baseline OCV-SOC relationship during which the battery is not connected to a load. The method includes measuring battery parameters via the sensor array when the battery is in an open circuit mode, generating an adjusted OCV-SOC rela