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CN-122026675-A - Positioning and assembling device and method for rotor magnetic steel of permanent magnet motor

CN122026675ACN 122026675 ACN122026675 ACN 122026675ACN-122026675-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a permanent magnet motor rotor magnetic steel positioning assembly device and an assembly method, wherein the device comprises a servo turntable which is arranged at the center of a base, a Morse taper hole is formed in a table top and is used for being matched with the shaft end of a rotor to realize high-precision coaxial positioning, a rotor locking ring is matched with a wedge-shaped pressing block driven by a cylinder to radially press and fix magnetic steel, a linear module drives a clamping jaw to move along a linear screw rod to push the magnetic steel into a rotor groove, a permanent magnet adsorption strip is arranged in the clamping jaw to prevent the magnetic steel from shifting, a laser sensor forms a reference ring in the rotor groove through a reflecting mirror and is used for limiting the circumferential and radial positions of the magnetic steel, a pressure sensor is arranged between the clamping jaw and the linear module to monitor the insertion force of the magnetic steel, and the magnetic steel is rapidly and highly precisely assembled through the combination of optical reference, force control pushing and pneumatic locking.

Inventors

  • HAN FEI
  • PAN YIDI
  • GUO PINGHUI
  • LI XIAOBO

Assignees

  • 精磁(金华)电机有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260205

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a permanent-magnet machine rotor magnet steel positioning assembly device which characterized in that includes: The base (1) is an integral casting foundation, and the upper surface of the base is provided with a mounting structure for mounting the assembly; The servo turntable (2) is arranged on the base (1), and a conical hole is formed in the table top of the servo turntable (2) and is used for being matched with the shaft end of the rotor (4) to realize coaxial positioning; The rotor locking ring (3) is sleeved at the excircle position of the rotor (4) and matched with a wedge-shaped pressing block driven by the air cylinder, and is used for radially locking the rotor (4); the linear module (6) is arranged on the base (1) and is arranged along the radial direction of the rotor, and the linear module (6) is used for driving the linear transmission member (7) to reciprocate; The clamping pliers (9) are arranged at the output end of the linear module (6) and are connected with the linear module (6) through the clamping pliers bracket (10) and are used for clamping the magnetic steel and pushing the magnetic steel into the rotor groove along the movement direction of the linear module (6); And the laser sensor (8) is arranged on the base (1), and the emitted laser forms an annular optical reference on the inner cambered surface of the rotor groove after being reflected and is used for carrying out alignment judgment on the circumferential position and the radial position of the magnetic steel in the magnetic steel pushing process.
  2. 2. The positioning and assembling device for the rotor magnetic steel of the permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the servo turntable (2) is embedded with a high-precision turntable bearing, and the shaft end of the rotor (4) is matched with the taper hole, so that the rotation center of the rotor (4) is coaxial with the rotation center of the servo turntable (2).
  3. 3. The positioning and assembling device for the rotor magnetic steel of the permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the clamping pliers (9) are of inverted V-shaped floating structures, and permanent magnet adsorption strips are arranged on the inner sides of the clamping pliers (9) and used for pre-adsorbing and fixing the magnetic steel before pushing the magnetic steel.
  4. 4. The permanent magnet motor rotor magnetic steel positioning assembly device according to claim 1, wherein the linear module (6) is driven by a servo motor, adopts a synchronous transmission structure and is matched with a guide mechanism for setting, and is used for realizing linear pushing movement of the clamping pliers (9).
  5. 5. The positioning and assembling device for the rotor magnetic steel of the permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor locking ring (3) is of a slotted annular structure, a plurality of wedge-shaped grooves are formed in the outer circumference of the rotor locking ring, wedge-shaped pressing blocks driven by a cylinder are cooperatively arranged in each wedge-shaped groove, and the rotor locking ring (3) is synchronously contracted when the wedge-shaped pressing blocks move inwards in the radial direction, so that the magnetic steel is pressed and attached to the bottom of the rotor groove.
  6. 6. The permanent magnet motor rotor magnetic steel positioning assembly device according to claim 3, wherein quick-change gaskets for changing rotors with different specifications are arranged between the base (1) and the rotor locking ring (3), and the quick-change gaskets are quickly assembled and disassembled through a positioning structure.
  7. 7. A positioning and assembling method for a rotor magnetic steel of a permanent magnet motor, which is used for implementing the positioning and assembling device for the rotor magnetic steel of the permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: step S1, rotor clamping, namely inserting the shaft end of a rotor (4) into a taper hole of a servo turntable (2), and driving a rotor locking ring (3) through a cylinder to pre-press and fix the rotor (4), so that the rotor (4) is kept coaxial and stable in the assembly process; S2, establishing a reference, starting a laser sensor (8), and forming an annular optical reference on the inner cambered surface of the rotor groove after laser is reflected, wherein the annular optical reference is used as a position alignment reference in the magnetic steel pushing process; S3, clamping and pushing magnetic steel, namely clamping the magnetic steel by a clamping clamp (9) which is of an inverted V-shaped floating structure and provided with a permanent magnet adsorption strip, and pushing the magnetic steel into a rotor groove along the radial direction of the rotor by driving the clamping clamp (9) by a linear module (6); s4, pneumatic locking, namely driving the cylinder to drive the wedge-shaped pressing block to radially move inwards, enabling the rotor locking ring (3) to shrink and pressing the magnetic steel to the bottom of the rotor groove so as to finish the fixation of the magnetic steel; and S5, rechecking and compensating, detecting the position of the magnetic steel, and controlling the linear module (6) to execute the position compensation action when the detection result exceeds the preset range.
  8. 8. The method for positioning and assembling the rotor magnet steel of the permanent magnet motor according to claim 7, wherein after assembling the magnet steel in a single rotor slot is completed and step S5 is executed, the actual assembling position parameter of the magnet steel corresponding to the rotor slot is recorded as the assembling reference parameter of the current slot position, after the servo turntable (2) rotates to the next rotor slot position, before step S3 is executed, the initial pushing position of the magnet steel of the next slot position is corrected based on the assembling reference parameter, the correction is carried out based on the relative position relation of the front slot position and the rear slot position, and the accumulated positioning deviation generated in the multi-slot continuous assembling process is restrained.
  9. 9. The method for positioning and assembling the rotor magnet steel of the permanent magnet motor according to claim 8, wherein in the step S5, the magnet steel assembly detection results of the continuous plurality of rotor slots are analyzed, when the magnet steel assembly deviations of the continuous plurality of rotor slots are detected to have the same change characteristics, the deviations are judged to be systematic deviations, the pushing path parameters of the clamping pliers (9) are uniformly corrected for the systematic deviations, and when the magnet steel position deviations are detected to not show the consistent change trend, the deviations are judged to be partial assembly deviations and the partial position compensation is performed only for the corresponding slots.
  10. 10. The method for positioning and assembling the rotor magnet steel of the permanent magnet motor according to claim 9 is characterized in that in the process of executing the steps S3 to S5, the displacement parameters and the mechanical parameters corresponding to the magnet steel pushing stage and the pneumatic locking stage are respectively recorded in a correlated manner, when the fact that the magnet steel position after the magnet steel pushing is completed but before the pneumatic locking meets the preset position condition and the magnet steel position after the pneumatic locking is deviated is detected, the deviation is regarded as the assembling disturbance related to the pneumatic locking process, and the execution parameters of the pneumatic locking stage in the subsequent magnet steel assembling process are corrected aiming at the assembling disturbance, so that the pushing parameters of the magnet steel pushing stage are kept unchanged.

Description

Positioning and assembling device and method for rotor magnetic steel of permanent magnet motor Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of motor design and manufacture, in particular to a permanent magnet motor rotor magnetic steel positioning assembly device and an assembly method. Background Asynchronous motor driving is widely used in industries such as fans, water pumps, injection molding machines and the like, and the energy efficiency level of the asynchronous motor driving reaches IE4/IE5. To further improve efficiency and reduce weight, rare earth Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) are becoming the mainstream. However, the permanent magnet motor rotor has extremely high requirements on the positioning accuracy of the magnetic steel in the assembly process, and when the circumferential deviation exceeds +/-0.3 degrees or the radial clearance is larger than +/-0.10 mm, the counter electromotive force harmonic wave is easily increased, so that the problems of torque pulsation, noise increase, pressure fluctuation and the like are generated. The prior art mainly adopts two assembly modes: Mechanical indexing-pressing fixture (such as CN 210624584U), positioning by indexing holes and bolts, and pressing magnetic steel by hydraulic cylinders. This method has problems such as large accumulated error and high conversion cost. A servo indexing-vision calibration system (such as CN 114112879A) utilizes a servo turntable to coarsely index, and performs fine-tuning press fitting by combining industrial camera identification and robot end. The mode has the advantages of complex equipment, high manufacturing cost, slow beat and frequent maintenance. In view of the above, the invention provides a positioning and assembling device and a positioning and assembling method for rotor magnetic steel of a permanent magnet motor. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a permanent magnet motor rotor magnetic steel positioning assembly device and an assembly method, which solve the problems of large accumulated error, long mold changing period, expensive equipment, slow assembly beat and the like in the prior art through the integrated design of laser reference, pneumatic locking and modularized quick change. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a positioning and assembling device for rotor magnetic steel of a permanent magnet motor, comprising: the base is an integral casting foundation, and the upper surface of the base is provided with a mounting structure for mounting the assembly; The servo turntable is arranged on the base, and a conical hole is formed in the table top of the servo turntable and is used for being matched with the shaft end of the rotor to realize coaxial positioning; The rotor locking ring is sleeved at the outer circle position of the rotor and matched with the wedge-shaped pressing block driven by the air cylinder, and is used for radially locking the rotor; The linear module is arranged on the base and is arranged along the radial direction of the rotor, and the linear module is used for driving the linear transmission member to reciprocate; The clamping pliers are arranged at the output end of the linear module, are connected with the linear module through clamping pliers supports and are used for clamping the magnetic steel and pushing the magnetic steel into the rotor groove along the movement direction of the linear module; The laser sensor is arranged on the base, and laser emitted by the laser sensor forms an annular optical reference on the inner cambered surface of the rotor groove after being reflected, and is used for carrying out alignment judgment on the circumferential position and the radial position of the magnetic steel in the magnetic steel pushing process. As a preferable technical scheme of the first aspect of the invention, the servo turntable is embedded with a high-precision turntable bearing, and the taper hole is matched with the shaft end of the rotor, so that the rotation center of the rotor and the rotation center of the servo turntable are kept coaxial. As a preferable technical scheme of the first aspect of the invention, the clamping pliers are of an inverted V-shaped floating structure, and permanent magnet adsorption strips are arranged on the inner sides of the clamping pliers and used for pre-adsorbing and fixing the magnetic steel before pushing the magnetic steel. As a preferable technical scheme of the first aspect of the invention, the linear module is driven by a servo motor, adopts a synchronous transmission structure and is matched with a guide mechanism for setting, and is used for realizing linear pushing movement of the clamping pliers. As a preferred technical scheme of the first aspect of the invention, the rotor locking ring is of a slotted annular structure, a plurality of wedge-shaped grooves are formed in the outer circumference of the rotor locking ring, wedge-shaped pressing blocks driven by